Comparison of 3 techniques for ureteroneocystostomy in cats

OBJECTIVE: To compare 3 techniques for ureteroneocystostomy in cats. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental surgical study. ANIMALS: Fifteen adult cats. METHODS: Cats (15) had ureteroneocystostomy with ureteronephrectomy of the contralateral kidney: 5 cats had an intravesical mucosal apposition technique (modified Leadbetter-Politano; intravesical-MA group), 5 cats had extravesical ureteroneocystostomy (modified Lich Gregoir) using a simple continuous suture pattern (extravesical-SC group) and 5 cats had an extravesical technique using a simple interrupted suture pattern (extravesical-SI group). Renal function was evaluated by measuring serum creatinine concentration. Ultrasonographic assessment of the kidney and ureteroneocystostomy site was performed the day after surgery, twice weekly for 3 weeks and once weekly for the remainder of the study. Cats were euthanatized 50 days after surgery. The kidney and ureter removed at surgery, the remaining kidney, ureter, ureteroneocystostomy site, and bladder were examined histologically. RESULTS: Two extravesical-SC cats were euthanatized because of azotemia and uroabdomen, and 1 died acutely at day 4 for unknown reasons. In the intravesical-MA and extravesical-SI cats, the serum creatinine concentration increased after surgery, peaking at a mean (+/-SD) of 9.4+/-2.4 mg/dL and 4.9+/-3.3 mg/dL on day 3, and decreasing to 3.4+/-5.7 mg/dL and 1.5+/-0.4 mg/dL on day 7, respectively. The extravesical-SI technique was associated with consistently lower serum creatinine concentrations for the first week after surgery compared with the other techniques. The mean serum creatinine concentration was within the reference range in cats in the intravesical-MA and extravesical-SI groups by days 10 and 5, respectively. Renal pelvic dilatation occurred in all cats but resolved more rapidly in cats after extravesical techniques. There was no significant difference in serum creatinine concentrations or renal pelvic dilation between the intravesical-MA and extravesical-SI techniques. Bladder mass height at the anastomosis site was significantly larger and persisted for longer with intravesical-MA technique. CONCLUSION: An extravesical-SI technique is seemingly the choice for ureteroneocystostomy in cats with undilated ureters. Renal pelvic dilation on ultrasound examination should be expected after ureteroneocystostomy in cats. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: An extravesical ureteroneocystostomy technique using a simple interrupted pattern for anastomosis should be considered in cats undergoing renal transplantation.     

鳜→鲤的细胞核移植

本文报道用细胞核移植的方法,获得了亲缘关系较远的不同目鱼类之间的核一质杂种鱼胚胎.即以鳜鱼的囊胚细胞核作供体,以鲤鱼的成熟未受精去核卵细胞质作为受体进行核移植试验,使囊胚细胞核发生分裂,从而启动卵细胞质也发生分裂,导致重新进行个体发育.在获得的112个正常发育的核移植卵中,发生卵裂的107个,占95.5%发育至囊胚期的61个,占54.5%,发育至原肠期的6个,占5.4%,发育至神经胚期和胚孔封闭期的各1个,分别占0.9%.鳜→鲤核质杂种胚胎类似鲤鱼同期胚胎,其早期发育速度与鲤鱼相似而比鳜鱼快.各杂种胚胎发育期的胚盘形状及大小均类似鲤鱼,大于鳜鱼同期胚盘,且胚盘细胞较多,但比鲤鱼胚盘细胞小,这是鳜→鲤核质杂种胚胎发育的一个显著特点.作者认为核-质杂种胚胎的性状发育,受核受体物种的母性影响控制.     

