喀斯特峰丛洼地次生林小气候特征研究

根据喀斯特峰丛洼地次生林自动观测气象站连续气象观测资料,以农田气象资料为对照,初步分析了次生林小气候特征的变化规律。结果表明,喀斯特峰丛洼地次生林对小气候存在明显影响。林内太阳辐射、平均气温和风速相对林外均明显偏低,而相对湿度林内显著大于林外。林内同林外比,太阳辐射年平均降低40.6%,气温偏低0.3℃-5.3℃,相对湿度偏高0.9%-11.4%;风速平均降低0.57 m/s。林内各气象因子变化幅度均明显小于林外,次生林对各气象因子影响明显。各气象因子之间相关性显著,林内外温度相关性最强。     

慢性束缚与慢性不可预期温和应激抑郁模型小鼠的行为学比较及其发生机制研究

【目的】通过比较慢性束缚应激(Chronic restraint stress,CRS)与慢性不可预期温和应激(Chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)对C57BL/6小鼠行为学指标及大脑海马区相关功能的影响,探讨抑郁症的发生机制。【方法】分别建立CRS及CUMS小鼠模型,通过旷场试验、强迫游泳试验和悬尾试验测定小鼠的行为学指标;取小鼠脑组织,制备常规石蜡切片,运用苏木素-伊红(HE)与免疫组化染色考察小鼠大脑海马区组织形态及5-羟色胺1A受体(5-HT1AR)的表达情况,并运用荧光分光光度法测定小鼠海马组织单胺氧化酶活性的变化。【结果】与空白对照组相比,CRS组小鼠的水平穿格数、直立次数及体质量均显著减少,悬尾及强迫游泳试验累计不动时间百分比无明显变化(P>0.05);而CUMS组小鼠自发活动无明显改变(P>0.05),但悬尾及强迫游泳试验累计不动时间百分比极显著增加(P<0.01),体质量显著下降。脑组织形态学研究结果显示,CUMS组小鼠海马CA1、CA3区和齿状回均出现萎缩,而CRS组小鼠海马CA1区未受影响,CA3区和齿状回均发生萎缩。与对照组相比,CRS组与CUMS组小鼠大脑海马单胺氧化酶活性升高,5-HT1AR表达均减少,差异均分别达显著和极显著水平。【结论】CRS和CUMS均可不同程度地引起抑郁样症状,CRS对探索性行为的抑制较明显,CUMS则可引发典型的行为绝望状态;CRS与CUMS组小鼠的行为学差异可能与2组抑郁模型动物脑内海马区组织结构及功能变化的差异存在相关性。     

慢性前列腺炎伴抑郁症的中医证候特征研究

目的 探讨慢性前列腺炎伴抑郁症的中医证候分布特点。方法 选取符合病例诊断标准的110例患者进行临床证候调查,根据其临床表现,结合中医证候诊断标准,辨证分析确定其证型;将数据进行统计学处理,分析研究对象各中医证型、证候要素分布的特点。结果 110例患者共计12种证候,包含病位类证素6个,病性类证素11个。实性证候要素中以肝郁、气滞为基本要素,虚性证候要素中以肾虚、脾虚为主,各证候要素按出现频率高低依次为:肝郁 >气滞 >湿热 >肾虚 >痰湿 >脾虚 >血瘀 >心虚 >气虚 >阴虚 >阳虚。结论 慢性前列腺炎伴抑郁症患者中医证候分布具有一定特征性,早期多以实证为主,后期为虚实夹杂证,肾虚肝郁、痰湿瘀阻是其基本病机,为指导临床辨证论治提供了一定的理论依据。     

原发性开角型青光眼中医证型、证候、证素文献分析研究

目的 通过文献研究,分析原发性开角型青光眼（primary open angle glaucoma,POAG）证型分布特点及其证候、证素特点,为临床POAG的诊治提供依据。方法 检索CNKI（中国知网数据库）、VIP（维普数据库）、CBM（中国生物医学文献数据库）和Wanfang数据库（万方数据库）,采用EpiData3.1软件建立POAG证候文献数据库,应用统计软件SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。结果 最终纳入文献11篇,包括644例不同证型的患者,规范后的POAG证型11种,最常见的4种证型为：肝肾亏虚证（26.55%）、肝郁化火证（23.45%）、痰湿泛目证（18.94%）、肝郁气滞证（13.20%）,与POAG相关的病位证素为肝,病性证素主要与阴虚、血虚、阳亢、气滞相关。结论 本研究初步反映了POAG常见证型、证候分布特点,并对其证素特点进行了概括,为临床POAG的诊疗提供依据。     

