白桦插穗生根的内源激素和营养物质

分析了白桦嫩枝扦插生根过程中插穗内源激素和营养物质含量变化 ,以及生根促进剂等处理对内源激素和营养水平的影响 ,结果表明 :在生根过程中IAA、ABA和可溶性糖含量变化明显 ,可用IAA/ABA的比值作为衡量白桦插穗生根能力的指标。生根促进剂在根原基孕育期间能显著增加IAA和ZR含量 ,减少ABA和GA4的含量。IAA/ABA和可溶性糖含量随母树年龄的增加而减少 ,不同年龄母树插穗的生根能力与总氮关系不密切 ,而主要决定于可溶性糖水平。无性系间IAA/ABA存在明显差异。插穗留 1片叶时生根率高 ,其插穗的IAA/ABA、可溶性糖及C/N均高     

3个品种紫斑牡丹胚培养及幼苗生长的探究

为了探讨出适用于不同栽培环境的紫斑牡丹快繁体系,满足紫斑牡丹日益增长的市场化与商业化需求。本研究以3种不同栽培环境下的紫斑牡丹(Paeonia rockii)-‘雪莲’、‘蓝荷’和‘粉荷’的种子为试验材料,以正交试验的极差分析和方差分析研究在不同浓度激素配比下3个品种紫斑牡丹离体种胚萌发及生根状况,筛选出最佳激素配比的培养基。结果表明:(1)在胚培养的启动阶段,6-BA的最适浓度为0.5 mg/L,水解乳蛋白(LH)比水解酪蛋白(CH)更适合于离体胚的萌发,得出最适3种不同栽培环境紫斑牡丹启动培养的最佳激素配比组合的培养基为B5+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 g/L LH;(2)在无菌苗生根阶段,影响紫斑牡丹生根的各因素主次顺序为:AC>6-BA>IBA>IAA,各因素的优水平为:AC为0.5 g/L,6-BA为0.5 mg/L,IBA为2.0 mg/L,IAA为2.0 mg/L,适合于紫斑牡丹3个品种无菌苗生根的最佳外源激素浓度配比的培养基是1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L6-BA+2.0 mg/L IAA+2.0 mg/L IBA+0.5 g/L AC;(3)紫斑牡丹3个品种之间离体胚的萌发及生根均差异性不显著(p>0.05),但总体来看的表现情况为雪莲>蓝荷>粉荷,这可能与栽培环境有关。     

“龙榛1号”杂交榛根蘖育苗生根过程中营养物质的变化

以“龙榛1号”杂交榛根蘖为试材,利用(500、750、1 000、1 250mg·L^-1)IBA、ABT和GGR处理根蘖基部,研究了激素及浓度处理对根蘖育苗生根的影响,以期探讨生根过程中营养物质含量的动态变化。结果表明:不同激素处理中以1 000mg·L^-1 IBA处理的生根效果最好,生根率平均87.92%,一级侧根数量、长度和粗度显著地高于其它处理和对照。在生根过程中,IBA处理的根蘖基部可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量呈“下降-上升-下降”的趋势,在不定根形成期达到峰值;而全氮含量变化为先上升后下降,含量整体低于对照;C/N比值的变化呈先下降后上升趋势。IBA处理枝条可促进可溶性糖的积累,降低全氮含量,提高C/N比值,有利于诱导根原基和不定根的形成。     

葡萄抗寒性与韧皮部糖分及内源激素积累的相关性

在大田环境下,以5个抗寒性不同的葡萄品种为试材,利用抗寒性评价模型对5个品种进行抗寒性排序,利用高效液相色谱法测定不同时期枝条韧皮部可溶性糖及内源激素的含量.研究抗寒性与不同时期枝条韧皮部可溶性糖及内源激素含量的相关性.结果 表明,5个葡萄品种抗寒性依次为'左山1号'＞'101-14'＞'3309C'＞'SO4'＞'黑...     

Thyroid hormones modulate the hypothalamo–hypophyseal–gonadal axis in teleosts: Molecular insights

Reproduction in fishes is influenced by thyroid hormones at various levels of gonadal cell differentiation and steroidogenesis. Thyroid hormones have recently also emerged as an important modulator of season- and photoperiod-dependent variations in the reproductive cycle with a possible effect on the hypothalamo–hypophyseal axis and pineal interactions. This review describes the current status of thyroid hormone research in relation to reproduction, with special emphasis on contributions to this field by Indian researchers including our laboratory. Evidence is provided for the multifocal action of thyroid hormones at various levels of the hypothalamo–hypophyseal–gonadal axis affecting reproduction. The underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms pertaining to thyroid hormone modulation of reproduction, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) synthesis and release, androgen and gonadotropin receptor expression, gonadotropin (GTH) expression, and tissue sensitivity to GTHs are highlighted with relevant discussions of the current technical limitations, applications, and future perspectives of research in this field.     

