红棕油对樱桃谷肉鸭屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉营养成分的影响

为研究红棕油对樱桃谷肉鸭屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉营养物成分的影响,选取1日龄健康、体重为(50±2.01)g的樱桃谷肉仔鸭640羽,随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复16羽,公母各半.对照组饲喂添加0.45％棕榈油的基础饲粮,试验1组饲喂添加0.15％红棕油+0.3％棕榈油的基础饲粮,试验2组饲喂添加0.3％红棕油+...     

丛枝菌根对干旱胁迫下油用牡丹幼苗光化学活性的影响

采用盆栽法,对重度干旱(土壤相对含水量为30%)和轻度干旱(土壤相对含水量为55%)胁迫3 d和6 d的接种丛枝菌根真菌(Gigaspora rosea)的油用牡丹‘凤丹’幼苗叶片叶绿素荧光参数进行测定。结果显示：与未接菌相比,干旱胁迫下接菌‘凤丹’的PSII潜在活性Fv/Fo和性能指数PIabs均升高;重度干旱胁迫3、6 d,接菌‘凤丹’的Mo和Vj较未接菌处理分别显著降低14.5%、29.8%和12.9%和16.2%,φEo和φo分别显著提高9.7%、52.2%和8%、23.6%;与未接菌相比,轻度干旱胁迫3、6 d,接菌‘凤丹’的单位面积吸收的光能ABS/CSo、单位面积捕获的光能Tro/CSo、单位面积电子传递的量子产额ETo/CSo、单位面积传递到PSⅠ末端的量子产额REo/CSo均提高,但不显著;重度干旱胁迫3、6 d,接菌‘凤丹’的Tro/CSo、ETo/CSo和单位面积反应中心数RC/CSm分别显著提高37.8%、41.1%、47.7%、73.8%、50.1%、141.8%;干旱胁迫下,接菌‘凤丹’的调节性能量耗散量子产量Y(NPQ)均显著高于未接菌处理,非调节性能量耗散量子产量Y(NO)显著低于未接菌处理。表明,丛枝菌根可以提高干旱胁迫下(尤其是重度干旱下)PSII反应中心活性,增加对光能的吸收和捕获,提高电子传递能力和光化学效率,同时将剩余的光能以热耗散的形式散发,从而避免光损伤,进而提高干旱胁迫下油用牡丹幼苗的光化学活性和抗旱性。     

Influence of alkyl oleates on efficacy of phenmedipham applied as an acetone:water solution on Galium aparine

Galium aparine plants were treated at the two-whorl stage with technical-grade phenmedipham. The active ingredient was applied at 10 doses as an acetone:water solution, without emulsifier, alone or in mixture with an ester of oleic acid (methyl, butyl, octyl, dodecanyl, octadecanyl). The plant response was described by a log-logistic regression model. Phenmedipham applied alone did not kill the plants even at the highest dose (1621 g a.i. ha⁻¹). In contrast, addition of any alkyl oleate to phenmedipham killed the plants at the 200–400 g a.i. ha⁻¹ doses. The alkyl oleates differently affected activity of phenmedipham. Their effects could be ranked as follows: butyl ≥ methyl; octyl> methyl; dodecanyl ≤ methyl; octadecanyl < methyl oleate. Thus, butyl and octyl oleate promoted phenmedipham activity more than methyl oleate.     

冷杉精油香水的研制

松科冷杉属植物体内富含精油,冷杉精油是一种稀有而珍的天然香料。以冷杉精油为主,配合多种其它天然香料和单体香料,通过一系列试验方法,研制出集草香、果香、药香和抑菌作用于一体的多功能新型男女兼用香水,给人以自然的芳香气息。     

Variation in the seed and oil yields and oil quality in the Indian germplasm of opium poppy Papaver somniferum

The variation in the seed shape, colour and yield, and content, yield and fatty acid composition of seed oil of 109 accessions of opium poppy Papaver somniferum, (majority of them Indian land races), was investigated. The seeds were white, pale yellow or light brown in colour, reniform or round in shape and varied in size up to three fold. The oil content, seed and the oil yield varied between 26 to 52%, 1.0 to 7.4 g/plant and 0.4 to 2.7 g/plant, respectively. The % content of palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid in the seed oil ranged between 9.3 to 40.0%, 7.5 to 58.4% and 0.7 to 72.7%, respectively. On average basis, the levels of major fatty acids in the seed oil were: oleic (37.1%) > palmitic (27.3%) > linoleic acid (17.2%). The palmitoleic, stearic and linolenic acids were present in the oils of only some of the accessions. Two of the accessions yielded linoleic acid rich seed oil of about the same quality as soybean and maize oils, and in four accessions, the proportion of palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids was roughly equal. The palmitic acid was relatively less and linoleic acid more in the seed oil from accessions rich in oil content. The oil that contained higher amount of oleic acid also contained higher amount of palmitic acid and relatively lower amount of linoleic acid. The correlation analyses revealed a strong positive relationship between seed yield and oil yield (r = +0.81), oil yield and oil content (r = +0.54) and oleic acid and palmitic acid content in the seed oil (r = +0.49), and a weak positive relationship between oil content and linoleic acid content of oil (r = +0.24), and a negative correlation was observed between oil content and palmitic acid content (r = –0.32), palmitic acid and linoleic acid (r = –0.55) and oleic acid and linoleic acid contents of oil (r = –0.68). The observations have permitted selection of accessions that are high seed and oil yielding and/or rich in linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids or containing palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids in about equal amounts.     

