Research Progress on Resistance Mechanisms and Detecting Technology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

In recent years, the constantly emerging of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis brings unprecedented pressures to treat tuberculosis. In recent studies, it has found that not only bovine-type Mycobacterium tuberculosis can infect people, but human-type Mycobacterium tuberculosis can also infect cattle, which is also brings threats and challenges to the development of the cattle industry. And how to establish quick, handy, sensitive, highly specific and inexpensive resistance testing methods is the key to control the spread of the disease.In this review, it introduced not only the mechanism of action of isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide and so on, but also the traditional detection methods of drug resistance of mycobacteria (luciferase system, microscopic observation of drug susceptibility, proportion method, Bactec MGIT 960 System)and molecular detection methods (reverse hybriditation-based line probe assay (LiPA), Gene Xpert automatic detection system, PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis(PCR-SSCP),PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP), DNA sequencing, gene chip, RNA/RNA mismatch assay, which may be helpful to the further and clinical treatment and research for tuberculosis.     

兽用常温耐热型弱毒活疫苗的研究进展

常温耐热型弱毒活疫苗对预防畜禽疾病具有重要作用，对它的研究越来越多，尤其是耐热冻干保护剂。作者对耐热冻干保护剂的组成、作用机制、效能及畜禽疫病中的应用进行了介绍。     

Research Progress on Drug Resistance and Its Mechanism of Mycoplasma in Livestock and Poultry

The harm for livestock and poultry production caused by Mycoplasma infection has got widespread attention of researchers in the world. The practical ways to control the disease in order to reduce economic loss through Mycoplasma infection is the extensive use of antibiotics. Many groups of antibiotics including tetracyclines, macrolides and quinolones have been shown to be effective to Mycoplasma. Clinical practice shows many Mycoplasma isolated from livestock and poultry are characterized not only by single drug resistance but also by multiple antibiotic resistance due to the legacy of past decades of antimicrobial misuse, which threat the livestock and poultry production health. This paper reviews the mechanism of anti-Mycoplasma medicines through the alterations in the targets, the formation of efflux pump system, and the generation of inactivated enzymes of antibiotics, which provide theoretical basis and strategies for establishing resistance testing system, rational drug use and development of new drugs.     

维生素C缓解动物热应激机理的探讨

热应激给畜牧业生产造成一定的损失。维生素C对缓解动物热应激有一定作用。作者就动物热应激的机理、维生素C的生理功能及维生素C缓解热应激的机理进行综述。     

动物鲜味受体的研究进展及其基因表达调控

动物的鲜味受体包括代谢型谷氨酸受体(m GluR)和味觉受体异源二聚体(T1R1/T1R3),是C型G蛋白偶联受体,N末端捕蝇草模块(VFT)区域可与鲜味配体结合,识别鲜味。本文主要论述了鲜味受体的研究进展、鲜味识别转导机制及鲜味受体基因的表达调控等,以期为相关研究提供参考。     

谷氨酰胺对水生动物的抗氧化作用及其机理

文章主要综述了谷氨酰胺(glutamine, Gln)对水生动物的抗氧化作用及其机理,旨在深入理解、研究、利用和调控Gln在水生动物上的抗氧化作用,提高水生动物的健康水平,促进生长和发育,发展可持续的渔业.     

青海三江源“黑土滩”形成的自然、人为因素和生物学机制

“黑土滩”的形成有其独特的气象条件、海拔范围和区域特征,其主导因素是草场超载过牧、乱采滥挖、鼠害破坏以及冻融、风蚀和水蚀等自然因素。     

空肠弯曲菌耐药机制研究进展

空肠弯曲菌是一种全球关注的人兽共患病病原菌,由于滥用抗生素而造成其耐药性不断增强,成为公共卫生日益关注的问题.各类抗生素作用位点的基因突变是诱发空肠弯曲菌对各类临床常用的抗生素产生耐药的主要原因,同时细菌对药物的外排机制也在其对抗生素耐药过程中发挥了一定的作用.文章对空肠弯曲菌对各类临床常用抗生素的耐药机制做一综述.     

经络穴位给药系统在兽医临床上的应用

经络穴位给药系统以中医经络理论为基础,具有经穴效应和药物效应的双重治疗特性,已广泛应用于兽医临床.目前,兽医临床上常用穴位给药方式是穴位埋植和穴位注射,而常用穴位主要是后海穴、百会穴、肺龠穴.随着经络穴位给药系统的广泛应用,新型经络穴位给药制剂和经络穴位给药作用机理已成为经络穴位给药系统研究的重点.     

番茄早疫病菌拮抗细菌的筛选及其抑制作用

为了筛选对番茄早疫病菌具有生防作用的菌株,利用前期研究获得的17株促生菌,采用平板对峙法测定其对病原真菌的拮抗作用及对菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果发现,可有效拮抗番茄早疫病菌的生防菌有2株,其中,菌株FX2的抑菌活性较好,抑制率达到70.52%,菌株LHS11的抑制率为65.34%。菌株FX2和LHS11可通过次生代谢物抑制病原真菌,其中菌株LHS11的发酵液对番茄早疫病菌的抑制率达到65.40%,菌株FX2的发酵液的抑制率为47.26%。菌株FX2和LHS11能使病原菌菌丝发生不同程度扭曲变形。