脱氢松香酸甲酯喹啉衍生物的合成与表征

以脱氢松香酸甲酯(Ⅱ)为起始原料,通过在12位溴代得到12-溴-脱氢松香酸甲酯(Ⅲ),再经过在13位选择性硝化后还原制得中间体13-氨基脱异丙基脱氢松香酸甲酯(Ⅴ),Ⅴ继续与甘油在浓硫酸作用下缩合得(4R,12bS)-4,12b-二甲基-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,12b-八氢化萘并[1,2-g]喹啉-4-羧酸甲酯(Ⅵ)和(7R,10aS)-7,10a-二甲基-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-八氢化萘并[2,1-f]喹啉-7-羧酸甲酯(Ⅶ)两种松香基喹啉衍生物,这两种产物的产率分别为51.2%和20.3%,质量分数分别为71.6%和28.4%,产物的结构通过IR,1HNMR和元素分析进行了表征。     

香菇杂菌绿色木霉室内抑制试验初探

为寻求控制绿色木霉等杂菌的有效途径和减少农药对环境的污染 ,采用多菌灵、甲基托布津和多种药用植物水煎剂 ,对香菇栽培中重要污染菌绿色木霉进行了室内抑制试验。绿色木霉对多菌灵和甲基托布津很敏感 ,在 0 5mg L的低浓度下仍能被抑制 ,而在该浓度下 ,多菌灵对香菇菌丝生长影响较小。在被试验的 2 0余种药用植物中 ,有 6种药用植物对绿色木霉有较明显的抑制作用 ,其中以黄檗水煎剂的抑菌效果最佳     

茶油皂脚脂肪酸甲酯制备的水溶性改性胺固化物性能研究

以茶油皂脚脂肪酸甲酯制备的水溶性改性胺(CA-921)与水性环氧树脂固化,通过热重分析、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、机械性能测试及扫描电镜分析,研究了环氧树脂分散相粒子的粒径和黏度、环氧基与胺氢物质的量之比及固化温度对固化物性能的影响.研究结果表明,黏度及粒径均较小的水性环氧乳液AB-EP-20与固化剂CA-921复配所...     

农林生物质定向液化制备甲基-α-D-葡萄糖苷的研究

以硫酸为催化剂、甲醇为溶剂,在反应温度为200℃、压力6 MPa、反应时间为10 min的条件下,考察竹材、甘蔗渣、杨木、桉木、松木和麦秆6种原料的定向液化,通过对定向液化的产物进行过滤、中和、萃取分离和旋蒸等一系列分级处理操作,得到甲基糖苷类化合物。结果显示:6种原料的液化率均在78%以上,甲基糖苷类化合物主要为甲基-α-D-葡萄糖苷(MLG)和甲基-α-D-木糖苷,其分别来自于纤维素和半纤维素的甲醇酸解,并且甲基糖苷类化合物的得率均为原料质量的40%左右;其中甘蔗渣加压液化制备甲基糖苷类的效果最好,甲基糖苷类GC含量86.81%。将甲基糖苷类化合物进行脱色和重结晶处理,得到甲基-α-D-葡萄糖苷晶体,对其进行HSQC NMR、FT-IR和X射线单晶衍射分析可知,实验所制备的甲基-α-D-葡萄糖苷晶体纯度几乎接近于标准样品,具有规则的晶体结构,晶体属于正交晶系,空间群为P212121。     

脱氢松香基有机小分子凝胶因子的合成及其性能

用12-溴-13,14-双硝基脱氢松香酸甲酯合成了一种新型的有机小分子凝胶因子1,4a-二甲基-6-溴-1,2,3,4,4a,17,18,18a-八氢萘基[2,1-h]二吡啶并[3,2-a:2,3-c]吩嗪甲酸甲酯(DBNPM),通过1H NMR,13C NMR,MS和IR等表征手段对产物结构进行了表征。为了考察此小分子凝胶因子的自组装行为,研究了该分子在不同有机溶剂中的成胶性能和形貌。研究发现,在甲醇中临界成胶浓度(CGC)最低,为0.5 g/L;但是在二氧六环中凝胶性质最为稳定。扫描电镜(SEM)照片显示,从甲醇溶剂中得到的干胶呈片状结构,从二氧六环溶剂中得到的干胶呈网状结构;通过红外光谱和XRD测试研究证实,该化合物分子间的氢键是凝胶化的重要驱动力之一。     

Antiproliferative activity of Saponaria vaccaria constituents and related compounds

