湘春豆25号秋播高产栽培技术研究

为提高特早熟春大豆湘春豆25号的秋播增产潜力,采用三元二次回归正交旋转组合设计,研究了种植密度、苗前期施复合肥、苗后期施尿素等3个主要栽培因子对湘春豆25号秋播产量的影响.结果表明:种植密度(x1)、苗前期施复合肥(x2)两因子对产量有显著影响,苗后期施尿素(x3)主效不显著,与x1,x2互作显著;湘春豆25号翻秋种植适合高密度、高肥力水平下栽培;中等肥力土壤上栽培,产量2400kg/hm2以上的优化农艺模式有39个,其主要决策因素取值范围:种植密度57.58~61.51万株/hm2,苗前期施复合肥316.8~427.65kg/hm2,苗后期施尿素202.44~284.34kg/hm2.     

Soy protein concentrate as a substitute for fish meal in diets for juvenile Acanthopagrus schlegelii: effects on growth,phosphorus discharge and digestive enzyme activity

The current high demand and cost of fish meal (FM) necessities the evaluation of alternative plant protein ingredients in diets of farmed marine fish. A 56‐day feeding trial was performed to study the effects of replacement of FM with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets of Acanthopagrus schlegelii. Diets were prepared at levels of 0%, 30%, 47.5%, 65%, 82.5% and 100% SPC, respectively, replacing FM. The results indicated no significant differences (p > .05) in % weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate of fish fed S30% to S82.5% diets compared with the control diet while, further inclusion at 100% significantly depressed growth performance. SPC inclusion and phytase supplementation significantly affected the phosphorous discharge (P‐load) showing lowest value (3.83 ± 0.53 g/kg WG) in S100% compared to control (14.79 ± 0.37 g/kg WG) and in fish fed S30% diet (13.24 ± 0.89 g/kg WG) (p < .05). The results of this study showed that FM could be substituted up to 82.5% by SPC in the diet of Acanthopagrus schlegelii fingerlings (5.53 ± 0.12 g) without any adverse effects. Phytase supplementation SPC based diets could be effective in reducing the phosphorus load in the aquatic culture environment.     

Can fermented soybean meal and squid by‐product blend be used as fishmeal replacements for Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)?

An experiment was carried out to evaluate fermented soybean meal and squid by‐product blend (1:1) (FP) as replacement of fishmeal (FM) for Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Five isocaloric (19 kJ g^?1) diets were prepared by replacing 0 (FP0), 12 (FP12), 24 (FP24), 36 (FP36) and 48% (FP48) FM protein with FP. Triplicate groups of juveniles (mean weight of 3.9 g) were delivered the test diets for 8 weeks in a flow‐through sea water system. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among the growth rates of fish fed FP0, FP12, FP24 and FP36 diets. Growth and nutrient utilization parameters were significantly reduced in fish fed FP48 diet. Although, whole body proximate composition of fish were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments compared to the control; methionine and phenylalanine contents were significantly decreased in FP48 group. Protein retention was also significantly decreased in the similar group of fish. Dietary treatments did not alter most of the plasma metabolites, while some of the health parameters were improved in the replacement groups. Results suggested that FP is a potential candidate for alternative protein ingredient in aquafeed and can replace 36% FM protein in the diet of Japanese flounder.     

栽培因子对大豆生长发育及群体产量的影响Ⅰ. 播期、密度、行株距(配置方式)对产量的影响

通过5年10项次的系列试验,研究了影响大豆产量的栽培因子的单因素、多因素对大豆器官生长发育和群体产量的影响,分析了栽培因子的实施效应。播期、密度、行株距配置试验研究结果表明:一般夏大豆品种较早播种,生长稳健,分枝、有效荚数和单株粒重增加,有利于高产;不同株型类型品种的适宜密度有显著差异,主茎型>分枝紧凑型>分枝松散型,在适宜密度条件下均可达到较高产量水平;缩小行距,有利于增加群体数量,叶面积指数增加;适当增加株距,有利于改善单株生育状况和后期透光条件,提高单株生产力。因此,夏大豆产区实现田间最佳分布措施是缩小行距,扩大株距。     

