带有可乘白噪音的广义G i n z b u r g - L a n d a u方程的随机吸引子

主要证明随机的广义Ginzburg-Landau方程的解生成一个随机动力系统,该动力系统在L2中存在紧的随机吸引子.     

REPEATABILITY OF A PLANNING TARGET VOLUME EXPANSION PROTOCOL FOR RADIATION THERAPY OF REGIONAL LYMPH NODES IN CANINE AND FELINE PATIENTS WITH HEAD TUMORS

For canine and feline patients with head tumors, simultaneous irradiation of the primary tumor and mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes (LNs) is often indicated. The purpose of this study was to assess the repeatability of a planning target volume (PTV) expansion protocol for these LNs. Two CT image sets from 44 dogs and 37 cats that underwent radiation therapy for head tumors were compared to determine LN repositioning accuracy and precision; planning‐CT (for radiation therapy planning) and cone‐beam CT (at the time of actual treatment sessions). Eleven percent of dogs and 65% of cats received treatment to their LNs. In dogs, the mandibular LNs were positioned more caudally (P = 0.0002) and the right mandibular and right retropharyngeal LNs were positioned more to the left side of the patient (P = 0.00015 and P = 0.003, respectively). In cats, left mandibular LN was positioned higher (toward roof) than the planning‐CT (P = 0.028). In conclusion, when the patient immobilization devices and bony anatomy matching are used to align the primary head target and these LNs are treated simultaneously, an asymmetrical PTV expansion that ranges 4–9 mm (dogs) and 2–4 mm (cats), depending on the directions of couch movement, should be used to include the LNs within the PTV at least 95% of the time.     

木工宽带砂光机噪声传播声压等值线图制作方法新探

为了提高现场测试的效率和数据的准确度,该文提出了一种基于噪声衰减原理而建立虚拟噪声源的方法.利用该方法,可以根据有限的实际测量数据,对实际测点周边的噪声值进行预测计算,绘制噪声传播线图,过程简便,结果一目了然.通过该方法计算的预测噪声值与实际值进行比较,验证了该方法的精度和可行性,比较客观地反映了区域噪声污染现状和噪声污染在区域内的变化情况,为砂光机等多噪声源的现场环境噪声测试提供了新方法     

减压阀噪声研究进展

为了全面深刻理解减压阀噪声的具体生成过程及现有研究基础,分析了减压阀内噪声产生的机理,总结了目前国内外减压阀噪声的研究方法,并从来源降噪和传播降噪两方面回顾了国内外降噪技术的研究现状.经过分析总结,探讨了目前研究存在的主要问题：减压阀内流动复杂、旋涡流动发生位置不明确和高速射流相互作用的影响不确定等;指出未来方向应在综合理论分析、试验研究和数值模拟的基础上,确定减压阀内噪声源位置并分析噪声指向性,明确降噪机理,进而研究降噪技术,实现根源降噪.未来对减压阀噪声的控制应从流动机理和结构创新同时着手,进而推出一套普适性低噪声阀门设计理论.研究减压阀内噪声可以为有效并针对性地降低噪声提供可靠依据.     

基于改进强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波的饵料动态称重算法

投饵是虾塘养殖中的重要环节,获取剩余饵料重量是实现精准投饵的关键。为解决在投饵过程中由环境、系统自身等因素引起的剩余饵料称重不准确问题,提出了一种适用于投饵船饵料动态称重的自适应强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波算法(SHFL-ASTUKF)。首先,建立称重系统的二阶模型,并对量测结果进行滤波。然后,在渐消因子快速引入的基础上,使用奇异值分解替换Cholesky分解处理误差协方差问题。同时,结合模糊控制算法和Sage-Husa自适应滤波,自适应更新量测噪声协方差和系统噪声协方差,从而抑制滤波过程中的发散情况。对SHFL-ASTUKF进行实例数据仿真和实验验证,结果表明,与强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波相比,实例数据仿真中,RMSE提高了14.9%,投饵船剩余饵料称重实验中RMSE平均提高了15.15%,MAE提高17.27%,所提出的算法具有更高的动态测量精度和更好的降噪效果。     

