秸杆栽培食用菌拮抗菌株的鉴定及混菌发酵条件的优化

从海洋泥样和食用菌发酵料中分离出了32个菌株,从中筛选出了既具有较高的纤维素酶活性又具有对青霉(Penicillium spp)、木霉(Trichoderma spp.)、根霉(Rhizopus)、曲霉(Aspergillus spp)、毛霉(Mucro)较强拮抗能力的W-4、W-10、N-14三个菌株。经鉴定W-4、W-10分别属于放线菌中黄色节杆菌(Arthrobacter flavescens)和石灰壤诺卡氏菌(Nocardia calcarea),N-14属于细菌中的乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis)。通过正交试验对上述3个菌株混合发酵条件进行优化,确定在温度35℃、时间36h、pH7.5、装液量60ml/250ml时为最适发酵条件。在此条件下3个菌株混合发酵液纤维素酶活力仍然很高。同时混合发酵液对青霉、曲霉、毛霉、木霉、根霉的拮抗能力分别为单菌株发酵液的1.79倍、1.36倍、1.29倍、1.04倍、1.07倍。     

基于粒子群算法的再入式飞行器再入走廊计算方法研究

为提高我国食品质量安全水平，对小型、分散的单个供应商和一个制造商构成的食品供应链中，制造商对原材料和最终食品进行质量检测的情况，建立了以供应商和制造商各自的质量水平为决策变量的优化模型，分析了最优质量水平的影响因素和影响效应.并依据结论提出相应建议，如提高消费者对优劣食品的识别能力，发挥制造商在供应链中的监督检验作用等.     

基于机器视觉的饲料生产智能包装系统设计与应用研究

为提高饲料生产订单的包装效率、智能化程度、降低包装成本,文章基于机器视觉,从硬件选择与软件设计两个层面设计饲料生产智能包装系统。采用AutoMod软件对饲料生产智能包装系统进行仿真试验,检验整个包装系统效果。结果表明,该智能包装系统包装效率高、关键设备利用率高、系统可靠性、可行性良好。     

Object‐Based Mapping of Karst Rocky Desertification using a Support Vector Machine

Accurate and cost‐effective mapping of karst rocky desertification (KRD) is still a challenge at the regional and national scale. Visual interpretation has been utilised in the majority of studies, while an automated method based on pixel data has been investigated repeatedly. An object‐based method coupling with support vector machine (SVM) was developed and tested using Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images from three selected counties (Liujiang, Changshun and Zhenyuan) with different karst landscapes in SW China. The method supports a strategy of defining a mapping unit. It combined ETM+ images and ancillary data including elevation, slope and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index images. A sequence of scale parameters estimation, image segmentation, training data sampling, SVM parameters tuning and object classification was performed to achieve the mapping. A quantitative and semi‐automated approach was used to estimate scale parameters for segmenting an object at an optimal scale. We calculated the sum of area‐weighted standard deviation (WS), rate of change for WS, local variance (LV) and rate of change for LV at each scale level, and the threshold of the aforementioned index that indicated the optimal segment level and merge level. The KRD classification results had overall accuracies of 85·50, 84·00 and 84·86 per cent for Liujiang, Changshun and Zhenyuan, respectively, and kappa coefficients are up to 0·8062, 0·7917 and 0·8083, respectively. This approach mapped six classes of KRD and offered a visually appealing presentation. Moreover, it proposed a conceptual and size‐variable object from the classification standard of KRD. The results demonstrate that the application of our method provides an efficient approach for the mapping of KRD. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

豫西丘陵地区果牧结合立体生态园设计的探讨

根据豫西丘陵地区生态、经济、社会条件以及目前农牧业生产中存在的突出问题，提出果牧结合立体生态园建设是该地区生态农业发展的重要途径。并在调查和初步研究基础上设计了“畜（禽）—果”、“畜（禽）—沼—果”等果牧结合模式，分析了生态园建设研究中要探讨的具体内容。     

基于低碳与成本约束的机电产品包装概念设计

机电产品的包装需要耗费大量的原木,对环境造成了极大的影响,也增加了机电产品的生产经营成本。文章从低碳和成本约束的角度,对机电产品包装概念设计的模型进行了分析和探讨。     

艺术设计中“图”与“底”的关系

人们关注的中心为“图”,背景的部分为“底”,“图形”与“基底”的关系指一个封闭的式样与另一个和它同质的非封闭的背景之间的关系。图底关系理论在城市建筑设计中大有可为。     

Association between porpoise presence and fish choruses: implications for feeding strategies and ecosystem-based conservation of the East Asian finless porpoise

The associations between feeding activities and environmental variables inform animal feeding tactics that maximize energetic gains by minimizing energy costs while maximizing feeding success. Relevant studies in aquatic animals, particularly marine mammals, are scarce due to difficulties in the observation of feeding behaviors in aquatic environments. This data scarcity concurrently hinders ecosystem-based fishery management in the context of small toothed-cetacean conservation. In the present study, a passive acoustic monitoring station was deployed in an East Asian finless porpoise habitat in Laizhou Bay to investigate potential relationships between East Asian finless porpoises and their prey. The data revealed that porpoises were acoustically present nearly every day during the survey period. Porpoise detection rates differed between spring and autumn in concert with activities of fish choruses. During spring, fish choruses were present throughout the afternoon, and this was the time when porpoise vocalizations were the most frequently detected. During autumn, when fish choruses were absent, porpoise detection rates decreased, and diurnal patterns were not detected. The close association between fish choruses and finless porpoise activities implies an “eavesdropping” feeding strategy to maximize energetic gains, similar to other toothed cetaceans that are known to engage similar feeding strategies. Underwater noise pollution, particularly those masking fish choruses, could interrupt finless porpoises’ feeding success. Fisheries competing soniferous fishes with finless porpoise could impact finless porpoise viability through ecosystem disruption, in addition to fishing gear entanglement.     

网络驱动的协同设计三维几何模型共享技术

为解决网络驱动的协同设计三维几何模型共享技术的实现问题,提出一种基于特征流的混合式3D几何模型共享机制,提出了基于多粒度的产品几何模型数据结构描述方法和面向模型局部操作的"游历-查询"特征的历史记录来重构模型的特征建模方法。建立了网络驱动的、基于CORBA/JAVA中间插件的3D几何模型特征信息同步传输和共享平台,CORBA/JAVA平台支持多用户、分布数据管理、消息传输、网络通讯以及可扩展性,通过该平台实现了三维模型的实时传输和共享。     

机动车废气分析仪信号处理系统的智能化设计

提出了机动车废气分析仪的智能化组成及其实现信号处理的全过程。详细阐述了信号处理的软硬件的实现。实验结果表明：本系统克服了传统不分光红外线分析仪固有的缺陷。进一步保证了测量数据的正确性和准确性。