两种生测方法对6种杀柑橘木虱药剂毒力测定结果比较

为了寻找杀虫剂对柑橘木虱成虫毒力的测定方法,分别用点滴法和药膜法测定了吡虫啉、联苯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱、丁硫克百威等6种杀虫剂对柑橘木虱成虫的室内毒力。结果表明：用点滴法测出的6种药剂的LC50和LC95高于用药膜法的测定结果,工效只有药膜法的50%,药膜法具有快速、所有药剂都可用的优点,适宜于抗性监测和在丙酮中溶解度低的化合物的毒力测定;点滴法所用药剂不含助剂,具有准确性好,适宜于新的化合物的毒力测定的优点,但具有工效低和在丙酮中溶解度低的原药不能用的缺点。     

石塘镇牛品改工作现状及整改措施

据笔者在石塘镇水产畜牧兽医站工作十余年,本文对石塘镇牛品改工作存在的问题及整改措施进行了分析,只有剖析与解决了制约牛品改工作发展的不利因素,才能促进石塘镇牛品改工作的顺利发展,提高广大养殖户的经济收入。     

空肠弯曲杆菌生物学特性及分型技术研究新进展

Campylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni) is a major pathogen of human campylobacteriosis, as well as one of the major food-borne pathogen. It can not only cause human diarrhea, but also cause many systemic diseases such as endocarditis, arthritis, septisis. The most serious complication it can cause is the Guillain Barre syndrome. In developed countries, C.jejuni even has a trend to excess Salmonella and be reported as next Salmonella, which has caused a worldwide concern. Analysis of biological characteristics for C.jejuni can help us to distinguish it with other pathogens. Typing methods play important roles in the identification, monitoring and prevention of C.jejuni. It can also help us to understand its virulence and resistance mechanisms to C.jejuni. This paper reviews advances of C.jejuni in biological characteristics, serotyping and genotyping methods so as to help us further understand its new progress in these areas.     

农业文献的翻译方法

随着国际农业交流的日益发展,农业文献翻译正在彰显出愈加重要的作用.在农业文献翻译过程中,通过翻译理论的指导,选择适当的翻译方法,不仅能够保证翻译质量,并且可以加强理解沟通.本论文主要对比分析了Peter Newmark提出的语义翻译和交际翻译这两种翻译方法,对基本农业文献的形式进行了划分归类,并举例说明.文章指出在翻译实践中,对原文形式的正确分析理解和对两种翻译方法特性的灵活掌握,是达到佳翻译效果的有效途径.     

不同保存方法对光皮桦总DNA提取效果的影响

光皮桦是一种顽拗类植物,其鲜叶组织中富含酚类、糖类及其他次生代谢物。这些物质很容易使鲜叶发生褐变,从而严重影响植物基因组DNA的提取质量。本文以新鲜嫩叶为对照,比较了-20℃冷藏、硅胶干燥、改进的饱和NaCl-CTAB溶液保存和核分离缓冲液固定4种鲜叶保存方法对提取光皮桦基因组总DNA效果的影响,寻找最佳的光皮桦嫩叶保存方法。并以提取的核酸得率、纯度、片段分布情况、是否含有PCR反应抑制剂等指标来评价其保存效果。结果表明:-20℃冷藏的样品未能提到DNA;新鲜样品、改进的饱和NaCl-CTAB溶液保存和核分离缓冲液保存的样品均提到纯度较好的DNA,大小在48Kb左右,得率为400!g/g鲜叶左右,并获得条带清晰、多态性好的PCR扩增图谱;用硅胶干燥保存的样品也能提到DNA,但得率低,为51.2!g/g鲜叶,且未获得条带完整、清晰的PCR扩增图谱。     

农业开发项目中植物激素类农用化学品环境影响评价技术研究

随着农业开发项目的加强，植物激素类农用化学品将会广泛的应用于农业生产中，而植物激素类农用化学品使用不当会导致作物减产减收、品质下降、污染等负面效应，严重影响农业生产。本文研究建立一套完整的环境影响评价技术体系，包括评价工作程序、评价内容、评价因子、评价指标、评价标准、评价技术方法和环境影响对策等方面。旨在为农业开发项目中植物激素类农用化学品环境影响评价提供必要的技术支持。     

《野生动物救护技术》课程教学内容与教学方法的探讨

根据《野生动物救护技术》课程的特点,确定教学内容,研究教学重点,探讨更加合理的教学方法,以期获得更好的教学效果。     

沼液在冬春茬日光温室番茄上的应用效果分析

沼液作为优质液肥,营养成分可直接被农作物吸收,参与光合作用。作为叶面追肥,确实具有增产增效、提高品质、减少农药施用的作用,从而增加产量提高品质。     

Revisiting rice breeding methods – evaluating the use of rapid generation advance (RGA) for routine rice breeding

Rice production needs to increase in the future in order to meet increasing demands. The development of new improved and higher yielding varieties more quickly will be needed to meet this demand. However, most rice breeding programmes in the world have not changed in several decades. In this article, we revisit the evidence in favour of using rapid generation advance (RGA) as a routine breeding method. We describe preliminary activities at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to re-establish RGA on a large scale as the main breeding method for irrigated rice breeding. We also describe experiences from the early adoption at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Evaluation of RGA breeding lines at IRRI for yield, flowering time and plant height indicated transgressive segregation for all traits. Some RGA lines were also higher yielding than the check varieties. The cost advantages of using RGA compared to the pedigree method were also empirically determined by performing an economic analysis. This indicated that RGA is several times more cost effective and advantages will be realized after 1 year even if facilities need to be built. Based on our experience, and previous independent research empirically testing the RGA method in rice, we recommend that this method should be implemented for routine rice breeding in order to improve breeding efficiency.     

动物源性食品中抗菌药残留的微生物学检测技术研究进展

抗菌药通过直接用药或用作饲料添加剂投入养殖业中,用于治疗或预防动物疾病。养殖业不当使用抗菌药,不可避免地造成抗菌药在动物源性食品中残留过量。微生物学法是最早用于抗菌药残留检测的方法,较其他检测方法而言,微生物学法操作简单、成本低、高通量,广泛应用于牛奶、畜禽组织等动物源性食品中抗菌药残留快速筛选检测,为后期的化学分析确证法节约大量成本。文章主要综述了微生物学法的发展历程及微生物学法在牛奶、可食性畜禽组织、鸡蛋、水产品、蜂蜜等动物源性食品中抗菌药残留检测的应用情况,为后续研制新微生物学法提供理论依据和实践基础,并对未来的微生物学法的发展做出展望。