一种改进的CRLP最大许用操作压力设计方法

与传统管线钢管相比,复合材料增强管线钢管(CompositeReinforcedLinePipe,CRLP)具有承压能力高和质量轻等优势,但对其压力设计的研究尚不充分。CSAZ662-2015《油气管道系统》和GB/T35185—2017《石油天然气工业用复合材料增强管线钢管》中最大许用操作压力的设计思路不同,且设计结果差别较大。针对此问题,基于组合薄壁圆筒模型对承压CRLP进行分析,对最大许用操作压力下材料的名义许用应力和真实许用应力进行了区分,进而导出真实许用应力的显式表达形式,并以此作为设计安全裕度的评价指标。分析表明:现有规范和标准中的设计公式均无法保证管线钢和复合材料的真实许用应力为常量,对应两种设计方法,各组分材料的真实许用应力均随CRLP规格差异而发生变化,并且随着试压/预应力处理的历程而改变。基于上述分析和CRLP极限状态下的承载特征,提出一种改进的压力设计方法。新方法优先保证复合材料的真实许用应力为常量,并可由设计系数直接确定;在最大许用操作压力的计算中,考虑了加载历程的影响,物理意义明确。算例表明,其设计安全裕度较现有方法更为合理,对于CRLP压力设计的改进有参考价值。     

保持金边虎尾兰金边不消失的繁殖方法

金边虎尾兰的金边属于嵌合体彩斑，叶插繁殖易使其金边消失。根据相关文献和实践经验，介绍了保持金边虎尾兰金边不消失的4种繁殖方法，其中根状茎扦插是一种新的繁殖方法。     

Bats adjust temporal parameters of echolocation pulses but not those of communication calls in response to traffic noise

Many studies based on acute short‐term noise exposure have demonstrated that animals can adjust their vocalizations in response to ambient noise. However, the effects of chronic noise over a relatively long time scale of multiple days remain largely unclear. Bats rely mainly on acoustic signals for perception of environmental and social communication. Nearly all previous studies on noise‐induced vocal adjustments have focused on echolocation pulse sounds. Relatively little is known regarding the effects of noise on social communication calls. Here, we examined the dynamic changes in the temporal parameters of echolocation and communication vocalizations of Vespertilio sinensis when exposed to traffic noise over multiple days. We found that the bats started to modify their echolocation vocalizations on the fourth day of noise exposure, with an increase of 42–91% in the total number of pulse sequences per day. Under noisy conditions, the number of pulses within a pulse sequence decreased by an average of 17.2%, resulting in a significantly slower number of pulses/sequence (P < 0.001). However, there was little change in the duration of a pulse sequence. These parameters were not significantly adjusted in most communication vocalizations under the noise condition (all P > 0.05), except that the duration decreased and the number of syllables/sequences increased in 1 type of communicative vocalization (P < 0.05). This study suggests that bats routinely adjust temporal parameters of echolocation but rarely of communication vocalizations in response to noise condition.     

Aerodynamic sound and self-excited vibration of circular saw with step thickness I: Comparison of dynamic characteristics between the common circular saw and the circular saw with step thickness

The natural frequencies, aerodynamic noise, whistling noise, and self-excited vibration between the common circular saw with uniform thickness and the circular saw with step thickness (thin on its outer part and thick on its inner part) were researched during idling. The natural frequencies of the circular saw with step thickness increased with an increase in the thickness and in the radius of the thick part. The frequencies of the circular saws with step thickness (thick at the inner part) were higher than that of the thin circular saw with a uniform thickness of 0.5mm. The aerodynamic sound pressure level induced from circular saw teeth increased with an increase in the tooth thickness. The whistling noise and self-excited vibration easily occurred in the thick circular saws (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5mm). The whistling sound pressure level and the vibration amplitude increased with an increase in the thickness of the saw. None of the designed circular saws with step thickness generated whistling noises or self-excited vibration during idling.Part of this report was presented at the 45th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society at Tokyo, April 1995 and the 12th International Wood Machining Seminar at Kyoto, October 1995