Total methanolic extracts of Saponaria vaccaria seed derived from several varieties, as well as various purified components obtained through successive chromatographic separations of total extracts were evaluated for their growth inhibitory activity in WiDr (colon), MDA-MB-231 (breast), NCI-417 (lung) and PC-3 (prostate) human cancer cells as well as the non-tumorigenic fibroblast BJ (CRL-2522) cell line using MTT colorimetric assay. Purified bisdesmosidic saponins segetoside H and I were further examined using microscopy and apoptosis assays. Bisdesmosidic saponins exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibitory and selective apoptosis-inducing activity. Growth inhibitory effects were particularly strong in a breast (MDA-MB-231) and a prostate (PC-3) cancer cell line. Total extracts exhibited a different preference being most active against a colon cancer cell line (WiDr). In a comparison of varieties, all of the total seed extracts exhibited similar dose-dependent activities, but with some variation in potency. Monodesmosidic saponins vaccarosides A and B, phenolic vaccarin, and cyclopeptide segetalin A, co-occurring seed substituents, did not exhibit activity. The non-tumorigenic fibroblast cell line BJ (CRL 2522) was growth inhibited but did not undergo apoptosis when treated with bisdesmosidic saponins at low micromolar concentrations. Saponin-rich extracts from Kochia scoparia seed and Chenopodium quinoa were also evaluated alongside Saponaria saponins but did not exhibit activity. Closely related Quillaja saponins exhibited activity but were less potent.     

Cytotoxic, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of isolated phenolic compounds from fresh ginger

Twenty-nine phenolic compounds were isolated from the root bark of fresh (Yunnan) ginger and their structures fully characterized. Selected compounds were divided into structural categories and twelve compounds subjected to in-vitro assays including DPPH radical scavenging, xanthine-oxidase inhibition, monoamine oxidase inhibition, rat-brain homogenate lipid peroxidation, and rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell and primary liver cell viability to determine their antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. Isolated compounds were also tested against nine human tumor cell lines to characterize anticancer potency. Several diarylheptanoids and epoxidic diarylheptanoids were effective DPPH radical scavengers and moderately effective at inhibiting xanthine oxidase. An enone–dione analog of 6-shogaol (compound 2) was isolated and identified to be most effective at protecting PC12 cells from H₂O₂-induced damage. Almost all tested compounds inhibited lipid peroxidation. Three compounds, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol and an enone-diarylheptanoid analog of curcumin (compound 6) were identified to be cytotoxic in cell lines tested, with KB and HL60 cells most susceptible to 6-shogaol and the curcumin analog with IC₅₀ < 10 μM. QSAR analysis revealed cytotoxicity was related to compound lipophilicity and chemical reactivity. In conclusion, we observed distinct compounds in fresh ginger to have biological activities relevant in diseases associated with reactive oxygen species.     

金合欢基溴合成角鲨烯反应及异构体形成机理的研究

通过自制高效偶联试剂三三苯基膦氯化亚钴和自制金合欢基溴的还原偶联反应,成功地合成了角鲨烯。初步探索了主要反应条件如反应时间等对偶联反应中产物角鲨烯得率的影响。结果表明,在常温、偶联试剂过量10％、反应4h及充分搅拌的条件下,角鲨烯得率45．6％。用GC和GC-MS分析了合成产物角鲨烯,探讨了角鲨烯6个异构体的形成机理和可能的化学结构以及在GC图谱中的出峰顺序。另外,还探讨了合成三三苯基膦氯化亚钴中硼氢化钠滴加速度和搅拌速率对反应的影响。     

HPMCP微胶囊蛋白质包裹量的测定方法

本文采用复相乳液法制备HPMCP的BSA微胶囊,研究常用蛋白质定量方法考马斯亮蓝染色法、福林-酚法、紫外吸收法对测定HPMCP微胶囊蛋白包裹量受壁材、乳化剂、亲水性保护胶体的影响。结果得到制备的微胶囊呈圆形或椭圆形,没有粘结在一起的现象,三种方法中福林-酚法影响程度最小,适合测定HPMCP蛋白微胶囊的包裹量。     

棉籽油制备生物柴油的生物降解性能

以棉籽油甲酯、乙酯生物柴油及其与石化柴油形成的调和油为研究对象,采用改进的Sturm试验方法,考察了生物柴油及其调和油的生物降解特点。研究表明：在有氧的水环境中生物降解28 d,棉籽乙酯生物柴油与甲酯生物柴油生物降解率分别达99.7%和99.1%;对甲酯生物柴油而言,生物柴油体积分数为50%和20%的调和油的28 d生物降解率分别为93.8%和80.8%,而乙酯生物柴油体积分数为50%和20%的调和油的28 d生物降解率分别95.7%和81.9%,但在相同条件下,0#柴油生物降解率仅49.9%;生物柴油在调和油中体积比越大,调和油的生物降解速度越快,生物柴油对石化柴油的生物降解具有促进作用。该文对认识棉籽油生物柴油在环境中的消解规律,控制环境污染具有一定的意义。