鸡产蛋下降综合症油乳剂灭活苗的免疫及攻毒保护试验

对应用当地分离病毒株研制的鸡产蛋下降综合症系列油乳剂灭活苗进行了免疫试验。结果表明,免疫后,鸡产蛋下降综合症（ＥＤＳ７６）油乳剂灭活苗、鸡新城疫（ＮＤ）－产蛋下降综合症二联油乳剂灭活苗及鸡新城疫－鸡传染性支气管炎（ＩＢ）－产蛋下降综合症三联油乳剂灭活苗免疫组的血清ＥＤＳ７６ＨＩ抗体迅速上升,维持４个月后仍在６．８－８（ｌｏｇ２）以上,并且能够抵抗强毒的攻击。证明所研制的ＥＤＳ７６油苗、ＮＤ－ＥＤＳ７６二联油苗、ＮＤ－ＩＢ－ＥＤＳ７６三联油苗对ＥＤＳ７６具有良好的免疫作用,能够抵抗ＥＤＳ７６强毒的攻击并产生高而持久的血清ＨＩ抗体。此外,对ＮＤ－ＥＤＳ７６二联苗、ＮＤ－ＩＢ－ＥＤＳ７６三联苗免疫组的血清ＮＤＨＩ抗体测定结果表明,上述二联苗、三联苗能产生与接种ＮＤ油苗一样良好的ＮＤ免疫效果,在免疫后１３０天时,其血清ＨＩ抗体仍高达９－１１（ｌｏｇ２）以上,与对照组有极显著的差异     

Improvement and retardation of wound healing: effects of pharmacological agents in laboratory animal studies

Impaired wound healing is an important problem; retardation of healing may be induced by endogenous and/or exogenous factors and treatments capable of ameliorating these effects are needed. The effects of solutions containing light ichthyol or povidone iodine, of ointments containing zinc oxide (ZO) and/or cod liver oil (CLO), and of a polyurethane-hydrogel foam wound dressing were examined on healing of full-thickness murine skin wounds impaired by systemic dexamethasone. The effects of the ointments were also studied on murine skin ulceration induced by subcutaneous sodium dodecyl sulphate solution. Light ichthyol at 1% and 2% but not at 5% and 10%, povidone iodine at 1% and the foam accelerated impaired healing. The ointments containing ZO or CLO accelerated healing of impaired full-thickness wounds and of ulcerated skin; ZO and CLO were synergistic. These studies demonstrate the value of murine models in the evaluation of agents employed in veterinary wound dressings.     

超临界二氧化碳萃取花椒挥发油研究

在样品粒度为６０ 目时,采取静态、动态萃取相结合的操作方式,研究了萃取压力、温度及ＣＯ２ 体积对花椒挥发油萃取的影响。结果发现,萃取压力为３４．４７５ ＭＰａ,温度为５５℃,ＣＯ２ 体积为３０ ｍ Ｌ时,萃取花椒挥发油效果较好,３ 因素的主次关系为：温度＞ ＣＯ２体积＞ 压力     

儿茶素在食用植物油中的抗氧化应用效果

采用一种食用有机溶剂溶解儿茶素,而后添加到新鲜的植物油中,比较儿茶素与几种常用的合成抗氧化剂在植物油中的抗氧化效果,并用ＮＤ－１００１ＤＰ测色色差计测定儿茶素的氧化产物对油脂色泽及清亮度的影响。结果显示,儿茶素的抗氧化效力强于ＢＨＴ、ＴＢＨＱ和维生素Ｅ等合成抗氧化剂。不过,儿茶素氧化后对油脂的色泽及清亮度有一定影响,但可通过添加某些有机酸（如柠檬酸等）增效剂加以改善。文中还对儿茶素在植物油中的抗氧化机理和中介物质进行了讨论。     

运用强夯法加固油罐深层回填地基

加固回填地基的方法主要有分层回填碾压、桩基和强夯加固3种方法。而强夯加固法是一种适用范围较广的地基处理方法,具有效果显著、施工方便、节材省时等优点。其主要技术指标是影响深度、单击夯击能、夯击次数、夯击遍数及夯点间距。以秦皇岛首站5号10×10~4m~3油罐深层回填地基处理实践为例,着重介绍了运用强夯加固法回填地基的处理方法,根据初步确定的强夯参数,提出强夯试验方案,在具有代表性的场地中选取一个或几个试验区,进行现场试夯,再根据不同土质条件,待试夯结束一至数周后,对试夯区进行测试,并与夯前测试数据进行对比,用以检验强夯效果、确定工程采用的各项强夯参数。强调了在强夯施工中应注意的事项。