豆制品中胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性测定方法研究

利用紫外分光光度计，对豆制品中胰蛋白酶抑制剂在抑制牛胰蛋白酶活性反应前后的吸光值差异制作差值曲线，从而得出斜率与抑制剂活性之间关系的方法。并通过反复的实验对比，最终可以快速准确地测定大豆制品中胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性。     

黑龙江省大豆产业发展的方向与策略

黑龙江省发展优质大豆产业化生产,具备天时、地利、人和的有利条件,建设优质大豆产业化生产基地、发展大豆经济,在发展方向上要抓住“一个为主、三个面向”,在发展策略上要抓住“三张王牌”和“两个一起抓”,在具体措施上要发挥“两个优势”、建设“两个基地”、实现“两个改变”、做到“两个加强”。     

转TaDREB3基因大豆基因漂流距离及频率的研究

为明确转基因大豆的种植及生态安全性,将导入抗逆基因TaDREB3的转基因大豆T4代播种于大田,周围种植非转基因对照,收获转基因大豆周围不同距离的非转基因大豆种子.经过连续2a的田间及盆栽试验,通过除草剂草丁膦的筛选和分子检测等手段,研究了转TaDREB3基因大豆的基因漂流距离及漂流频率.结果表明:在三叶期整株喷洒75 ...     

大豆主要过敏原Gly m Bd30K蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与应用

利用大豆主要过敏原Gly m Bd 30K蛋白抗原表位蛋白为免疫原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取免疫小鼠脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤NS-1细胞融合.采用半固体培养基法和有限稀释法相结合的方法快速筛选获得稳定分泌的特异性杂交瘤细胞,用杂交瘤细胞株诱生小鼠腹水,应用蛋白A亲和层析法进行抗体纯化.采用Ig类与亚类鉴定试剂盒鉴定该单克隆抗体...     

2002-2004年国家大豆区试品种对大豆花叶病毒抗性的评价

在接种东北大豆产区SMV主要株系N1、N3和黄淮与南方大豆产区SMV株系Sa、SC3条件下,对最新育成的参加2002-2004年国家大豆区试的134个大豆品种进行了抗性评价,结果表明:接种4个株系后,分别有13个品种(东农L13、汾豆56、汾豆60、汾豆61、晋大74、K丰52-1、航天2号、辽03-20、辽95025-5-4、中作2-29、中豆32、科9208、油春32)和5个品种(铁95025-5-5、铁94037-6、汾豆69、冀99、冀鉴27)分别对4个株系和3个株系表现抗侵染,中黄4、中作016、吉林2001-14等25个品种对1-2个株系表现抗侵染;5个品种(公交03-1212、冀鉴37、秦豆9、淮02-02、滑豆20)对4个株系表现抗扩展.以上品种除可用于生产外,还可作为抗SMV育种的抗源.该批参试品种中,黄淮地区品种的平均病情指数最轻,其次是东北地区品种,然后长江流域,华南地区品种的病情最重.从不同类型品种的病情分析,按黄淮夏大豆、北方春大豆、南方夏大豆、南方春大豆、菜用大豆、热带多熟制大豆的顺序逐步加重.在田间条件下,免疫品种数量不多,占参试品种的7.9%,严重度为1级的高抗品种占47.5%,未发现严重度为4级的高感品种,表明多数品种田间抗性较好.     

SSR标记对野生大豆种群遗传结构的研究

使用40对SSR引物分析了8个省区天然野生大豆种群的遗传结构和遗传多样性.结果表明:15个种群共检测到633个等位基因,平均每对引物等位变异基因数平均值15.83个;种群平均Shannon指数(Ⅰ)0.7835,种群平均期望杂合度(He)0.4070,种群平均观察杂合度(Ho)0.0012,平均种群内遗传多样度(Hs)...