恩诺沙星糖精复合物的制备及其表征

以糖精、恩诺沙星1：2（W／W）制备恩诺沙星糖精复合物。采用x射线粉末衍射、差式扫描热量法、红外分析法进行表征,同时采用抑菌实验和餐食量实验来进一步表征。抑菌实验表明复合物的抑菌作用是原料药的1．6倍左右,餐食量实验表明复合物的餐食量是原料药的1．5倍左右。恩诺沙星糖精复合物制备工艺简单,能够掩盖药物的苦味,适口性好,改善了药物的难溶性。     

Isolation,in vitro propagation,genetic analysis,and immunogenic characterization of an Ehrlichia canis strain from southeastern Brazil

Amplification of the 16S rRNA gene from a blood sample obtained from a dog in southeastern Brazil was used to confirm a naturally acquired Ehrlichia (E.) canis infection. Following isolation and culturing of the new bacterial strain called Uberlândia, partial sequences of the dsb and p28 genes were obtained. The dsb partial sequence of the novel strain was 100% similar to dsb gene sequences of E. canis obtained from different geographic areas around the world. Conversely, the p28 partial sequence for the E. canis Uberlândia strain differed at several nucleotides from other sequences available in GenBank. To confirm the antigenic profile of the Uberlândia strain, an indirect immunofluorescence assay against E. canis antigens was performed using dog sera collected from two different areas in Brazil (Uberlândia and São Paulo). The results suggest that both antigens were able to identify animals seropositive for E. canis in Brazil since these Brazilian strains appear to be highly conserved.     

Distribution,quantitative load and characterization of Salmonella associated with swine farms in upper-northern Thailand

This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence and quantitative loads of Salmonella spp. on pig farms in Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Thailand to assess loading levels before slaughtering. The serotype diversity, antimicrobial-resistance pattern and pulse-field type of Salmonella spp. were also characterized to assess the dynamic propagation of the pathogen. The Salmonella-positive prevalence was 246/805 (30.56%), and the quantitative loads varied from 1.48~4.04 Log₁₀MPN/g, with a mean ± standard deviation of 2.11 ± 0.57. AMP/S/TE (ampicillin/streptomycin/tetracycline) was the highest frequency antimicrobial resistance pattern found in this study. In addition, Salmonella Rissen was the primary serotype in this region. PFGE results indicated the occurrence of infection by cross contamination among pig farms. Our study showed that pork is easily contaminated with this pathogen. Farm control programs must be based on strict biosecurity and hygienic measures, which could further reduce the contamination pressure at slaughterhouses or retail shops.     

新疆石河子地区奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析简

本试验旨在调查新疆石河子地区奶牛乳房炎源大肠杆菌的某些生物学特性及其耐药状况,以提高药物疗效,减少牛奶中药物的残留。试验从新疆石河子地区患乳房炎奶牛的乳样中分离纯化并鉴定出21株大肠杆菌,并对大肠杆菌分离株进行抗菌药物敏感性分析。结果表明,21株大肠杆菌对21种抗菌药物中的6种药物耐药率超过50%,其中最多的耐药15种,最少的耐药5种,耐药6及6种以上的菌株共占到76.19%。提示,该地区奶牛乳房炎源大肠杆菌对多种药物已产生了不同程度的耐药性,且存在严重的多重耐药情况。     

花生二倍体野生种Arachis duranensis和A. ipaensis新种间杂种的创制及鉴定

野生种Arachis duranensis（AA）和A. ipaensis（BB）是花生栽培种最可能的二倍体祖先种,而其合成的四倍体是研究花生起源与进化的重要材料。本研究利用A. duranensis系（PI 497262）和A. ipaensis（PI 468322）,通过杂交、组织培养、寡核苷酸探针染色荧光原位杂交（OS FISH）和基因组原位杂交（GISH）技术创制和鉴定了一个新的种间杂种W1824,进一步对其花粉育性、减数分裂行为和表型性状进行分析,发现W1824花粉高度不育,染色体平均构型为0.5 III + 3.5 II + 11.5 I,主茎高、侧枝长和叶面积均表现出超亲优势。表明PI 497262和PI 468322具有较高的杂交亲和性,暗示由上述两个系合成的四倍体花生可能具有显著高于亲本的生物产量和不稳定的染色体遗传方式。     

