抑制素基因免疫对南阳黄牛生殖激素的影响

选择40头南阳黄牛,用3.0 mg抑制素基因重组质粒(pCIS,免疫组,n=30)或同剂量的生理盐水(对照组,n=10)间隔21 d注射2次,分别在首次免疫当天、首次免疫后第10天和第21天、加强免疫后第10天和第45天收集血清,应用放射免疫法(RIA)测定处理后不同时期血清中激素水平.结果表明:在5个采血时间点内,加强免疫后第10天抗体阳性牛比率最高,为37.5%,与其他采血时间点有显著差异.免疫组促卵泡素(FSH)平均含量比对照组高,但差异不显著;17-β雌二醇(E2)和孕酮(P4)水平在加强免疫后2组有显著性差异.另外.抑制素抗体阳性牛的FSH、E2和P4比阴性牛高,但差异不显著.这些结果说明抑制素基因重组质粒可促进肉牛产生特异性抗体,且对FSH、E2和P4水平有影响.     

CPPU对苦瓜果实生长和内源激素含量的影响

以开化长白苦瓜为材料作外源CPPU处理,以研究CPPU对苦瓜果实生长和内源激素含量的影响,结果表明,10～50 mg/L CPPU在开花当天处理子房可以促进苦瓜果实的生长,使果长、横径和果重均比对照增加,其中又以20 mg/L处理效果最为明显,而100 mg/L则抑制果实的生长.HPLC分析表明,20 mg/L和100 mg/L CPPU处理均使果实内源ZT含量下降,ABA含量上升;20 mg/L处理使果实内源IAA和GA3含量明显上升,并在花后6 d达到峰值.     

样品预处理方法对小麦和玉米叶子中内源激素质量分数的影响

高效液相色谱法已成为应用较为广泛的一种测定植物内源激素的方法,然而,植物体内其他内含物的存在常常干扰和影响检测结果,因而对植物材料预处理方法也提出了更高的要求。本试验以小麦和玉米叶片为材料,对目前几种常用的预处理方法进行比较。从高效液相色谱的测定结果来看,不同的预处理方法显著影响小麦叶子中IAA、GA和6-BA以及玉米叶子中IAA、GA、ZT、6-BA和ABA的检测质量分数。其中,仅用甲醇提取就进行高效液相色谱检测,得到激素质量分数不高;用甲醇提取、石油醚脱色后,加入PVP或PVPP去除杂质,经乙酸乙酯萃取,最后检测的激素质量分数也较低;而将样品用甲醇提取、经石油醚脱色和乙酸乙酯萃取、再过C18小柱的预处理过程,得到的各种激素质量分数最高。主效应分析结果表明,植物材料和处理方法对5种内源激素质量分数的影响均达到显著水平(P0.05),且植物材料的影响效应大于处理方法。因此,检测不同植物中的不同种类内源激素需要不同的方法;对小麦和玉米叶片,最后一种预处理过程是一种较为适宜的方法,其测定结果可能会更为准确地反映内源激素的质量分数。     

市售豆芽中激素和生长调节剂检测分析

以重庆地区市售豆芽为对象,利用高效液相色谱法,研究了其中赤霉素(GA3)、激动素(KT)、6-苄氨基嘌呤(BA)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)四种激素的残留情况。检测结果表明,豆芽菜中含有大量的GA3和2,4-D,但不同来源的豆芽中这两种物质的含量波动较大,而KT和BA未检出,这表明激素残留是豆芽菜安全控制的主要对象。本试验用高效液相色谱法测定目标物质的回收率达到了82.65%~100.53%,相对标准偏差均小于15%。     

糜子愈伤诱导及再分化最适条件研究

研究旨在应用组织培养技术探究愈伤诱导及再分化的最适条件,以期为糜子建立遗传转化体系奠定基础。采用5种不同类型的糜子品种研究愈伤诱导及再分化的最适条件。利用植物激素2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)诱导茎尖愈伤组织,筛选出发芽率高,愈伤组织诱导率高,染菌率低的品种,并对诱导愈伤最适激素浓度及配比进行了鉴定。结果显示,冀黍2号出芽率高、愈伤组织诱导率高、染菌率低,适宜进行组织培养;2,4-D对冀黍2号愈伤诱导效果最好,最适浓度为2.5mg/L,诱导率达86.67%,淡黄色块状,结构紧密,质地较硬,继代培养后形成的胚性愈伤组织状态更好。再分化过程中,2,4-D浓度为2.5mg/L+TDZ浓度为3.5mg/L时出现明显的嫩芽。该试验获得冀黍2号愈伤诱导及再分化的最适条件,可为糜子再生体系的构建提供参考。     

