6种野生耐旱花卉解剖学特征与耐旱性的关系

为给干旱、半干旱地区野生花卉的引种驯化提供理论依据,对燕山地区6种野生耐旱花卉营养器官的结构进行了观察与测定,对其中的叶片角质层厚度、叶片气孔密度、栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度的比值、第1层栅栏组织细胞密集度、侧脉间距离、根皮层厚度与根半径之比、初生木质部导管数目、后生木质部导管平均直径等8个主要耐旱结构指标作了方差分析与多重比较,并采用隶属函数对种间耐旱性进行了综合评判。结果表明:6种野生耐旱花卉叶片耐旱性强弱依序为南蛇藤>栓翅卫矛>叶底珠>孩儿拳头>木半夏>蚂蚱腿子;初生根耐旱性强弱依序为叶底珠>孩儿拳头>栓翅卫矛>南蛇藤>蚂蚱腿子>木半夏,与其实际耐旱能力的排序(叶底珠>栓翅卫矛>木半夏>孩儿拳头>南蛇藤>蚂蚱腿子)相比,出现了顺序上的交错现象;所选耐旱指标在对花卉耐旱的作用上,以角质层厚度、栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度的比值和第1层栅栏组织细胞密集的贡献最大,初生根的贡献较小,这预示了6种野生耐旱花卉解剖结构与耐旱途径的多样性。     

煤矿监控系统备用电源的可靠性预计

首先介绍了可靠性的概念特征、可靠性模型的建立和可靠性预计方法。根据CJB／Z299B-98标准中的可靠性预计方法,对煤炭安全生产监控系统的备用电源进行了可靠性预计,得到了在高温150℃电应力系数小于0．3时的平均无故障时间。     

提高减速箱中橡胶油封-金属转轴密封性能的方法

减速箱橡胶油封漏油是一个尚未解决的一个棘手问题 .从摩擦学的角度分析 ,漏油的原因主要是油封与转轴接触部位不符合摩擦学的要求 ,造成此处的摩擦系数过高 ,油封磨损过快 .介绍了几种降低橡胶油封与转轴之间摩擦系数的方法     

Thermal properties of interior decorating material and the sensation of cold/warm by contact II: the relations among heat flux, temperature change of material, and sensation of cold/warm by contact

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in heat flux and temperature after the subject's palm was in contact with interior decorating materials. The relations among heat flux, temperature, and sensation of cold/warm during contact were studied. Ten men and ten women were selected and introduced to 21 materials for the contact test. They were in contact with the specimens for 30min without seeing them in a climate-controlled room at 25°±1°C and 65% RH. Changes in the heat flux and temperature of the specimens were determined by a heat flux meter. A sensory evaluation test was applied to evaluate the cold-warm contact. Results indicated that the heat flux and temperature increased with increasing time after the subject's palm was in contact with the specimens. The heat flux (Q ₃₀) and temperature (T ₃₀) 30min after the subject's palm contacted the specimens were greater for male subjects than for female subjects. A positive linear regression equation existed between the values for Q₃₀ andT ₃₀, whereas a negative linear regression formula existed the sensation of cold-warm by contact (5) and the values of ln(Q ₁·). Therefore, the sensation of cold/warm by contact could be estimated simply by using the thermal physical properties of the interior decorating materials.Part of this report was presented at the International Conference on Effective Utilization of Plantation Timber, Chi-Tou, Taiwan, ROC, May 1999     

中国草芦对土壤营养吸收的效率(英文)

