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多品种(系)试验中简化广义格子设计的探讨 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
根据多品种(系)田间试验的特点,在Patterson等广义格子设计基础上提出简化广义格子设计(简称SGL设计)。SGL设计基于格子设计的正交性原理,对于可用区组容量整除的任何供试品种数、2-4次重复,均可构成不完全区组设计。且构成方法简便,设计效率因子高,具有可解析性,连通性,SGL设计的参数采用修饰极大似然法估计。 相似文献
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Study on the association of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with clinical mastitis in Norwegian Red cows 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
S. Kulberg B. Heringstad O.A. Guttersrud & I. Olsaker 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(4):201-207
Genotyping of bovine leucocyte antigen DRB3.2 (BoLA-DRB3.2) in a total of 523 Norwegian Red (NR) cows from two groups selected for high protein yield and low clinical mastitis, respectively, identified 27 previously reported BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles across the groups. Significant differences in BoLA-DRB3.2 allele frequencies were found between the selection groups. Alleles *13, *18, *22 and *27 had a significantly higher frequency in cows selected for low clinical mastitis, while alleles *3, *9, *11 and *26 had a higher frequency in cows selected for high protein yield. Associations between BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles and clinical mastitis were analysed based on mastitis data from 741,072 first-lactation NR cows, of which 452 were genotyped. Alleles *22 and *26 were found to be associated with increased clinical mastitis, while alleles *7, *11, *18 and *24 had a favourable effect on mastitis resistance. Contradictory results from different studies investigating associations between BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles and mastitis indicate that future studies should focus on associations of mastitis with BoLA haplotypes rather than with single BoLA genes. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯高原外流区地下水开发利用方式研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
王玮 《干旱区资源与环境》2006,20(3):64-69
针对鄂尔多斯高原外流区地下水资源可持续开发利用问题,建立了理想数值模型.采用控制性数值试验方法以及定性与定量分析相结合的方法,通过典型稳定流分析、无第四系稳定流分析、参数灵敏度分析,对在鄂尔多斯沙漠高原外流区开采地下水资源中的井位、过滤器顶部埋深、过滤器合理长度、开采目的层等关键技术问题进行了分析研究,研究结果表明,在鄂尔多斯沙漠高原外流区宜采用中段悬挂式非完整井远离河流单一开采白垩系含水层地下水,同时指出控制性数值试验方法以及定量分析定性分析相结合的方法,在地下水资源可持续开发利用乃至地下水科学领域,是值得重视和进一步发展的研究方法. 相似文献
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对龙红苹果和金红苹果的产量、果实品质、果实性状、树体抗寒性、树体发育及新梢生长等进行调查分析比较.结果表明:龙红苹果果实外观性状、果实品质及产量等均优于金红苹果;龙红苹果果实熟期比金红早15d;龙红苹果树体发育及新梢生长与金红基本相当,但龙红苹果树体稍矮于金红苹果树体,便于管理. 相似文献
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本试验利用无磷原料配制无磷饲粮,选择低磷原料配制基础饲粮,用一定比例待测植物性饲料替代基础饲粮配制待测饲粮,通过平衡试验法测定了35日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡对玉米、豆粕、麦麸3种饲料原料的总磷真利用率。结果表明:在控制饲粮含磷量低于肉仔鸡的磷需要量,研究饲料磷的最大利用率时,肉仔鸡的内源磷排出量为(44.84±3.14)mg/d。玉米、豆粕和麦麸的总磷真利用率分别为(16.42±3.36)%、(28.34±4.90)%和(46.48±4.29)%。利用总磷含量的1/3和非植酸磷含量估计肉鸡饲料有效磷并不准确。因麦麸本身含有高活性的植酸酶,肉仔鸡可部分利用其植酸磷。 相似文献
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) aims to promote physical and biological regulation strategies that help farmers contain populations of pests (pathogens, animal pests and weeds) and to finally reduce the reliance on pesticides. It is based on the holistic combination of multiple management measures rather than on the sum of single methods, each of them having only small effects on pests reduction. Thus, to analyse the interactions between IPM measures and to evaluate the sustainability of their implementation, we require an approach considering the whole cropping system (CS), i.e. a functional entity whose complexity is more than the sum of its parts. A network of European experiments at the CS level was set up recently, and aimed at sharing data and expertise to enhance knowledge of IPM. Comparison of existing methodologies highlighted a diversity of CS designs and experimental layouts. We deduced that the concept of CS itself was viewed differently among scientists, and this affected experimental protocols. Other differences were related to the research context and objectives. Some experiments aimed to explore very innovative strategies and generated knowledge on both their effects on the agroecosystem and their ability to satisfy a set of performance targets, while others aimed to provide quickly adoptable solutions for local farmers in line with the current socio-economic constraints. In some research programmes, the experiment was part of the CS design process — and tested CS were regularly revised based on an continuous improvement loop — while in other cases CS were kept stable across years so as to enable the evaluation of their long-term cumulative effects. A critical aspect contributing to the diversity among CS experiments was the distinction between a factorial design of experimental CS and systemic approaches: factorial experiments allowed quantification of the effects of each IPM component regardless of the consistency between components defining the CS. In contrast, systemic approaches focused on the overall evaluation of CS designed with consideration of their consistency, hence maximising their ability to meet the objectives. Because CS experiments represent a huge investment in terms of economics and time, preliminary reflections of the relevance of the experimental strategy is of critical importance. 相似文献