人肝癌细胞系HepG2的次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶缺陷型的建立

本试验旨在建立次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(HGPRT)缺陷型的HepG2细胞系,为细胞杂交与单克隆抗体的研究提供亲本细胞。通过N-甲基-N-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG)诱导HepG2细胞突变,逐步提高培养液中6-巯基鸟嘌呤(6-TG)的浓度,筛选出对6-TG有抗性的细胞株,检测它在HAT中生长的情况。得到可在含20 μg/mL 6-TG的高糖DMEM完全培养基中稳定生长的细胞株,此细胞株在HAT培养基中第3天出现明显的死亡,第12天全部死亡,诱变后细胞的染色体分布于32-88,染色体众数为48。突变筛选出的细胞具有对6-TG抗性和对HAT敏感的特性,证实该细胞是HGPRT缺陷型细胞株,为以后进行杂交瘤制备提供了适宜的亲本细胞。     

甲型流感病毒多功能蛋白质NS1的研究进展

近年来大量的研究结果表明,甲型流感病毒的非结构蛋白质1(NS1)是在感染病毒期间具有多个辅助功能的毒力因子,为揭示该人畜共患病毒的致病性机理提供重要参考价值。这篇文章综述了该病毒蛋白质一些最新研究进展,包括NS1的合成、结构、亚细胞定位及在病毒复制机制、宿主天然免疫应答或/和适应性免疫应答、细胞信号传导中发挥各种作用。作者重点阐述了NS1-RNA之间和NS1-蛋白质之间的相互作用,因为它们都是上述功能和过程的基础。同时突出不同毒株NS1蛋白可能特有的特性,鉴于此,也讨论了NS1对人和动物甲型流感病毒致病性的某些作用。最后概述NS1可能应用于流感疫苗的研制、新抗病毒药物的研发等。同时比较了乙、丙型流感病毒NS1研究新进展。     

哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术的应用前景

体细胞克隆的成功为农业、医学以及生物学基础研究提供了新的工具。体细胞核移植技术和转基因、胚胎干细胞等现代生物技术的相互渗透更是活跃。当前,尽管体细胞核移植效率仍然不甚理想,而且克隆后代成活率低、畸形率高,但人们还是对该技术的发展充满了憧憬,尤其希望借助这一手段在攻克一些长期困扰人类的疑难疾病上有所突破。作者则总结了体细胞核移植在上述各方面的应用价值,供同行参考。     

Lymphangiosarcoma in 12 dogs: a case series (1998–2013)

Lymphangiosarcoma (LAS) is an uncommon malignant neoplasia arising from lymphatic endothelium; little information exists regarding therapy. Single institutional retrospective review for canine LAS histopathology diagnoses over a 15‐year period yielded 12 dogs. Ten dogs were presented for a mass and/or swelling at cervical, trunk or limb regions. Prior to diagnosis, 10 dogs received empiric wound therapy. Cytology performed in 10 consisted of mild inflammation. Survival ranged from 60, 168 and 876 days for three dogs with palliation; 90 days with prednisone in one; 182 days with chemotherapy in one; 240, 267, 487, 630 and 941 days for five receiving surgery; and 574 days for one receiving surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. One dog is alive with recurrence at 243 days following surgery and carboplatin chemotherapy. Clinical improvement existed in LAS dogs receiving multimodal therapies. Early tissue biopsies are recommended for progressive oedematous lesions of unknown origin.     

MTT比色法在传染性法氏囊病病毒分离中的应用

应用MTT比色法检测了病料中传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)在细胞培养物中的增殖情况，并对病料中加入法氏囊提取液、鸡胚浸出液2种成分对病毒增殖的影响作了比较。结果表明，MTT比色法简便、快速、可靠，能很好地反映病毒在细胞培养物中的增殖情况。     

内蒙古地区生鲜乳中体细胞数分析及其对产奶量、乳品质的影响

本试验旨在比较2017年内蒙古地区生鲜乳中的体细胞数与主要奶业国体细胞数标准,对比奶罐奶和散卖奶体细胞数,同时分析生鲜乳中的体细胞数与产奶量及乳成分间相关性,旨在为生鲜乳质量安全评定及控制提供参考依据。试验于2017年采集内蒙古地区9个盟市673批次生鲜乳样品,采用Foss Mickro-FT120乳成分分析仪测定生鲜乳中乳脂肪、乳蛋白、非脂乳固体、乳糖、总固体含量,同时采用丹麦Chemomete SCC-100体细胞仪进行体细胞计数。结果表明:1) 2017年内蒙古地区生鲜乳中的体细胞数为37. 7×10~4个/mL,低于欧盟(40. 0×10~4个/mL)、新西兰(40.0×10~4个/mL)、加拿大(50.0×10~4个/mL)和美国(75.0×10~4个/mL)的生鲜乳中体细胞限定值。2)家庭散养模式散卖奶中的体细胞数(55.8×10~4个/mL)显著高于规模化牧场奶罐奶中的体细胞数(37.7×10~4个/mL)(P<0.05)。3)生鲜乳中的体细胞数与产奶量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),相关系数为-0.190;与乳脂肪含量之间无显著相关性(P>0.05);与乳蛋白、乳糖、非脂乳固体及总固体含量之间存在极显著负相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为-0.149、-0.295、-0.283、-0.115。由此可见,内蒙古地区生鲜乳中的体细胞数管控较好,达到甚至超过了欧美主要奶业国标准。家庭式散养方式生产的生鲜乳质量安全水平低于规模化养殖方式。生鲜乳中体细胞数增高会导致产奶量下降及乳品质的改变。     

影响非禽源外源病毒检验的主要因素

本文以《中华人民共和国兽药典》2015版三部非禽源外源病毒检验方法为依据,总结了检测过程中细胞状态、样品处理、接种与继代培养、荧光抗体检查等对外源病毒检验的影响,为企业提高外源病毒检验的准确度和检出率提供参考。     

Establishment of an in vitro culture model to study milk production and the blood–milk barrier with bovine mammary epithelial cells

This study attempted to establish a culture model to recreate the milk production pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). BMECs were isolated from Holstein cows (nonlactating, nonpregnant, and parous) and were stored by cryopreservation. To separate the apical and basolateral compartments, BMECs were cultured on a cell culture insert with a collagen gel in the presence of bovine pituitary extract and dexamethasone to induce milk production and tight junction (TJ) formation. The culture model showed the secretion of the major milk components, such as β‐casein, lactose, and triglyceride, and formed less‐permeable TJs in BMECs. Moreover, the TJs were distinctly separated from the apical and basolateral membranes. Glucose transporter‐1, which transports glucose into the cytoplasm through the basolateral membrane, localized in the lateral membrane of BMECs. Toll‐like receptor‐4, which binds to lipopolysaccharide in the alveolar lumen in mastitis, localized in the apical membrane. Beta‐casein was mainly localized near the Golgi apparatus and the apical membrane. Moreover, milk components were almost secreted into the upper chamber of the cell culture insert. These findings indicate that this model has clear cell polarity as well as in vivo and is effective to study of milk production and the blood–milk barrier in lactating BMECs.     

南方型紫花苜蓿耐盐细胞系的筛选及生理特性分析

以NaCl为选择因子,对长期继代培养的紫花苜蓿愈伤组织进行选择,筛选出耐1.2%NaCl的耐盐细胞系并对其进行生理分析,结果表明:耐盐细胞系对逆境的忍受能力高于对照,积累的脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量也高于对照,维持着较高的K+/Na+比,在盐分胁迫下能维持较高的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性。