新疆自治区沼气能源技术开发应用探讨

基于国家政策的扶持、民族宗教信仰及发展畜牧业的优势,新疆自治区正在大力开发利用沼气资源。为此,探讨了生产沼气应采取的类型、发展模式,开发了适合于农村和城市并用的移动式智能型高效生物膜沼气反应装置,为新疆自治区全面利用沼气资源提出了有价值的参考。     

旱地全膜双垄沟残膜捡拾机的设计

针对我国西北旱地全膜双垄沟残膜捡拾机仿形能力差、拾净率低的问题,设计了一种旱地全膜双垄沟滚筒式残膜捡拾机。同时,阐述了整机结构及工作原理,并通过机构分析和计算确定了关键部件工作参数,旨在为残膜回收提供一种新的机具。     

秸杆覆盖保墒效果探讨

本文以试验资料的计算结果为依据，研究了秸杆覆盖的保墒效果。研究结果表明，条带状秸杆覆盖在产量、单位面积耗水量以及水分利用率等方面，都比无覆盖和全覆盖优越，从而为生产部门的推广和应用提供了依据     

载体好氧预处理对厌氧消化反应器运行性能的影响

将用于厌氧消化反应器的载体经好氧挂膜预处理，采用有机负荷递增法启动厌氧附着膜膨胀床（AAFEB）反应器，好氧预处理后的反应器比对照提前15天完成启动，并且具有较好的耐冲击负荷能力和耐水力负荷能力。这与污泥结构良好，持留能力强，污泥流失量小呈正相关。在反应器的稳态运行和再启动运行期间，反应器的主要运行参数与对照反应器无明显差异。     

Boron toxicity of strawberry

Abstract

Radlands Crimson strawberries were grown in a glasshouse with 7 rates of applied boron. Wood shavings mulches with different boron concentrations were also applied as separate treatments. Boron toxicity symptoms were produced in leaves by boron rates of 0.32 kg ha^‐1 and greater on a soil containing 1.6 ug B g^‐1 of hot water extractable boron. Concentrations greater than 123 μg B g^‐1 in old leaves were associated with boron toxicity symptoms.

In the B rate experiment, soil boron concentrations greater than 1.9 μg B g^‐1 soil were associated with leaf toxicity symptoms which increased in severity with increasing soil boron concentrations up to 4.1 μg B g^‐1 soil. Wood shavings mulch containing 17 μg B g^‐1 caused boron toxicity symptoms in older leaves whereas mulches containing less than 6 μg B g^‐1 did not produce toxicity symptoms.     

Tomato productivity and the associated composition of the hydroponic or soil solution

The concentration and balance of nutrients in both the hydroponic or soil solution has been evaluated with relevance to tomato productivity. Yields of 200 mt/ha have been produced in greenhouse, hydroponic culture in a 9 to 10 month period. Yields of more than 100 mt/ha of field grown tomatoes have been produced in Florida in a 4 to 5 month period. Within the limitations of either culture, it is possible per unit of time to provide the nutrients required to produce equivalent yields. It is most significant that field grown tomatoes in Florida can be grown with minimal management and at a fraction of the cost of those grown hydroponically. The validity of the Florida fresh market tomato industry is based on the production efficiency of the field culture. There are annually 16,000 ha of tomatoes grown in Florida, perhaps less than 40 ha grown in hydroponic cultures.     

Effect of Aquasorb and Organic Compost Amendments on Soil Water Retention and Evaporation with Different Evaporation Potentials and Soil Textures

Abstract

Aquasorb PR3005A, a hydrophilic polymer (a salt copolymer polyacrylamide), and garden waste compost were added to a loamy sand and a loam soil in pots to assess their impact upon soil physical properties at two different evaporation potentials. Compost was mulched and incorporated, the Aquasorb was incorporated, and their effect on temperature and amelioration of soil water content and evaporation was investigated. Mulching with compost reduced evaporation and increased soil temperature. Maize (Zea mays var. single cross 704) was sown in the same pots later, and growth indicator factors (plant height, fresh and dry weight, root weight, and leaf area) were compared. It was concluded that compost mulch application is beneficial to soil water retention whereas compost incorporation did not show these benefits. Compost mulch advances seedling emergence and enhances early growth through hydrologic soil amelioration. High rates of Aquasorb were also beneficial in advancing the emergence and early growth of maize seeded in loamy sand. The hydration capacity of Aquasorb is reduced as the electrolyte concentration and electrical conductivity are increased. Increased electrolyte concentration in soil solution, through drying, may result in gel dehydration and water release at potentials greater than field capacity, which may be lost to drainage. Furthermore, it is concluded that pot experiments with amendments fail to simulate field conditions.     

浅析几部国产电影中女性角色

2000年后,中国的电影市场逐渐繁荣。在众多的中国电影中,女性角色呈现出两种截然不同的样式：一种是呈现女性的优秀品质,另一种则是女性主义一直所反对的,将女性塑造成社会畸变的产物以吸引男性的眼光。本文通过对《非诚勿扰》、《女人不坏》、《白银帝国》、《十分完美》、《花木兰》等五部电影里的女性角色进行分析,从女性主义电影的角度将中国电影对女性角色的两极分化呈现做一个说明。     

不同覆盖措施无公害清除五味子园杂草的试验

通过对凤城市郊区北五味子园杂草种群分布情况的调查和实施不同覆盖措施清除杂草试验，结果表明：凤城市郊区五味子园杂草具有鲜明的季节特性和杂草分布不均匀特性，杂草滋生数量较大，对五味子植株生产影响较大；杂草主要通过草籽和串根繁殖；不同覆盖措施间控制杂草的效果差异极显著，以覆双层黑地膜取得的效果最好，杂草比对照减少99．80％。采取双层黑地膜覆盖技术是有效控制五味子园杂草滋生蔓延的最佳措施，能够达到彻底控制杂草的目的。     

大田土壤耕作层覆膜防渗灌溉栽培水稻研究

为了推广应用一种新的覆膜栽培水稻方法——覆膜防渗灌溉,对比分析了土壤耕作层覆膜防渗灌溉与常规灌溉条件下水稻的耗水量、水稻生长分蘖状况、水稻产量及土壤中氮磷钾营养元素的变化情况。结果表明,防渗灌溉能明显减少灌溉用水量,较常规灌溉节水9.54%。防渗灌溉可减少土壤中的肥力损失,能有效阻隔土壤中速效钾的淋溶损失。防渗灌溉与常规灌溉的耗水系数分别为711和786 kg/kg,灌耗比分别为0.5和0.6。防渗灌溉降低灌溉水在总耗水量中的比重,减少渗漏损失提高水分利用率。