绿豆抗豆象基因PCR标记的构建与应用

 采用PCR分子标记技术，对16个绿豆品种（系）进行了遗传分析。在选用的56个随机引物中，发现抗豆象品种与感豆象品种间有一定差异。根据聚类分析结果将它们分成抗豆象野生种（TC1966）、抗豆象栽培种（V2709）、抗豆象杂交后代（VC3890A2/TC1966-23）和混合类型4个大组。以绿豆抗豆象和感豆象品种及抗豆象品种×感豆象品种组合的F2群体为试验材料，利用BSA法，对抗（感）豆象品种池和一个组合F2的抗（感）豆象池进行了鉴定，获得一个共显性标记。经F2分析，在抗豆象个体中扩增出约1.79 kb的特异片段或2个特异片段（1.79 kb/1.03 kb）；在感豆象个体中仅扩增出约1.03 kb的特异片段。初步认为此标记与TC1966的抗豆象基因位点紧密联锁，可用于绿豆抗豆象种质鉴定和遗传育种的分子标记辅助选择。     

我国北方地区花生品种的遗传多样性分析

利用SSR分子标记对我国北方地区育种品种以及区试品种共计68个栽培花生品种进行遗传多样性分析,结果表明,104对SSR引物中有15对在品种间存在多态,多态率为14.4%,平均每个标记产生3.8个位点。15对引物的多态信息量在0.397~0.667之间。山东地区花生品种的遗传多样性要高于我国北方其他地区供试品种。小粒组品种的遗传多样性要略高于大粒组品种。聚类分析表明我国北方68个育成和区试品种的遗传相似系数在0.64~0.91之间,分成两个大类,第一个大类可分成四小类,其中第三小类又可以分成六个亚类。这些结果表明我国北方地区现有育成和区试品种的遗传多样性较低,为拓宽花生育种的遗传基础,应从中发掘出有利用价值的品种。     

广谱抗性基因Pi9在黑龙江省水稻品种中的分布

2014年利用显性标记p B8对黑龙江省96份水稻主栽品种筛选Pi9基因,对供试材料作苗期和分蘖期抗病鉴定,明确Pi9基因在黑龙江省水稻品种中分布情况及应用价值。结果表明,供试材料中,有早熟青森、垦粳1等44个品种含有Pi9基因,苗期和分蘖期平均发病级别均为2.4级;青森5号、长白9号等52个品种不含Pi9基因,苗期和分蘖期平均发病级别分别为5.1和5.4级。研究结果可为黑龙江省水稻品种改良以及抗病资源合理利用奠定基础。     

S SR分子标记技术在植物研究中的应用

SSR分子标记是目前应用较广泛的分子标记技术之一。对SSR标记的原理、特点和开发方法进行了总结,综述了SSR分子标记技术在植物DNA指纹图谱构建、遗传多样性分析、种子纯度及真伪鉴定、遗传图谱构建、分子标记辅助育种等方面的应用现状,并对目前SSR标记应用中出现的问题进行了讨论,以期为下一步开展西藏野生观赏植物资源的分子研究奠定基础。     

Microsatellite Marker Based Assessment of Genetic Diversity among Cultivars, Landraces and Wild Relatives in Rice

India being the primary center of origin for rice had a very large treasure of local land races, most of which are out of cultivation today. The exact genetic potential and their differences from commercial varieties and the magnitude of heterogeneity still present in them are not well catalogued. Hence the need to characterize the available land races has become imminent in the modem day concept of crop improvement （Rezai and Frey, 1990）. The present study addresses the utility of SSR markers in divulging the genetic relationships at molecular level among the major component factions office gennplasm viz., local cultivars, land races and wild species collected from a wide range of agro-geographical regions of Indian subcontinent.     

基于分子遗传标记技术的实蝇种群遗传关系研究进展

分子遗传标记技术已用于分析实蝇的种群遗传关系,本文介绍了分子遗传标记技术在实蝇的起源、入侵、定殖、扩散及其他方面的研究进展,首次分析了我国实蝇种群遗传研究的现存问题并针对检疫性实蝇种群遗传关系研究提出了建议.     

Assessment of biological and molecular variability between and within field isolates of Plasmodiophora brassicae

Plasmodiophora brassicae is an obligate biotroph that causes clubroot, one of the most damaging diseases of crucifers. Differential cultivars and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers were used to assess the extent of genetic diversity among nine single-gall populations of P. brassicae and 37 single-spore isolates (SSI) derived from four of those field samples. Isolates were classified into eight pathotypes, and each isolate was associated with a unique molecular genotype. Virulence and DNA polymorphisms were detected within and between field isolates, and among SSIs from different pathotypes, hosts and geographical origins. The relatively high level of genetic diversity among field isolates was similar to that among SSIs derived from a single-club field isolate. Molecular and pathogenicity-based classifications were not clearly correlated, but isolates belonging to pathotype P1 were clustered. Two RAPD markers were specific to pathotype P1. The finding that genetic differences can occur in P. brassicae field isolates will be an important consideration in resistance genetic studies and in choosing breeding strategies to develop durable clubroot resistance.     

Towards the first linkage map of the<Emphasis Type="Italic">Didymella rabiei</Emphasis> genome

A genetic map was developed for the ascomyceteDidymella rabiei (Kovachevski) v. Arx (anamorph:Ascochyta rabiei Pass. Labr.), the causal agent of Ascochyta blight in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The map was generated with 77 F₁ progeny derived from crossing an isolate from the U.S.A. and an isolate from Syria. A total of 232 DAF (DNA Amplification Fingerprinting) primers and 37 STMS (Sequence-Tagged Microsatellite Site) primer pairs were tested for polymorphism between the parental isolates; 50 markers were mapped, 36 DAFs and 14 STMSs. These markers cover 261.4cM in ten linkage groups. Nineteen markers remained unlinked. Significant deviation from the expected 1:1 segregation ratios was observed for only two markers (Prob. of χ²<0.05). The implications of our results on ploidy level of the asexual spores are discussed. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 5, 2002.     

Cardiac troponins in canine babesiosis

This study compared the sensitivity of ECG and cardiac troponins to predict cardiac histopathological changes, clinical severity, and survival in canine babesiosis. One control group (n = 9) and 4 groups of dogs with mild uncomplicated babesiosis (n = 8), severe uncomplicated babesiosis (n = 9), complicated babesiosis (n = 8), and babesiosis and concurrent immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) (n = 9) were studied. A 1-minute lead II ECG was recorded, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and T (cTnT) concentrations in plasma were measured. cTnI concentrations were significantly higher in the complicated (mean, 9.9; SE, +/-5.76) and concurrent IMHA (mean, 6.53; SE, +/-4.32) groups and in the 3 dogs that died of the disease (mean, 22.17; SE, +/-12.85) than in the control dogs (concentration below detection limit of test, -0.3 ng/mL). The 3 nonsurvivors had the most severe cardiac histopathological changes, but no arrhythmia and minimal other ECG changes. Dogs with babesiosis developed a variety of ECG abnormalities, but the abnormalities were not associated with disease severity, outcome, or plasma cardiac troponin concentrations. The exception was the presence of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), which were associated with high cardiac troponin concentrations. This study showed an association between cTnI concentration and histological changes, clinical severity, and survival and no correlation between ECG abnormalities and histological changes or biochemical evidence of myocardial damage as reflected by cTnI concentrations. From this study, it was concluded that the analysis of plasma cTnI is a feasible and sensitive test and is superior to cTnT in diagnosing cardiac involvement in dogs with babesiosis.