家蚕血液型脓病发生原因及防治方法

以河南省内乡县家蚕血液型脓病发生原因、防治方法进行分析探讨。     

桂花大树移植技术研究

在城市追求快速绿化的形势下,大树移植已成为一种常态,而集"绿化、美化、香化"于一身的桂花,更是成为了市场宠儿,为更好地利用好这些日益稀缺的桂花大树资源,掌握桂花大树移栽技术,对桂花大树移植的树源选择、起苗、运输、栽植与养护等多个环节进行了详细、系统的研究,以对市场的桂花大树移植提供技术参考。     

以鲁西黄牛为受体的高产奶牛胚胎移植研究

以自然发情的鲁西黄牛为受体,移植经性控技术生产的高产奶牛7日龄雌性冷冻胚胎,共移植合格受体牛5 516头,移植后60～80d进行直肠孕检,怀孕2 228头,移植准胎率为40.39％;共繁殖奶牛犊牛1346头,其中母牛1 279头,公牛67头,胚胎性别控制率为95.02％.左侧与右侧卵巢排卵移植准胎率分别为35.14％和43.15％,差异极显著(P＜0.01);春季与秋季的移植准胎率分别为36.93％和43.53％,秋季明显高于春季,差异极显著(P＜0.01);黄牛不同黄体级别A级、B级、C级的准胎率分别为39.16％、41.70％和33.42％,A级与B级移植准胎率差异不显著(P＞0.05),B级与C级移植准胎率差异极显著(P＜0.01);移植单胚与双胚的受体牛准胎率分别为40.73％和38.24％,差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

圣诞树组培苗移植试验

运用正交试验的方法研究不同炼苗时间、遮阳网遮光率、基质以及不同移植月份对圣诞树组培苗移植效果的影响.结果表明,炼苗时间为10 d、遮阳网遮光率为70%、基质为泥炭土:黄心土(2∶1)、移植月份为4月的处理圣诞树移植效果最好,成活率可达97.2%,苗高达11.1 cm.     

Echinacoside promotes bone regeneration by increasing OPG/RANKL ratio in MC3T3-E1 cells

Echinacoside (ECH), isolated from Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) R. Wight stems, was subjected to in vitro experiments to investigate its bioactivities on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1. MTT assay, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition were determined, and the secretion of collagen I (COL I), osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were also assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that ECH caused a significant increase in cell proliferation, ALP activity, COL I contents, OCN levels and an enhancement of mineralization in osteoblasts at the concentration range from 0.01 to 10 nmol·L^− 1 (p < 0.05), suggesting that ECH has a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation or has potential activity against osteoporosis. In addition, the ratio of OPG/RANKL also could be enhanced by ECH. These findings provide the potent evidence that ECH can promote bone regeneration in cultured osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, which might be done by elevating the OPG/RANKL ratio, and potential evidence for echinacoside to be a promising drug or a lead compound in the development of disease-modifying drug to prevent osteoporosis.     

华北驼绒藜育苗移栽技术研究

干旱地区华北驼绒藜育苗移栽是提高建植成活率的有效途径。利用生根粉、保水剂及清水浸泡及剪根等处理,对不同株龄和移栽不同时期的华北驼绒藜成活率进行了对比试验研究。结果表明,春季移栽成活率为72．6％。秋季为90．3％,药剂处理能够有效提高成活率。     

Effect of calf death loss on cloned cattle herd derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer: Clones with congenital defects would be removed by the death loss

To increase public understanding on cloned cattle derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), the present review describes the effect of calf death loss on an SCNT cattle herd. The incidence of death loss in SCNT cattle surviving more than 200 days reached the same level as that in conventionally bred cattle. This process could be considered as removal of SCNT cattle with congenital defects caused by calf death loss. As a result of comparative studies of SCNT cattle and conventionally bred cattle, the substantial equivalences in animal health status, milk and meat productive performance have been confirmed. Both sexes of SCNT cattle surviving to adulthood were fertile and their reproductive performance, including efficiency of progeny production, was the same as that in conventionally bred cattle. The presence of substantial equivalence between their progeny and conventionally bred cattle also existed. Despite these scientific findings, the commercial use of food products derived from SCNT cattle and their progeny has not been allowed by governments for reasons including the lack of public acceptance of these products and the low efficiency of animal SCNT. To overcome this situation, communication of the low risk of SCNT technology and research to improve SCNT efficiency are required.