Optimal Standby Capacity and Its Valuation in Power Pool

The problem of optimal standby capacity and its valuation in Power Pool is very important and complicated. On the basis of researching literatures concerned, this paper constructs an optimal standby capacity model and researches the problem of pricing optimal standby capacity and determining power price on the user-side. The result shows that the optimal standby capacity at some period t is completely determined by the probability distribution density function of power load demand at this period and surplus power loss and insufficient power loss, and the price of optimal standby capacity is determined by real power price of entering power grid and the power price of forecasting load demand, and the expected power price on the user-side consists of the settlement price with grid loss on generation-side and reasonable gains and expected additional loss.     

中国乳制品工业的10年回顾与展望

回顾了中国乳制品工业的发展历程以及10年来所取得的成就。在分析乳制品市场供需关系变化、人们膳食结构变化、乳品消费现状和消费区域转化的基础上,论述了未来5年中国乳品业的发展前景,指出乳制品行业的企业家和员工要审时度势,与时俱进,齐心协力地推动乳制品行业持续、健康地向前发展。     

RAPD markers linked to microspore embryogenic ability in Brassica crops

In order to identify the markers linked to microspore embryogenic ability in Brassica crops, RAPD segregation analyses were performed in a microspore-derived (MD) population and a F₂ population derived from F₁between ‘Ho Mei’ (high responsive parent in microspore embryogenesis) and ‘269’ (low responsive parent) in Chinese cabbage, and between ‘Lisandra’ (high responsive parent) and ‘Kamikita’ (low responsive parent) in oil seed rape. After 230 and 143 primers were screened, a total of 148 and 52markers were detected to be polymorphic between the parents in Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape, respectively. Twenty-seven percent of the markers in the MD population showed a significant segregation distortion in both crops. Of the markers showing segregation distortion in the MD population, 71–75% of the markers followed the expected Mendelian segregation ratio in the F₂ population. When the relationships between such distorted markers and microspore embryogenesis of the F₂ population were examined, 7 and 3 markers were identified to be associated with embryogenic ability in Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape, respectively. These markers showed additive effects on embryo yields, and the plants having more alleles of the high responsive parent produced higher embryo yields. These markers maybe useful in marker-assisted selection for improving microspore responsiveness straits in Brassica crops. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Structured regionalism in the Asia‐Pacific: Slow but sure progress

Abstract: Notwithstanding the existence of considerable intra‐regional trade, the Asia‐Pacific region was slow to catch onto the concept and phenomenon of regionalism. Not many regional integration arrangements were created in the region and the ones that were created did not go far. Over the preceding three‐and‐a‐half decades, the high performing Asian economies adopted outward‐oriented strategies, promoting brisk trade expansion trade and foreign investment. Asia‐Pacific regionalism was essentially market‐led and uninstitutionalised. Regional production networks were the consequence of market‐led economic dynamics in the region. Large corporations, including transnationals, contributed to the growth of a pan‐Asian industrialisation process and trade expansion. This scenario underwent a transformation in the 1990s, particularly during the Asian crisis of 1997–98. Conscious economic and monetary co‐operation with institutional support increased considerably. Asia‐Pacific economies are more committed to regionalism – both economically and institutionally – now than ever before.     

基于分级阈值和多级筛分的玉米果穗穗粒分割方法

为了有效克服果穗形状畸变和穗粒颜色差异对穗粒分割的影响,该文提出一种准确、鲁棒的玉米果穗穗粒分割方法。该方法利用果穗三维形状特征校正果穗径向畸变以最大程度恢复图像上果穗表面信息;采用分级阈值分割策略确定每颗穗粒最佳阈值范围,并利用穗粒几何特征实现穗粒初次筛分,消除穗粒间粘连效应;结合主成份分析和支持向量模型完成穗粒的二次筛分,生成果穗表面穗粒分布图。该方法整合了果穗径向畸变-分级阈值-穗粒多级筛分,实现果穗穗粒的精准分割,为玉米果穗自动化考种提供了基础方法。试验结果表明提出方法在穗粒分割准确性和鲁棒性上具有显著优势,平均计算效率达15 s/果穗。     

偏分离及对植物遗传作图的影响

偏分离是遗传作图中的普遍现象，是一种强有力的进化动力。在植物方面，标记偏分离的比例、程度、来源、遗传效应等因物种、群体类型、杂交组合、标记类型等的不同而有很大变化。从偏分离的表现和共同特征、偏分离产生的原因、偏分离基因位点的标记定位、偏分离对遗传作图的影响及克服方法等方面，对植物(主要是作物)中的偏分离研究进展进行了综合分析。     

日本兰花工业见闻

本文概要介绍了近年来日本兰花的研究机构、研究内容、信息交流、生产组织与产品销售的情况。     

基于差分信号控制的土壤含水率传感器设计

研究土壤含水率的测定对于农作物生长,灌溉及农业自动化发展具有重要意义。该文针对传统含水率传感器电极输出信号谐波失真较大的问题,设计了一种差分信号控制的土壤含水率传感器。鉴于传感器电极输出的信号失真是由于土壤非线性因素引起的,该文利用集成时基计时器设计差分输入信号控制电路,减少输出信号的总谐波失真度。此外,建立相应的数学模型,得到土壤阻抗与信号周期变化关系。构建传感器硬件结构,通过微处理控制器测量信号周期得出土壤含水率变化数值。试验表明,传感器输出端的信号总谐波失真较传统结构减少12.56%。土壤质量含水率在5%~30%时,土壤含水率测试最大误差不超过4.89%,土壤阻抗测试误差不超过2%。     

市场配置有效性与区域排污权交易市场的构建

通过分析目前政府计划配置存在监督成本高、管理难度大、体系不合理等问题,运用不完全信息静态博弈分析计划配置下用水户治污投入不足。进而分析市场配置在污染物控制总量、降低用水户治污成本、激励用水户治污投入、公众参与决策等方面存在比较优势,并运用寡头竞争模型证明了市场配置的有效性。在此基础上,将排污权市场构建范围界定在流域和区域范围内,区域排污权交易构建在排污权界定相关法律制度、政府管理监督制度和相配套服务体系三个基础上,注重了第三方中介在排污权交易市场作用,借助股票市场建立模式构建了排污权一级分配市场和二级流通市场。     

水电上市公司经营效率评价

运用数据包络分析力一法对11家水电上市公司的经营效率进行评价，在对决策单元的DEA有效、规模效益、纯技术效率进行分析的基础上，提出了决策单元提高效率应注意的问题，为上市公司进行决策提供参考。