Efficacy of pre-treatment with lufenuron for the prevention of Microsporum canis infection in a feline direct topical challenge model

Oral lufenuron is reportedly an effective treatment for some cats with dermatophytosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if lufenuron, when used as a pre-treatment prior to challenge exposure, would be protective against the development of infection after the direct topical application of fungal macrocondia (Microsporum canis spores). Three groups (n = 6/group) of juvenile cats were treated with either monthly oral lufenuron (30 or 133 mg/kg) or placebo. After 2 months of treatment, kittens were challenged using 10(5)Microsporum canis spores applied to the skin under occlusion. Cats were examined weekly and the following data collected: Wood's lamp examination; scoring for scale/crust, erythema and induration; lesion size; and the development of satellite lesions. Fungal cultures were performed bi-weekly. All cats became infected; the infections progressed, and then regressed, in a similar fashion in all groups. There were no consistent statistically significant differences in weekly infection scores between treated and untreated cats throughout the study. Treated cats did not recover faster than untreated cats. We conclude that oral lufenuron at the dosing schedule and conditions used in this study did not prevent dermatophytosis or alter the course of infection by direct topical challenge.     

猪链球菌2型四川分离株猪体回归试验

选用35~38日龄的健康断奶仔猪21头,分3组,用2005四川分离株SSsc0501分别经静脉、肌肉注射和口服3种途径感染,进行猪体回归试验。肌肉注射组(含菌0.6×108个/mL)16 h开始出现症状,至36 h全部死亡,发病率、病死率均为100%;静脉注射组(含菌0.2×108个/mL)25 h开始出现症状,48 h内全部死亡,发病率和病死率均为100%;口服攻毒组(含菌2×108个/mL)90 h后开始有发病症状,第9天有1头死亡,发病率75%,病死率33%。从感染病死猪的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、心血、大脑、脑脊液、淋巴结、肺脏和关节液中均分离到链球菌,经鉴定为试验攻毒的目的菌,表明猪体能够很好地用于猪链球菌2型动物感染模型,同时说明该菌侵害器官广泛,为进一步探讨该病的综合防制提供了重要技术依据。     

四种实验动物脏器质量系数的测定

对鲤鱼、蟾蜍、家鸡、家兔四种动物主要内脏器官进行称量并对脏器系数进行测定,对同类动物不同性别间脏器系数的差异和各脏器系数之间的大小进行了比较。结果表明,鲤鱼、蟾蜍和家兔各脏器质量,雌雄间无明显差异,但家鸡部分脏器质量雌雄间有明显差异。家鸡的脏器系数(肝脏除外),雄性明显高于雌性(P<0.05),鲤鱼和蟾蜍的肾脏系数性别差异显著(P<0.05)。四种动物的心脏系数:家鸡>蟾蜍>家兔>鲤鱼;肝脏系数:家兔>蟾蜍>家鸡;肺脏系数:蟾蜍>家鸡>家兔;脾脏系数:鲤鱼>家鸡>家兔>蟾蜍;肾脏系数:家鸡>家兔>蟾蜍>鲤鱼。由此可见,动物的脏器系数的大小与其进化水平有一定的相关性。     

氮、磷、钾配施对草原3号苜蓿干草产量的影响

采用“3414”试验设计对草原3号苜蓿进行大田施肥,通过对苜蓿干草产量进行多元回归分析和模拟寻优分析来探索氮、磷、钾肥的肥料效应。结果表明,施肥在不同程度上增加了苜蓿干草产量,增产幅度在7.20%~26.85%之间,增产最高的施肥处理是P2K1N1;在单因子施肥效应中,苜蓿干草产量随着磷肥施入量增加而增加,随着钾肥和氮肥施入量增加而先增加后降低。在两因子互作效应中,氮磷、磷钾互作对苜蓿干草产量具有一定的促进作用,氮钾互作对苜蓿干草产量具有一定抑制作用。通过模拟寻优分析得到最优施肥配比为P2O5 180.22kg/hm^2、K2O 52.82kg/hm^2、N 41.84kg/hm^2,产量达11257.09kg/hm^2。磷、钾、氮以及饲草产量的最优配比区间分别为178.2~182.33kg/hm^2、51.38~54.38kg/hm^2、40.8~42.9kg/hm^2、11247.36~11266.82kg/hm^2。     