Characterizing Constituents of Sediment Phosphorus Fractionation in a Freshwater Shallow Lake System

[Objective] This study aimed to characterize constituents of phosphorus(P)fractionation as well as reciprocities among factors in sediments of a freshwater shallow lake. [Method] Surface sediment was discretely sampled at 24 sites through Van Veen grabs. Based on a modified sequential extraction scheme, P fractionation was determined as Fe/Al bound P(Fe/Al-P), Ca bound P(Ca-P), solute and reductive P(S/R-P) and organic P(OP). Curve estimation and Pearson product-moment correlation were employed for statistical analysis. [Result] Total P(TP) content ranged from 443 to 774 mg/kg. Inorganic P(IP) was the major component of TP,of which Ca-P was dominated with an average of 51%±9.7%. Average contents of P fractionation were in the following order: Ca-P(51%) OP(29%) S/R-P(8%) Fe/Al-P(7%). The molar ratio of Fe to P was 11- 20, close to the threshold value of P leaching. [Conclusion] In freshwater shallow lakes, IP and Ca-P were prone to be relatively high, whereas Fe/Al-P was low compared with deep lakes. Occurrence of spatially monotonic gradient indicated the primary causation of anthropogenic sources. Imminent sediment P liberation was also expected. Close associations among TP, Fe/Al-P and Ca-P, implying that anthropogenic P was mainly bound to metals in particulates. Significant correlations of TOC and P fractionation highlighted endogenous mechanism and authigenic origin in sediments.     

人参皂苷Rd-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的制备和表征

对人参皂苷Rd-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的制备和表征进行研究。采用溶剂-搅拌法制备包合物,然后用差示扫描量热法、红外光谱法以及显微镜法对得到的产物进行表征,3种表征方法均表明包合物已经形成。用高效液相色谱法测定包合物中人参皂苷Rd的含量为7.53%,包合物在25℃下的溶解度比人参皂苷Rd增大了24.3倍,在37℃下的溶解度增大了219倍。包合物水溶性良好,说明羟丙基-β-环糊精作为药物载体可以提高药物溶解度。     

往复泵吸入特性的流体力学数值模拟

为了研究往复泵在吸入过程中流体的动力特性及相关参数对吸入特性的影响,对往复泵的吸入过程进行计算流体动力学的数值模拟。在吸入过程中,根据阿道尔夫泵阀运动微分方程和活塞运动引起的泵腔内流场变化确定泵阀的运动,同时运用动网格生成技术更新了不同曲柄转角下的计算模型。通过数值计算,得到了往复泵的瞬时吸入流量、柱塞端面上的压力分布,并研究了冲次、弹簧刚度对吸入阀迟滞关闭现象的影响。结果表明,流体的压缩性和惯性导致瞬时流量小于理论值,吸液量是理论值的0.91倍,往复泵的冲次从100/min增大到330/min时,吸入阀     

Paternity Testing of Selected Abaca （Musa textilis L. Nee） Hybrids Using Morphometric Markers

Investigation into the paternity of four abaca （Musa textilis L, Nee） hybrids was done to ascertain the mode of transmission of selected morpho-agronomic traits and to detect possible heterosis. In situ morphological characterization was undertaken using twenty five qualitative and six quantitative characters. Results revealed that a great majority of the qualitative traits were shared by both parents and their hybrids. For the rest, the qualitative traits were inherited from one or the other parent though some variant phenotypes （i.e. chimerism） were also noted in the hybrids. Cases ofheterosis were also observed and this could be exploited to increase fiber yield in the hybrids. Though inconclusive due to factors such as the heterogenous nature of abaca plants in the field and the susceptibility of morphological traits to environmental fluctuations, this study has provided baseline information on abaca hybridity that can be verified using more robust technologies as molecular markers.