中国草芦(Phalaris arunainacea L.)是禾本科草芦属多年生根茎型优良禾草。对其进行N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK、CK八个处理,在分蘖期采用M.K.Ka提出的公式测定中国草芦对土壤及肥料中N、P、K三元素的吸收和利用系数,并测定植物粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量,成熟期测定鲜草、干草产量和种子产量,结果表明:中国草芦对土壤中N的吸收系数(Kn%)以PK处理最高为12.36,K处理降低。对肥料中N的利用系数(Ky%)以NPK处理为最高(14.78),所有处理均高于对照。对土壤中P的吸收系数Kn%以NK处理最高为19.30,K处理的降低。对肥料中P的利用系数Ky%,以NP最高为19.52,所有处理均比CK高,对土壤中K的吸收系数Kn%以NP处理最高,为19.2,单一的P处理最低,对肥料中K的利用系数Ky%以NPK处理最高,为28.44。鲜草和干草产量以NP处理最高,且所有处理均高于对照。种子产量及粗蛋白质含量以NK处理最高,粗脂肪含量以NK、N处理最高,本实验说明中国草芦进行人工栽培后,施用一定比例的肥料,可以提高肥料的利用效率,提高产量的品质。     

贺兰山西坡鼠种内脏重量与海拔梯度关系研究

采用铗日法对贺兰山西坡鼠类的内脏重量与海拔梯度关系情况进行了细致研究。选取8条典型沟道为样线,共布设有效铗日18 748个,捕获鼠类235只。阿拉善黄鼠和大林姬鼠在所有海拔梯度均有分布,其次是社鼠、灰仓鼠和短尾仓鼠,海拔分布范围最小的是高山鼠兔和东方田鼠。阿拉善黄鼠的肺脏和肾脏重量高海拔重量远高于低海拔重量,显示出了其对外界环境的超强适应能力。     

Snow damages on trees of an uneven age in mixed broadleaf forests:effects of topographical conditions and tree characteristics

Snow damage on natural stands is an important problem concerning mountainous forest management.In the present research,the frequency and intensity of heavy snow damage on natural stands and the relationship of damages with characteristics of trees,stand and topography were studied in mountainous forests of northern Iran.A systematic sampling design was applied to the study area(140 ha),with 122 circular plots.The grid dimension was100 m and each plot area was 1000 m^2.The four types of snow damage to trees include:crown damage(8.6%),stem breakage(5.4%),uprooting(3.2%),and bending(1.4%).The frequency of crown damage grew with an increase inthe diameter at breast height(DBH),while the frequency of stem breakage,uprooting and bending decreased with an increase the DBH.The frequency of crown damage,stem breakage,and total damages was related to tree species(p<0.01).Not all tree species were equally susceptible to snow damage.The amount of damage grew with increasing elevation and slope angle and decreased with increasing soil depth.Young trees(DBH<25 cm)were more susceptible to snow damage than other trees.Snow damage decreased by as the trees in the stand became more mixed in age.The susceptibility of trees to snow damage increased by height and slenderness coefficient.With adequate silvicultural operation,snow damage can be reduced to a minimum level in these natural forests.     

植物激素对丽格海棠组织培养快繁的影响

根据目前丽格海棠组织培养快繁现状,研究了以MS培养基为基础附加不同种类和配比植物激素对丽格海棠组织培养中不定芽再生、不定芽继代增殖和生根的影响。结果表明:丽格海棠不定芽再生的最佳植物激素配比为MS+1mg/L6-BA+0.1mg/LTDZ或MS+1mg/L6-BA+0.1mg/L2.4-D;不定芽继代增殖的最佳植物激素配比为MS+2mg/L6-BA+0~0.1mg/LNAA;组培苗生根的最佳植物激素配比为MS+0.1~0.3mg/LIBA。     

图解棕榈藤

通过图文的形式介绍棕榈藤植株的外观、茎、叶、花和果等器官,有助于提高棕榈藤分布区以外人们对棕榈藤的了解。     

108国道凉山境雅攀高速公路路堑高边坡稳定性分析与设计

以１０８国道凉山境高速公路Ｖｂ合同段为例,针对高边坡的复杂地质条件,采用传递系数法和毕晓普法进行稳定性分析,从而不同的高边坡采用不同的防护设计。