离子束注入硅酸盐细菌诱变选育研究

硅酸盐细菌能分解铝硅酸盐类矿物中的钾、磷、硅等元素,直接供植物生长利用。采用低能N离子束注入技术对硅酸盐细菌进行诱变,然后经有氮培养基初筛、缺钾培养基复筛,获得解钾能力强的硅酸盐细菌S-05突变株,扫描电镜观察菌株的形态。进行盆栽试验,研究S-05菌株对水稻根际土壤速效钾含量的影响。结果发现,发酵液50倍稀释处理组速效钾含量最高,比原菌株处理组(CK1)和空白对照组(CK2)分别提高55.79%和260.84%。     

Role of IP3R in LH-EGFR-induced mouse oocyte meiotic resumption

AIM: To explore the effect of inositol 1, 4, 5-trisposphate receptor (IP₃R) in luteinizing hormone-epidermal growth factor receptor (LH-EGFR)-induced oocyte meiotic resumption. METHODS: Models of mouse cumulus-oocyte complexs (COCs) culture and follicle culture in vitro were generated to study the effects of 2-aminoethyl diphenyl borate (2-APB) and heparin (IP₃R specific inhibitors) on LH/EGF-induced oocyte meiotic resumption and EGF-induced cumulus cell expansion. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of cumulus expansion-related factors. The changes of the intracellular calcium level were monitored using Fluo 3-AM, and the cGMP level was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The inhibitors of IP₃R, 2-APB and heparin, dramatically reversed EGF-induced oocyte maturation (P<0.05) and decreased cGMP levels in COCs (P<0.05). In addition, 2-APB and heparin reversed EGF-induced cumulus expansion, and significantly inhibited EGF-induced cumulus expansion-related factor expression (P<0.05). The activation of IP₃R increased intracellular calcium level, and the study found that 2-APB and heparin dramatically reversed EGF-induced elevation of calcium level in cumulus cells (P<0.05). Follicular culture in vitro showed that 2-APB and heparin significantly reversed the LH-induced oocyte maturation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LH-EGFR signaling pathway increases calcium level in cumulus cells through IP₃R, resulting in meiotic resumption.     

九连山国家森林公园负氧离子浓度时空变化及影响要素研究

负氧离子不仅对空气质量具有改善作用,而且对人体健康起到重要的影响。通过连续观测九连山国家森林公园空气负氧离子浓度,分析负氧离子浓度的时空变化规律及与各气象要素之间的相互关系。结果表明,九连山国家森林公园负氧离子浓度水平达到Ⅰ级标准,对人体健康极有利。原始阔叶林中负氧离子浓度明显高于人工林中负氧离子的浓度,且原始阔叶林和人工林中负氧离子浓度都呈现夏秋高于冬春,夏季最高,冬季最低;早晚浓度明显高于白天浓度的规律。因此九连山国家森林公园适合出游时间为夏秋季,且上午或傍晚最佳。此外,负氧离子的浓度与空气温度、湿度以及降水量都有明显的相关性,同时也受其他气象因素的影响。这些结果可以为推进森林旅游业的建设提供科学支持,特别是自然保护区内负氧离子资源和旅游产品的开发。     

氨基修饰二氧化硅对Cr^3+和直接桃红B12的吸附

该试验以硅烷偶联剂KH-550为改性剂,乙醇为溶剂合成氨基二氧化硅。利用红外光谱、扫描电镜、原子吸收光谱、可见分光光度法对改性前后SiO 2进行表征,研究其对铬离子及染料直接桃红B12的吸附情况。结果表明:25℃恒温振荡20 min,改性SiO 2吸附重金属离子Cr^3+效果明显,当其用量为0.04 g时,吸附率达99.01%,而相同条件下未改性SiO 2对Cr^3+吸附率只有25.13%;将其用于染料直接桃红B12的吸附,改性后SiO 2吸附率达91.97%,相同条件下未改性SiO 2的吸附率仅为34.23%。     

盐胁迫下小麦幼苗离子吸收运输的选择性与叶片耐盐量

研究了小麦品种 LD-1(耐盐)和扬麦5号(不耐盐),在盐胁迫下植株体内 K~+、Na~+积累及其吸收、运输过程中的选择性和叶片电解质渗漏率的变化.结果表明,盐胁迫后 LD-1叶片〔Na~+〕/〔K~+〕明显低于扬麦5号,而其 S_(k,Na)(K~+,Na~+选择性比率)显著大于扬麦5号.2品种间根系〔Na~+〕/〔K~+〕及 S_k,Na均没有显著差异,根系离子吸收的选择性相似.LD-1从根系至地上部的离子运输过程中,具有较大的 K~+选择性,是它具有较强耐盐性的主要原因.2品种间叶片耐盐阈值及叶片致死盐量均无显著差异,叶片细胞的耐盐力相似.     