蒋益兰教授从脏腑经络辨证论治乳腺癌经验探析

蒋益兰教授为湖南省名中医,从事中西医结合防治肿瘤的临床、科研工作30余年,认为乳腺癌的发生发展与肝郁、脾虚、肾亏、冲任失和密切相关,主要病理因素为痰、瘀、毒,从平调肝气、健脾化痰、补肾滋阴、调补冲任出发,以四君子汤、逍遥散、二至丸等方药加减,佐以白花蛇舌草、半枝莲、重楼、莪术、鸡血藤、土贝母、夏枯草、猫抓草、生牡蛎、山慈菇等治疗乳腺癌。     

不同近交系数蛤仔橙色品系的生长和成活研究

以不同遗传背景的蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）橙色品系为材料,采用建立半同胞家系子一代H1（F=0.125）、全同胞家系子一代F1（F=0.250）、全同胞家系子四代F4（F=0.594）及自然对照组C1（F=0）的方法,进行了不同近交系数蛤仔橙色品系生长和成活的研究.结果表明,在整个养殖周期中F1组的壳长生长最慢,在稚贝期和养成期均显著小于F4和C1组（P＜0.05）,H1、F4和C1组之间的壳长生长差异不显著（P＞0.05）.C1组的成活率在整个养殖周期中为最小,除幼虫期3日龄外,其他各日龄均显著小于其他试验组（P＜0.05）,而H1、F1和F4组之间的成活率则差异不显著（P＞0.05）.试验组F1壳长生长的衰退率为2.92％ ～ 18.33％,平均值为（12.05±6.54）％,试验组H1在稚贝期、养成期显现出一定的衰退现象,而试验组F4在整个养殖周期中均未表现出近交衰退现象;各试验组的成活性状在各日龄均未出现近交衰退.该研究为橙色品系的选育奠定一定的理论基础.     

Between-founder heterogeneity in inbreeding depression for production in Jersey cows

Severity of inbreeding depression depends on the hidden (i.e., recessive) genetic load carried by a population. If the load is distributed unevenly among founder genomes, or founder-lines were exposed to variable amounts of selection, descendants from different founders may be differentially affected by inbreeding. Between-founder heterogeneity in inbreeding depression for production traits and somatic cell score in milk (SCS) was studied using records from 59,788 Jersey cows. Inbreeding coefficients (F) were partitioned into components due to four founders, plus a remainder. A two-stage statistical analysis was performed. First, empirical best linear unbiased predictions (EBLUP) of residuals for milk, fat and protein yield, and for SCS, were computed using linear models including fixed effects of herd–year–season, age at calving and days in milk, and random additive genetic effects of individual cows. Second, models with total and partial inbreeding coefficients as predictor variables were fitted to EBLUP residuals, for each trait. Tests of differences between slopes indicated that regressions of milk, fat and protein yield on partial inbreeding coefficients were heterogeneous; SCS did not exhibit inbreeding depression. Hence, alleles contributing to inbreeding depression for production in this Jersey population seem to be associated with specific founders. This indicates that a homogeneous effect of inbreeding on production may be an incorrect statistical specification in genetic evaluation models that attempt to account for inbreeding depression. Furthermore, the observed variability between effects of partial inbreeding due to different founders implies that inbreeding effects on yield traits may be due to alleles with major effects.     

辽宁省地下水盈亏现状

辽宁省水资源贫乏(年人均885米~3)。由于人口的迅速增长和工农业的迅速发展,国民经济各部门对水的需求量越来越大,对地下水的需求量一直在不断增长,以致引起局部地区地下水超采,并在沈阳、辽阳、鞍山和大连等地出现地下水位下降、永久性地下水漏斗形成、含水层部分疏干以及海水内侵等一系列生态环境问题。     

Resolvin D1, a Metabolite of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid,Decreases Post-Myocardial Infarct Depression

We hypothesized that inflammation induced by myocardial ischemia plays a central role in depression-like behavior after myocardial infarction (MI). Several experimental approaches that reduce inflammation also result in attenuation of depressive symptoms. We have demonstrated that Resolvin D1 (RvD1), a metabolite of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from docosahexaenoic acid, diminishes infarct size and neutrophil accumulation in the ischemic myocardium. The aim of this study is to determine if a single RvD1 injection could alleviate depressive symptoms in a rat model of MI. MI was induced in rats by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 40 min. Five minutes before ischemia or after reperfusion, 0.1 μg of RvD1 or vehicle was injected in the left ventricle cavity. Fourteen days after MI, behavioral tests (forced swim test and socialization) were conducted to evaluate depression-like symptoms. RvD1 reduced infarct size in the treated vs. the vehicle group. Animals receiving RvD1 also showed better performance in the forced swim and social interaction tests vs. vehicle controls. These results indicate that a single RvD1 dose, given 5 min before occlusion or 5 min after the onset of reperfusion, decreases infarct size and attenuates depression-like symptoms.