柱花草高产栽培综合农艺措施的研究

试验采用５因素二交正交旋转组合回归设计,对柱花草高产栽培的综合农艺措施进行研究,并建立了千物质产量与种植密度,收割次数、施过磷酸钙量、施复合肥量、喷施钼酸铵浓度先进５项农艺措施之间的数学模型,通过模型解析和寻优,得出在试验条件下,５项农艺措施对热研２号柱花草产量影响的程度依次为：收缩次数〉种植密度〉复合肥量〉施过磷酸钙量〉喷施钼酸铵浓度,并得出高产栽培组合方案。     

论个性化的大学英语课程设置

讨论了目前大学英语课程设置单一的现状，并分析其形成原因。文章以ESP研究关于需求分析的理论为依据，提出大学应根据学生的实际需要、新时期国家和社会对人才培养需要，区别不同层次、不同程度、不同专业学生的需求，而专门设置一系列大学英语课程。说明了设置个性化的大学英语课程的理由和好处。     

新建与复养规模化猪场中生物安全工艺设计与改造

生物安全是猪场生产管理的关键,也是猪场搞好生产的基本保障。猪场生物安全贯穿于生产管理的各个环节,包括人员、物资、猪只、饲料、粪污等流转运输等。近两年的非洲猪瘟疫情使得很多生物安全设施和管理不健全的养殖场遭受灭顶之灾。为协助众多在疫情中遭受打击的规模养殖企业恢复生产,文章从更严格的生物安全角度出发,在传统猪场工艺设计的基础上,对猪场功能区设置、人员物料流线规划、进出场洗消设施配置等提出了一套较为完整的工艺技术方案,供养猪从业者在新建和改造猪场复养过程中参考。     

正交试验方法在铺地百里香扦插繁殖中的应用研究

应用正交试验方法,对园林芳香草坪新种--铺地百里香Thymus serpyllum进行了扦插繁殖试验研究.结果表明,扦插基质是影响铺地百里香扦插繁殖的主要因素,其次为插穗、NAA浓度、插穗在NAA中的浸泡时间;四因素的最佳水平组合为A2B2C2D2,即剪取上部枝条4～5 cm,去顶芽后,用珍珠岩做扦插基质,在浓度为100 mg/L的NAA中浸泡5 min,铺地百里香的扦插效果最为理想.     

Tolerability and pharmacokinetic profile of a novel benzene‐poly‐carboxylic acids complex with cis‐diammineplatinum (II) dichloride in dogs with malignant mammary tumours

The pharmacokinetic profile, tolerability and efficacy of benzene‐poly‐carboxylic acids complex with cis‐diammineplatinum (II) dichloride (BP‐C1) were studied in dogs with mammary cancer. A three‐level response surface pathway designed trial was performed on seven dogs. At each level BP‐C1 was administered subcutaneously daily for 7 days followed by a 7‐day rest period in a dose escalating manner. Adverse events according to VCOG‐CTCAE, performance status and tumour progression were recorded. The pharmacokinetic profile followed a two‐compartment model with rapid absorption, short distribution, and a slow elimination phase. The overall elimination half‐life was 125 h. The maximum tolerated dose of BP‐C1 was estimated to be above 0.46 mg kg^?1. A significant reduction in VCOG‐CTCAE toxicity which correlated negatively with increasing dose was found. The dogs' general performance status remained unchanged. No decrease in total tumour burden was found, although temporary tumour reduction was seen in some target tumours.     

INVITED REVIEW: STUDY DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH IN VETERINARY RADIOLOGY AND RADIATION ONCOLOGY

High quality clinical research is essential for advancing knowledge in the areas of veterinary radiology and radiation oncology. Types of clinical research studies may include experimental studies, method‐comparison studies, and patient‐based studies. Experimental studies explore issues relative to pathophysiology, patient safety, and treatment efficacy. Method‐comparison studies evaluate agreement between techniques or between observers. Patient‐based studies investigate naturally acquired disease and focus on questions asked in clinical practice that relate to individuals or populations (e.g., risk, accuracy, or prognosis). Careful preplanning and study design are essential in order to achieve valid results. A key point to planning studies is ensuring that the design is tailored to the study objectives. Good design includes a comprehensive literature review, asking suitable questions, selecting the proper sample population, collecting the appropriate data, performing the correct statistical analyses, and drawing conclusions supported by the available evidence. Most study designs are classified by whether they are experimental or observational, longitudinal or cross‐sectional, and prospective or retrospective. Additional features (e.g., controlled, randomized, or blinded) may be described that address bias. Two related challenging aspects of study design are defining an important research question and selecting an appropriate sample population. The sample population should represent the target population as much as possible. Furthermore, when comparing groups, it is important that the groups are as alike to each other as possible except for the variables of interest. Medical images are well suited for clinical research because imaging signs are categorical or numerical variables that might be predictors or outcomes of diseases or treatments.