大庆湿地类型及文化旅游价值估算

湿地是一种特殊的具有多种功能的生态系统,湿地在保护生物多样性、保持生态环境和可持续发展方面具有重要价值。本文以大庆湿地为研究对象,结合大庆地区2007年LANDSAT TM遥感图形解译数据和实地调查数据,采用地理信息系统技术(GIS),分析大庆湿地分布特征和类型。在此基础上选用费用支出法对大庆湿地文化旅游价值进行了估算:计算结果表明,大庆湿地文化科研价值为4.159 236亿元,大庆湿地旅游价值为7.48亿元,大庆湿地文化旅游价值为11.639 236亿元。     

废旧家具回收现状及回收体系研究

废旧家具产品中含有害物质,不合理的回收利用,会对土壤、地下水和空气等环境要素造成比较严重的危害,但目前,家具回收还没有系统的回收方式和完善的处置方法。通过对国内外废旧家具回收发展现状进行调查及分析,探讨我国废旧家具回收中出现的诸多问题和改进的方向,其主要还是缺少相应的家具回收处置体系。为实现我国废旧家具的合理回收和处置,以考虑回收渠道多元化,政府主导企业核算,设计出一套相对合理并完整的回收处置体系。     

成本核算是施工项目成本管理的核心

论述了成本核算的意义及重要性,阐明成本核算是施工项目成本管理的核心,应加以重视。     

浅议工程量清单计价的造价管理

本文较详细地论述了工程量清单计价的意义、内容、合理性及可行性,并阐明其在实际运用中应注意的问题。     

浅议审计部门在建设项目全过程造价控制中的作用

审计部门如何发挥自身监督作用,合理有效地控制工程造价,直接关系到企业的健康发展。建设项目全过程造价控制已经成为审计实践的发展方向,并有助于提高企业建设项目的管理水平,发挥建设资金的使用效益。     

造价管理确定方法常见问题及对策

本文剖析了工程造价管理确定方法存在的问题,并提出了相应的解决策略。以期为我国建设工程造价确定方法的改革作出一定的贡献。     

Modeling spatial variability in the life-cycle costs of low-volume forest roads

Cost estimation is probably the most decisive factor in the process of computer-aided, preliminary planning for low-volume road networks. However, the cost of construction is normally assumed to be route-independent for a specific project area, resulting in sub-optimal layouts. This is especially true for mountainous terrain and in areas with unstable subsoil. Here, we present a model for more accurately estimating spatial variability in road life-cycle costs, based on terrain surface properties as well as geological properties of the subsoil. This parametric model incorporates four structural components: embankment, retaining structures, pavement, and drainage and stream-crossing structures. It is linked to a geo-database that allows users to derive location-specific parameter values as input. In applying this model, we have demonstrated that variability in costs ranges widely for mountainous areas, with the most expensive construction being approximately five times greater there than on more favorable sites. This variability strongly affects the optimal layout of a road network. First, when location-specific slope gradients are considered, costs are reduced by about 17% from those calculated via currently available engineering practices; when both slope gradient and geotechnical formations are included, those costs are decreased by about 20%. Second, the length of the road network is increased by about 4% and 10% respectively, compared with current practices.     

杉木种子园不同营建方式成本分析

本文以现金流、折现值、净现值为指标,引用动态经济评价方法,对湖南省会同县不同建园方式的杉木种子园前期成本进行对比分析。结果表明：新建园先在苗圃培育2年生容器砧木,第3年圃地嫁接,第4年移植至种子园,这种方式相对传统的在园区培育3年生砧木,第4年园区嫁接无性系的建园方式,30 hm2规模前4年投入少37.68万元,节约23.83%,净现值增加40.76万元,增加27.44%,建园方式的创新经济效益显著。     

ANALYSIS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS FOR DIAGONAL MINE FANS

We shall discuss the real opererating conditions of the mine fans . in the mine diagonal ventilation system and establish a set of mathematics model for analysing the real engineering to provide judgement for technical manage ment of mine ventilation.     

浅析建筑工程造价管理

工程造价是投资的经济效益和社会效益的体现,本文在分析了工程造价对建筑工程的作用、意义和特点的基础上,对有效控制工程造价的各项影响因素进行了分析,并结合个人工作经验实际提出了应采取的原则,为有效进行造价控制和管理提供了保障措施。