螺旋环剥对‘糯米糍’荔枝坐果与碳水化合物及激素的影响

研究结果表明,幼‘糯米滋’荔枝主要螺旋环剥能减少碳水化合物向根系转运,从而增加叶片和果实中的碳水化合物含量,增多果实中赤霉素类物质和降低脱落酸类物质含量。坐果率的提高与赤霉素／脱落酸的比值较高关系密切。     

Changes in thyroid hormone levels in eggs and larvae and in iodide uptake by eggs of coho and chinook salmon,Oncorhynchus kisutsch andO. tschawytscha

Developmental profiles of thyroxin (T₄), triiodothyronine (T₃) and radioactive iodide uptake were established for eggs and T₄ and T₃ profiles were established for larvae (whole-body, yolk-only and body-only) of coho and chinook salmon. T₄ and T₃ were consistently present in all samples. In eggs, hormone levels remained fairly constant in all cohorst for at least the first three weeks of incubation, but then fluctuated in both directions in some sample groups. Large increases in T₄ (from 9 ng/g to 245 ng/g) were seen in 1985 chinook eggs 28 days after fertilization. Radioactive iodide uptake (which was used as a possible indicator of thyroxinogenesis) increased at least 10-fold in both 1986 coho and chinook eggs from 23–30 days after fertilization. T₄ (62 ng/g) and T₃ (393 ng/g) were found in the bodies of 28-day-old 1986 chinook embryos. In whole larvae, hormone levels varied depending upon the cohort studied. In general, initial body-only concentrations of both T₄ and T₃ decreased as body weight increased, but before yolksac resorption was completed, both thyroid hormone content and concentration increased (except for chinook T₃). T₄ and T₃ content in larval yolk stayed constant as yolksac size decreased, resulting in increased thyroid hormone concentration in the yolksac. All of these data suggest that the initial source of thyroid hormones in coho and chinook salmon eggs is maternal, but that by approximately 3–4 weeks after fertilization, the developing embryos begin to produce their own thyroid hormones. After hatching, increases in tissue T₄ and T₃ concentration coupled with constant T₄ and T₃ content in diminishing yolksacs suggest that larvae also produce their own thyroid hormones; yolksac content then may reflect both the original maternal hormones and the larva-producted hormones.     

营养限制与补偿对蒙古羔羊体重和血液中生长相关激素的影响

试验研究不同能氮水平的营养限制与补偿对蒙古羔羊体重和血液生长相关的激素影响。选用内蒙古草原上健康的、平均体重15 kg左右的蒙古羔羊64只,随机分为对照组(CG)、限制1组(RG1)和限制2组(RG2)三个组,营养限制期(60 d)分别饲喂ME 10.88 MJ/kg、CP 13.0%(CG),ME10.88 MJ/kg、CP 8.9%(RG1),ME 8.62 MJ/kg、CP 5.7%(RG2)三个营养水平的日粮;营养补偿期(90 d)各组饲喂同一能氮水平饲粮(ME 9.75 MJ/kg,CP 12%)。结果表明:①随着营养水平的逐步降低,在限制末期,RG1组和RG2组羔羊的平均体重显著低于CG组(P<0.05),在补偿期,RG2组平均日增重显著高于CG组(P<0.05)。②在限制末期RG2组血液中GHRH及RG1、RG2组血液中GH浓度显著高于CG组(P<0.05),而RG2组血液中SS、IGF-I浓度显著低于CG组(P<0.05)。在补偿期,RG1、RG2组血液中IGF-I浓度有升高的趋势(P>0.05)。结果提示,营养限制所导致的羔羊血液中GHRH浓度升高和SS浓度降低可能是其在限制期血液中GH浓度升高及其在补偿期快速生长的原因之一。     

硒营养对蛋鸡强制换羽的影响研究

本试验旨在通过在日粮中添加不同剂量的硒(0、0.05、0.1、0.2mg/kg日粮),研究蛋鸡换羽过程中激素的变化,探讨硒影响强制换羽的机理。试验结果表明:微量元素硒能够影响换羽过程中血浆T3、T4、促黄体生成激素、黄体酮、雌二醇含量,但是硒参与强制换羽与硒对甲状腺激素代谢的影响无关,硒可能是参与了促黄体生成激素、黄体酮、雌二醇的代谢影响了强制换羽的效果。