论甘南高原生态建设与可持续发展战略

简述了甘南高原区的自然地理特点,分析了甘南高原区的主要生态环境问题及其成因;指出甘南高原的生态地位十分重要,其生态环境严重恶化的状况已直接威胁到本区域乃至黄河、长江流域社会经济的可持续发展,大力开展生态保护与生态建设已刻不容缓,提出了甘南高原区生态保护、生态建设与可持续发展的对策建议。     

同期发情及腹腔内窥镜输精技术在肉羊产业化中的推广应用

同期发情及腹腔内窥镜输精技术在肉羊产业中的广泛应用,对于改变肉羊产业的生产方式及经济结构,达到一年两产或两年三产的目的具有重要意义。在繁殖及非繁殖季节对内蒙古地区当地杂交羊进行了同期发情及腹腔内窥镜输精处理。结果表明,繁殖季节与非繁殖季节的发情率均在93%以上,差异不显著;对部分具有小尾寒羊血统的杂交羊同期发情处理后的第6天进行手术检查黄体,其排卵率分别为2.45个/只和1.68个/只。在受胎率方面,腹腔内窥镜输精的受胎率显著高于常规法人工授精的受胎率。     

海北州草业可持续发展调研

本文通过对海北州草业发展现状的调研,进一步分析了当前草业发展存在的问题和困难,提出了今后发展草业的思路和建议。     

对咸阳市畜禽粪便污染环境问题的初探

对咸阳地区的畜禽养殖状况,畜禽粪便的污染程度,畜禽粪便治理的现状与存在的问题,提出了治理的措施及治理后的前景,以期为政府部门在研究制定咸阳市规范时提供考虑。     

Assessing Knowledge Production for Agrosilvopastoral Systems in South America

In recent decades agroforestry has undergone significant development in Latin America. South America generates the most scientific research on the topic in the region. We conducted a comprehensive review and analysis of knowledge production for South American agroforestry that includes livestock grazing, known as agrosilvopastoralism (AS), examining how different sociopolitical factors such as sources of funding, institutional priorities, and international cooperation can bias the direction and objectives of scientific research. We assessed the major attributes of scientific publications on the topic (25 articles per country; overall n = 210) and the potential factors underlying the processes of research and development in the region. The tree component was the most studied, while the livestock component received less attention. Studies were mainly focused on the production of goods and services (monetary or nonmonetary approaches), except in Brazil, where conservation was the major study objective. Stakeholders were involved in more than half of the studies (60%), and they were mostly ranchers and local producers. More than half (70%) of the studies offered recommendations based on their results, and such recommendations were mostly concerned with the management of agrosilvopastoral system components. In general, studies were led just as often by local as foreign first authors and coauthored by more than three people as part of interinstitutional working groups. Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile had more frequent cooperation among institutions and countries but mainly used their own funding. In contrast, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru had almost 100% of their studies supported by foreign countries (North America and Europe). Countries with greater internal funding of research generated more long-term studies. Besides this, two clear trends were detected: 1) conservation and social aspects were mainly supported by sources from external countries led by foreign principal investigators, and 2) production issues were supported from sources within countries and supported high levels of cooperation among institutions.     

3个产地板蓝根多糖作用的比较研究

通过小鼠吞噬试验、脾淋巴细胞增殖试验和最低抑菌与最低杀菌浓度的检测,对不同产地板蓝根多糖功能进行比较研究。结果表明,3个产地板蓝根多糖均使小鼠吞噬能力增强,并协同促进淋巴细胞增殖,具有一定的杀菌和抑菌效果。     

伪狂犬病毒GDSH株的分离鉴定及gE基因的序列分析

从广东四会某猪场分离到一株疑为猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)的病毒,病毒在猪肾细胞上出现细胞变圆、拉网、融合等典型病变,并具有细胞泛嗜性特点。在MDCK细胞上测得其TCID50值为10-8/0.1mL,能被伪狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清中和。将0.1mL病毒液接种小鼠后发生奇痒并麻痹致死,接种猪3天后发病,7天死亡,从攻毒病死猪的脑组织病理切片上观察到典型的病毒性脑膜脑炎及血管套现象。通过PCR扩增到PRVgD基因,由此进一步证明所分离病毒为猪伪狂犬病毒,并命名为GDSH株。根据GenBank中发表的序列,设计一对扩增PRVgE基因的特异性引物,建立可以区分PRV野毒株与疫苗株的PCR诊断方法。以此方法对病毒的细胞培养液进行检测,结果证实所分毒株为PRV野毒株,经克隆测序后与GenBank收录的其它PRVgE基因序列进行比较,发现所测毒株的核苷酸序列与其它PRV毒株的同源性介于98.3%～99.9%之间,其中与PRVEa株的亲缘关系最近为99.9%。     

Survey and Analysis of Common Diseases of Laboratory Monkeys in Kunming Area

Survey and analysis of common diseases of laboratory monkeys are great significance to understand disease epidemiology, and formulate a set of scientific and reasonable measures for prevention and control disease, to improve the quantity and quality of laboratory monkeys, to ensure the accuracy of the animal experiment results. Through the investigation of the sick and dead animals of a large-scale laboratory monkeys breeding facility in Kunming area in 2014, the animals were classified depends on the main diseases, and the diseases were classified according to adult and juvenile animals, data were analyzed by Excel Office 2010 software. The results showed the common diseases of laboratory monkeys included the digestive system, respiratory system, trauma, reproductive system, and locomotor system disease, which were 47.45%, 13.06%, 12.10%, 11.46% and 8.92% separately; Common diseases included diarrhoea, soft tissue injuries, abortion, lobar pneumonia, dysentery, arthritis, intestinal pneumatosis, chronic colitis, and extreme bad nutrition, the ratio were 18.47%, 11.15%, 8.91%, 8.28%, 8.28%, 7.96%, 5.10%, 5.10% and 5.09% separately. Comprehensive analysis of common diseases and disease occurrence causes of the laboratory monkeys, suggesting that providing better quality laboratory monkeys for scientific research only by constantly improving the scientific breeding management level, constantly strengthening veterinary capacity, mastering the theoretical knowledge and scientific diagnosis method.     

草原综合顺序分类法的新改进：Ⅰ类的划分指标及其分类检索图

根据全国２３５２个气象站３０年以上的气候资料以及其他资料，对草原的综合顺序分类法第一级分类的热量级，湿润度级指标进行了修正，设计了新的分类检索图，将地带性和非地带性的天然草地，以及人工草地的类，纳入到统一的检索图的中，并可进行计算机检索。