离子色谱法同时测定降水中的常见阴离子

利用离子色谱仪同时测定降水中的3种有机酸根离子和4种无机阴离子,通过对分析条件的优化,确定了最佳的色谱条件：以4．0mmol／L Na2CO3与1．0mmol／L NaHCO3为流动相,流速0．8mL／min作等度洗脱,在10min内实现基线分离并完成电导检测．7种组分的检测限在0．5～20．0nmol／L之间,线性范围跨越2个数量级以上．该方法用于雨水样品的分析,结果表明：平均加标回收率为92．1％～106．2％,相对标准偏差0．30％～4．03％.     

Effects of Magnesium Compound with Fertilizer on Daylily （Hemerocallis citrina Baroni） Growth and Soil Nutrients

Effects of two kinds of magnesium compound with fertilizer on Daylily （Hemerocallis citrina Baroni） growth, yield, and soil nutrients in red soil were studied. The results indicated that significant effects of magnesium applied to soils were observed in increasing Daylily （Hemerocallis citrina Baroni） yield, improving its growth, and strengthening its antivirus property as well as increasing the amount of exchangeable Mg, N, P, and K in red soil. In particular, the effects of magnesium compound fertilizer Ⅱ （MCF2） with higher Mg content were better than that of the others, which increased Daylily （Hemerocallis citrina Baroni） yield by 57.4, 32.8, and 14.5% compared to that of control treatment （CK）, chemical fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium treatment （CF）, and magnesium compound fertilizer Ⅰ treatment （MCF1） with lower Mg content. It increased soil Alkali N, available P, exchangeable K, and exchangeable Mg by 94.9, 46.5, 31.1, and 35.3%, respectively, compared with that of CK treatment. Therefore, the application of magnesium compound with fertilizer is an optimum method for improving red soil quality.     

不同pH值和重金属浓度对水花生生根的影响

研究不同pH值和不同重金属浓度对水花生生根情况的影响。试验表明,水花生的适应性很强,在pH值为2~13范围内的溶液中均可生根。总体而言,水花生在碱性溶液中比在酸性溶液中生根情况好,当pH值在8.85左右时生根情况最好,根长为26.2 mm,根数为60根以上。随着重金属离子浓度升高,其对水花生生根的抑制作用加大,但不同重金属离子对水花生的生根影响不同。当溶液中Pb2+浓度在10 mg/L左右时,水花生生长最好,根长达22.3 mm,根数达37根;当溶液中Cr3+浓度在5 mg/L以下时,水花生生长最好,根长为39.0 mm左右,根数为40根以上。     

蔬菜保护地土壤对外源钾的固定特征研究

对蔬菜保护土地壤的固钾特征进行了研究,结果表明土壤的固钾率随着土壤速效钾含量的提高和钾素施入量的增加逐渐降低．土壤用于保护地蔬菜栽培以后,速效钾含量明显提高,同时土壤对钾素固定率也随之降低．铵离子可以替代钾离子而被土壤粘土矿物固定,铵离子和钾离子等浓度存在时土壤的固钾率仅是钾离子单独存在时的二分之一,当这两种离子的浓度分别达到300．0μg·g-1时,施入土壤中钾素的固定率降低到50％以下,最低的只有27．7％。因此,在蔬菜保护地条件下,为避免钾素的淋失和土壤溶液浓度的提高,应提倡钾肥与铵态氮化肥分施和钾肥分次施用。     

离子交换树脂作为花卉矿质营养载体的研究

离子交换树脂具有稳定的结构、固定的组成及很高的阴阳离子交换量。离子交换树脂具有良好的气、固、液三相。因此具有持水佳、载肥高、透气好等优点。当离子交换树脂中的矿质元素被植物大量吸收后，可以对其进行再生处理从而保证它能够反复使用。离子交换树脂是一个内存很大的化学库，它所吸附的营养元素不会被水淋洗而有所减少，植物在持有高水平矿质营养的离子交换树脂中亦不会受到反渗透伤害。此点经吸附有5000mg·kg-1钾的离子交换树脂对大丽花（DahliapinnataCav．）的栽培及吸附有5000mg·kg－1磷的离子交换树脂对蟹爪（ZygocacturstruncatusSchum）的栽培中得到证实。