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on growth performance,plasma metabolites and hormones,and rumen fermentation in Holstein calves during pre‐ and post‐weaning periods

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) during the pre‐ and post‐weaning periods on growth, metabolic and hormonal responses, and rumen fermentation in calves. Three‐week‐old Holstein calves were assigned to either control (n = 12) or SC group (n = 12), the latter of which received 2 × 10⁹ cfu/day of SC. The experiment was conducted over a period of 7 weeks around weaning. Daily gain (DG) in the SC group was higher (p < .05) than that in the control group. In the SC group, plasma glucose, insulin, and growth hormone (GH) concentrations were higher (p < .05) and concentrations of glucagon and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) tended to be higher (p < .1) than in the control group. Proportion of rumen propionate and concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen at 10 weeks of age were greater (p < .05) in the SC group than that in the control group. Supplementation of SC around weaning may improve dietary nutrient and energy availability and increase plasma GH and IGF‐1 concentrations. These changes observed in SC‐supplemented calves could be closely related to the improvement of DG.     

氮素形态对两个小麦品种籽粒内源激素含量的影响

 【目的】探讨氮素形态对强筋小麦豫麦34和弱筋小麦豫麦50籽粒内源激素含量的影响。【方法】在盆栽条件下, 设酰胺态氮、铵态氮和硝态氮3种氮素形态处理并加入硝化抑制剂双氰铵（DCD）,在小麦开花后定期取样,用酶联免疫法测定籽粒中IAA、GA3、ABA和ZR含量。【结果】酰胺态氮处理下,豫麦34籽粒形成初期,ZR含量较高;籽粒灌浆盛期前,IAA,ABA,GA3含量较高,灌浆速率较早达到高峰,与铵态氮和硝态氮处理相比,粒重分别增加9.16%和5.74%。铵态氮处理下,豫麦50籽粒形成初期,ZR含量较高;籽粒灌浆盛期前,IAA,GA3含量高;籽粒灌浆后期,IAA含量仍较高,籽粒灌浆速率较快且下降较为平缓,与酰胺态氮和硝态氮相比,粒重分别增加3.88%和11.52%。【结论】氮素形态对两个品种的影响不同,酰胺态氮有利于调节豫麦34内源激素水平,促进籽粒灌浆,提高粒重;而铵态氮对豫麦50较为有利。     

Selenium supplementation changes glutathione peroxidase activity and thyroid hormone production in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae

Dietary selenium (Se) influences the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the thyroid hormone system in vertebrates, but these relations are poorly described in fish. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation on Senegalese sole larvae, focusing on GPx activity and thyroid status. Two groups of larvae were fed on either control (C) or Se‐enriched live feed, from 2 days after hatch (DAH) until 34 DAH. Senegalese sole larvae fed Se‐enriched live feed significantly increased their whole‐body Se, compared to larvae from C group. The activity of GPx was higher in larvae from Se group, suggesting that the levels of this mineral were suboptimal in the control diet. TH levels were also higher in larvae fed Se‐enriched live feed, suggesting that Se may have a positive influence on the TH production in early life stages of marine fish larvae.     

Evaluation of commercial catfish, tilapia and salmonid diets for growth promotion of white suckers

In an attempt to identify appropriate diets for use in intensive baitfish culture, the efficacy of three commercial diet formulations, a high-protein, high-lipid, low-carbohydrate diet [a semi-moist salmonid diet (SD)] and two low-protein, low-lipid, high-carbohydrate diets [a catfish diet (CD) and a tilapia diet (TD)] on growth performance of juvenile white suckers, Catostomus commersoni, was examined. All three diets permitted growth during the 16 week trial. The SD promoted highest growth and somatic protein and lipid deposition, whereas the CD and TD formulations promoted markedly higher accumulations of glycogen in the carcass and liver. The high hepatic glycogen content was associated with an elevated hepatosomatic index in the CD- and TD-fed groups. Plasma T3 levels were lower in the CD- and TD-fed groups, possibly a response to the low dietary protein or indicative of dietary insufficiency in these fish. Of the three diets evaluated, the SD was considered to be the best in terms of the growth performance parameters measured, and offers an economical and appropriate diet for intensive culture of juvenile white suckers.     

对慢性心衰心阳虚证及其微观指标关系的思考

本文通过对慢性心力衰竭心阳虚证症候特点、病程变化机制、血流动力学、心功能分级、心脏负荷标志物、神经内分泌相关激素、炎症反应物等相关指标的关联整理,研究其诊断价值,为病证结合慢性心力衰竭心阳虚证提供辅助诊断依据,并对心衰心阳虚证微观辨证发展现状进行反思。