摘穗青贮型玉米复式割台的试验分析

该文通过正交试验，找出了对玉米复式割台收获质量有影响的多种因素；分析了各因素对摘穗机构和茎秆切割输送机构的影响；通过设计主要的工作部件，确定了复式割台主要的工作参数；对设计后的复式割台进行了性能检测，各项指标均达到了国家标准要求。结果表明，摘穗青贮型玉米复式割台对于各种玉米具有广泛的适应性。     

桩基螺旋型地埋管换热器换热性能的数值模拟与验证

为了探讨不同因素对桩基螺旋型地埋管换热性能的影响,建立了桩基螺旋型地埋管换热器的传热数学模型,分析了桩基直径、桩基深度、螺旋管组数、土壤类型对桩基螺旋型地埋管换热量及土壤温度分布的影响,结果表明:增加桩基直径有利于改善桩基的蓄热能力、提高螺旋型埋管的换热性能,但是单位管长换热量会减小,因此,桩基直径不可无限制增加;桩基深度的增加有利于提高桩基螺旋型埋管换热器的换热量,而且对单位长度桩基的换热量影响很小,因此,可以通过增加桩基深度来提高换热量;同样条件下,黏土、砂土、砂岩中砂岩最有利于桩基换热器换热,土壤温度上升速率和幅度最低,而黏土换热效果最差,土壤温度上升速率最快;此外,螺旋管组数越多,换热器换热量越大,但是单位管长换热量会大幅下降。试验验证表明:所建桩基螺旋埋管模型预测出的换热量与土壤温度值与对应试验值吻合较好,其最大相对误差分别在9.7%与9.2%以内。     

同步获取土壤介电与力学参数的实验系统

土壤作为一种由惰性固体、活性固体、溶质、气体以及水组成的多元复合系统，决定了其物理特性实验研究的复杂性。针对土壤物理实验中多变量信息同步实时获取的客观需要，应用一个自行设计的双变量传感器和虚拟仪器(VI)技术，研制了一台能够同时测量土壤力学特性与介电特性的智能化测试系统。该系统既能在0～40 cm深度之间提供土壤圆锥指数分布与含水率分布剖面，而且还可运用信号处理中的相关理论分析双变量传感器输出信号间的相关特性。该系统为在实验室中分析土壤介电特性和力学特性研究提供了一个智能化的基础实验平台，并已在与德国波恩大学农业工程研究所的合作研究中成功地应用于田间实际测量中。     

平板式太阳能供热与制冷联合循环的试验研究

该文提出一种全新的平板式太阳能供热与制冷联合循环新思路，并进行了实物样机制作。将传统太阳能集热器的吸热芯片插入太阳能吸附制冷吸附集热器内的吸附剂中间层，有效地解决太阳能吸附制冷循环过程中吸附床的散热问题，并可有效回收吸附床的显热及吸附热供用户使用。用石英碘钨灯模拟太阳能辐射能量对实物样机进行了试验，结果表明，在接受外界能量16～18 MJ/m²的情况下，集热面积为0.9 m²的平板型太阳能冷热联供装置可对外输出5 kg的冰，并可使热水箱内60 kg的水温升高18℃，系统制冷COP在0.11～0.12之间，总的供热效率在0.45左右。通过试验，证明了所提出的平板式太阳能冷热联供装置结构简单、性能可靠，对太阳能的合理利用作出了一次有效的尝试。     

Experimental Study on the Shear Distortion of the Discontinuity of ZHAIBA Landslide in the Yunyang City

In order to analyze the stability of the landslide, it is important to make the shear strength test to discontinuity of the landslide. So, we must use a method of simpleness, practicality and speediness to determine the shear strength of the discontinuity. Using homemade shear equipment, the authors make shear strength test to model from landslide of ZHAIBA under different situation. After analyzing the experiment data we conclude that the shear strength of the discontinuity is relevant not only to compressive force but also to containing water of the discontinuity, Shear strength will rise as compression force rise and will reduce as containing water of the discontinuity rise.     

复合果蔬汁饮料最优配方的筛选

采用L9（3^4）正交试验设计对复合果蔬汁饮料生产的4个主要因素（果蔬汁、海藻糖、柠檬酸和稳定剂）进行处理方案设计,按工艺生产出相应的产品,应用Excel程序建立四元二次多项式方程,并进行效应分析,得出各因素对饮料品质的影响,再运用Qbasic寻优程序进行寻优。试验结果表明,4个因素对饮料品质影响大小顺序为：果蔬汁〉稳定剂〉海藻糖〉柠檬酸;复合果蔬汁饮料的最佳配方为：甜红椒汁25％,枸杞汁7．5％,柠檬汁7．5％,海藻糖10％;柠檬酸0．04％;CMC＋黄原胶0．18％。     

回归模型优化白灵菇深层发酵工艺

以生物量为筛选目标,采用二次回归正交旋转试验设计方法对白灵菇深层发酵培养基组成中的玉米淀粉、黄豆粉、MgSO4·7H2O和麸皮4因素的最优化组合及发酵培养条件进行了研究.建立了具有良好预测性能的白灵菇深层发酵工艺模型,并利用回归模型对发酵工艺条件的最优组合及各单因子效应进行了分析.得到最佳培养基:玉米淀粉1.50%、黄豆粉1.50%、MgSO4·7H2O 0.16%、麸皮3.50%、KH2PO42%、VB110 mg/L.最佳发酵培养条件:培养周期8天,培养基装料量100mL/500mL(三角瓶)、起始pH值6、接种量15%、发酵温度25℃、摇床转数160r/min.     

Synthesis and Optimization of Cinnamic Acid Through Perkin Reaction

An improvement on synthetic procedure of cinnamic acid is made, using potissium carbonate as catalyst and PEG-400 as phase transfer catalyst. The synthetic yield is increased to 65.3% and the reaction time is shortened by optimization through comparing the quantity of potassium carbonate, molecular weight of PEG, reaction time and temperature by using the orthogonal design.     

Field screening of soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germplasm for aluminium tolerance by the use of augmented design

Summary Selection for aluminium tolerance is necessary to adapt the soya bean crop to vast areas of acid soil in the tropics such as the Brazilian Savannas (Cerrados). The breeding programmes include field testing of large numbers of varieties. The tests are laborious, time consuming and need to be repeated to minimize effects of uncontrolled environmental factors. The present results show that augmented designs are efficient in the identification of Al-tolerant genotypes. These designs (i) allow elimination of soil differences as common causes for error in comparison of entries, and (ii) can be successfully employed in genetic studies and breeding programmes for crop improvement, being more cost effective than fully replicated trials.     

INVESTIGATION OF COLOR CENTERS IN Nd~(3+): YAG CRYSTALS GROWING IN GRAPHITE RESISTANCE FURNACES

BY impurity analysis of crystal materials, and with systematiacl experiments of optical absorption, annealing treatment and ultraviolet light irradiation of the crystals, the mechanism of color centers in Nd3+:YAG crystals growing in graphite resistance furnace is investigated.