水泵机组状态监测与故障诊断系统研究

从20世纪60年代到21世纪，我国的泵站工程为输水、供水以及防洪减灾提供了有力保障。针对水泵机组的状态监测与故障诊断进行研究，建立水泵机组状态监测与诊断的软件及各分析模块与数据库，进行机组性能的预测研究，为水泵机组的状态维修提供支持。     

低碳背景下县域经济发展方式转变的对策研究

加强节能减排,实现低碳发展,不仅是国家“十二五”规划纲要所提出的约束性目标,更是促进经济提质增效升级的必经途径.目前,我国县域经济仍以“高投入、高消耗、高排放”为主要特征,转变经济发展方式已成为县级政府所面临的迫切任务.为此,必须依据低碳发展理念和《2014 ～2015年节能减排低碳发展行动方案》的具体要求,培育有利于经济发展方式转变的要素基础和制度基础,加快推进产业结构的优化和升级,深化经济管理体制改革,不断进行制度创新,实施有利于科技进步的政策,完善环境管理制度,实现县域经济又好又快发展.     

我国水土保持监测制度体系建设现状与任务

建立和健全监测制度,是水土保持监测工作的主要内容和重要保障,对规范水土保持监测行为、实现水土保持监测全过程管理的制度化和科学化具有十分重要的意义。经过20年的努力,已初步建立了由法律法规、规范性文件和技术标准构成的水土保持监测制度体系。其中,法律法规主要包括《中华人民共和国水土保持法》及其实施条例、部门规章和地方性法规等,规范性文件主要包括综合管理、监测网络和信息系统建设与管理、动态监测管理、水土流失灾害事件调查管理、监测数据管理等5类管理制度,技术标准体系中包括已颁布的15项和正在制订与拟编的15项技术规程或规范。     

陆良县农业生产防灾抗灾对策研究

陆良县是一个农业大县，近年来干旱、低温、霜冻、病虫害等农业灾害多发、濒发，对农业生产造成极大的危害和影响。总结该县采取的一些农业生产防灾抗灾做法及取得的成效，分析防灾抗灾中存在的问题，探讨进一步做好防灾减灾的对策措施。     

会宁县太平店镇农村养殖业特点及对策

从行情、技术、信息、资金等方面分析了会宁县太平店镇农村养殖业的现状及特点,并提出了农村养殖业的对策,以期为该镇养殖业的发展提供参考。     

Environmental Change and the Sustainability of European Forests

Summary

It is some years now since forest decline was a major public concern in Europe and was one of the principal environmental issues around which international research programs were focused. A number of internationally coordinated activities were initiated in the 1980s and 1990s and have continued until now; these contributed significantly to our current understanding of forestry and to the way in which forestry policies have developed. In short, the concept of sustainable development has had an increasing influence and is now of immeasurable value in forest policy, with sustainable forest management well established as its guiding principle. This sequence of events is examined here. The extent to which understanding has advanced is remarkable; much has changed. Arguably this period gave the first indication of the extent to which forests and ecosystems globally are threatened by environmental change. On the basis of the last 20 years, it is tempting to conclude that we now have an effective institutional framework and have made excellent progress. However, some of the recorded ecosystem responses seem anomalous; there are surprises in system responses, e.g., the linkage between sulphur and nitrogen depositions and forest growth. Even more importantly some specific pollutant problems remain and will intensify, and climate change has become an environmental issue of overwhelming importance.     

A proposal to leverage high-quality veterinary diagnostic laboratory large data streams for animal health,public health,and One Health

Test data generated by ~60 accredited member laboratories of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) is of exceptional quality. These data are captured by 1 of 13 laboratory information management systems (LIMSs) developed specifically for veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Beginning ~2000, the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) developed an electronic messaging system for LIMS to automatically send standardized data streams for 14 select agents to a national repository. This messaging enables the U.S. Department of Agriculture to track and respond to high-consequence animal disease outbreaks such as highly pathogenic avian influenza. Because of the lack of standardized data collection in the LIMSs used at VDLs, there is, to date, no means of summarizing VDL large data streams for multi-state and national animal health studies or for providing near-real-time tracking for hundreds of other important animal diseases in the United States that are detected routinely by VDLs. Further, VDLs are the only state and federal resources that can provide early detection and identification of endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are estimated to be responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million deaths worldwide every year. The economic and health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is self-evident. We review here the history and progress of data management in VDLs and discuss ways of seizing unexplored opportunities to advance data leveraging to better serve animal health, public health, and One Health.     

寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草监测与防治

草原是内蒙古地区草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展的基础,同时也是优质牧草的主要来源。有毒有害牧草生长扩散预示着草场退化,对当地草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展会造成毁灭性打击。有毒有害植物生长发育,不仅会危害牲畜健康且还会严重消耗土壤的水分和养分,妨碍优良牧草繁殖生长,使草场产量和质量显著下降。在长时间草场利用过程中,很多农牧民群众只注重索取,不注重生态环境保护,使草场生产能力和抵抗能力逐渐变差,给有毒有害牧草繁殖生长提供了条件。因此需要加强寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的监测,并采取针对性措施进行防控,降低发病率。该文主要探讨内蒙古呼伦贝尔市寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的种类,并提出相应的防治措施。     

生猪规模养殖场疫病防控面临挑战与对策

近年生猪养殖规模扩大的同时,很多疾病常并发感染混合感染,表现出复杂的临床症状,再加上免疫抑制性疾病普遍存在,给生猪养殖产业造成巨大影响。针对这种情况需要深入探讨规模化生猪养殖场疫病防控所面临的多种挑战,并从科学选址、完善防疫设施、构建综合性管理制度、加强生物安全屏障建设等多方面入手,及时化解疫病风险,将疫情控制在萌芽阶段,保证生猪养殖产业健康发展。     

畜牧养殖中动物疾病病因及防控

畜牧养殖是山东省无棣县车王镇的重点产业,近年发展速度较快,显著促进了地区居民的增收致富。在畜牧养殖过程中,动物疾病防控是关键管理环节。为提升动物疾病防控成效,需深入分析动物疾病的出现原因,采取针对性的解决对策,最大程度控制动物疾病的发生与影响。