硅对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗根系质膜、液泡膜酶活性的影响

研究硅对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长及根细胞质膜H^＋-ATPase、液泡膜H^＋-ATPase、H^＋-PPase和Ca^2＋-ATPase活性的影响。结果表明：盐胁迫严重抑制黄瓜幼苗生长,根细胞质膜H^＋-ATPase、液泡膜H^＋-ATPase、H^＋-PPase和Ca^2＋-ATPase活性明显降低。硅处理明显提高盐胁迫黄瓜根液泡膜H^＋-ATPase、H^＋-PPase、Ca^2＋-ATPase活性,一定程度上维持了液泡膜质子泵活性,有效地防御了细胞质酸化,这可能是硅提高黄瓜耐盐性的一个重要因素。     

非1B/1R类型小麦雄性不育系KTSP3314A败育的生化机制

为了揭示K型非1B/1R类型小麦不育系雄性败育的生化机制。利用K型非1B/1R类型小麦雄性不育系KTSP3314A,其同型保持系TSP3314B,以K型1B/1R类型小麦雄性不育系K3314A、其同型保持系3314B为对照,分别对其叶片和穗子在不同发育时期的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化进行测定。结果表明,K型非1B/1R类型小麦不育系中SOD,POD及CAT活性变化与K型1B/1R类型小麦雄性不育系酶活性变化一致,K型非1B/1R类型雄性不育小麦叶片和穗子的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)后期则较低,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性后期较高,丙二醛(MDA)含量后期较高。说明二者的雄性败育生化机制基本一致,但前者比后者败育的时期较晚。且超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与雄性育性有关。     

Genome-wide development of interspecific microsatellite markers for Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum spontaneum

Sugarcane has a large, complex, polyploid genome that has hindered the progress of genomic research and molecular marker-assisted selection. The user-friendly SSR markers have attracted considerable attention owing to their ideal genetic attributes. However, these markers were not characterized and developed at the genome-wide scale due to the previously lacking high-quality chromosome-level assembled sugarcane genomes. In this present study, 744 305and 361 638 candidate SSRs were identified fro...     

三组混配农药防治桑蓟马、桑粉虱效果试验

为筛选高效、低毒、低残留农药混配,进行三组混配农药防治桑蓟马、桑粉虱效果试验。结果表明,混配农药20%佳禾定1000倍＋10%大功臣10g/666.7m^2、80%敌敌畏1000倍＋10%大功臣10g/666.7m^2、5%锐劲特1000倍＋10%大功臣10g/666.7m^2对桑蓟马、桑粉虱具有较好的防效,药后1d防治效果为80%以上,药后3d防治效果达98%以上。     

云南烟叶可持续发展规范(STP)推广成效与启示

可持续发展是烟草行业现代化的发展方向,也是增强烟草行业核心竞争力的重要主题。笔者分析了2017—2020年云南省烟叶可持续发展规范(STP)的实施情况及对云南烟叶出口量的影响,总结了领导机制的建设、专项资金的灵活使用、人才队伍的建设、数字化管理平台的构建方面的主要做法。认为云南STP的实施间接地影响了全省烟叶安全性、生产方式及生产管理理念,云南烟叶出口适销率逐年上升。结合云南烟叶生产实际,为保障STP生产管理的有效实施,提出建立STP行业标准、强化劳动用工规范、推进质量追溯、以绿色销售拉动绿色生产。     

IAA、GA和ABA对葡萄果实~(14)C蔗糖输入与代谢的调控

将　14 C蔗糖与激素IAA、GA和ABA同时通过果柄引入离体葡萄果实 ,研究了蔗糖积累代谢与激素的关系。结果表明 :①GA在幼果膨大期 ,IAA在果实始熟期以前 ,ABA从缓慢生长期到果实成熟 ,对蔗糖的吸收有明显促进效果。②GA与IAA在果实发育前期 (第Ⅰ、Ⅱ期 )可促进　14 C蔗糖转化为非醇溶性结构物 ;ABA则在成熟期表现出类似的作用。③IAA、GA与ABA在幼果膨大期可促进糖分转化为有机酸 ,但在缓慢生长期都抑制这一过程 ,抑制效果以ABA最显著 ,IAA其次 ,GA最小。成熟期糖分占醇溶物的 85 %～ 91% ,不同激素处理的差异不明显。ABA可促进各个时期果实中氨基酸的合成。④IAA可加快蔗糖分解为还原糖 ;GA增加果糖积累 ;ABA处理的果实蔗糖含量最高 ,推测ABA直接刺激了果肉维管束的蔗糖卸载。     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase and arterial pressure regulation

AIM and METHODS:To clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of blood pressure,in the present study, we examined the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of iNOS on the hemodinamical response of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant (DR) rats to low (0.3%) or high (8%) sodium chloride (NaCl) infusion by chronical in vivo hemodynamic experiment, and the effect of NaCl or NaCl plus AG infusion on urinary nitrate (NO₃)/nitrite (NO₂), the end product of nitric oxide (NO), excretion by Greiss Reaction. Furthermore, NOS activity assay was also carried out to probe the effect of NaCl and AG on calcium-dependent or independent NOS activity in renal tissue. RESULTS:1. High or low NaCl-infused DR rats and low NaCl-infused DS rats have no hemodinamical response to AG, however, the hypertensive effect of high NaCl (8%) infusion on DS rats were greatly amplified by co-infusion of AG. 2. Administration of high NaCl significantly elevated the iNOS activity of renal tissue, and greatly increased urinary NO₃/NO₂ excretion. CONCLUSION:Inducible NOS is an important modulator of arterial pressure, especially in case of higher blood pressure.     

Interleukin-1β inhibits AKT to down-regulate eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM To investigate whether interleukin-1β （IL-1β） regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） phosphorylation at Ser1177 site in human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs）, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS The HUVECs were randomly divided into normal control group, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） group, IL-1β group, IL-6 group, SC79 ［protein kinase B （PKB/AKT） specific agonist］ group and SC79+IL-1β group. Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of eNOS, p-eNOS-Ser1177, AKT and p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs. Chemical colorimetry was used to detect the nitric oxide （NO） content in the culture medium of HUVECs. RESULTS No statistically significant difference of p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in HUVECs treated with TNF-α and IL-6 was observed as compared with normal control group （P>0.05）, while the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in the HUVECs and the content of NO in the culture medium of HUVECs decreased significantly in IL-1β group （P<0.05）, and the protein level of p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs was decreased as compared with normal control group （P<0.05）. The AKT agonist SC79 blocked the down-regulation effect of IL-1β on p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in the HUVECs and NO content in the culture medium of HUVECs （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION IL-1β down-regulates the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in HUVECs and affects the activity of eNOS, which may be involved in AKT/eNOS signaling pathway.     

用原生质体融合进行冬菇育种的研究

用灭活的〔Flammulinasubnudus (Pr .)Sing〕双核菌株原生质体与〔Flammulinavelutipes (Fr.)Sing〕双核菌株原生质体融合 ,在 2 2℃的条件下筛选得融合子。融合频率为 0× 10 -5～ 4 1× 10 -5。融合子与双亲有明显的拮抗性。融合子的菌丝体形态 ,氨基酸含量 ,子实体的形态 ,以及酸性磷酸酶的测定都与双亲不同。     

河北辣椒

通过介绍河北省独特的气候、地理优势,河北辣椒的栽培历史、生产现状和主要栽培方式,以及辣椒研究和育种方面所取得的成绩,使人们对河北辣椒有一个较全面的认识,达到相互了解,相互学习的目的。