广东省高水平百米跑运动员体能结构特征模型的构建与应用*

以广东省优秀男子百米跑运动员14人为研究对象，采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、测试法与数理统计法等，运用因子分析法筛选出了有效反映广东省优秀男子百米跑运动员体能水平的9项指标，入选的9项指标可以分别从身体形态、生理机能和运动素质三个层面有效反映运动员的体能水平；并构建了广东省高水平男子百米跑运动员体能水平定量评价模型。     

5α-Reductase inhibitory compounds produced by polymerization of resveratrol with horseradish peroxidase

To produce 5-reductase inhibitory compounds, resveratrol was enzymatically oxidized in a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H₂O₂ system. Ethyl acetate extract of the oxidation products showed strong 5-reductase inhibitory activity with 10%–15% organic solvents in the system, whereas without organic solvent little inhibitory activity was exhibited. The optimum pH of enzymatic oxidation for acquisition of the inhibitory activity was 4.5. The inhibitory compounds were isolated and identified as resveratroltrans-dehydrodimer and resveratrolcis-dehydrodimer by comparing with published nuclear magnetic resonance data. The two resveratrol dehydrodimers have stronger inhibitory activity than natural resveratrol dimers and trimers found inShorea species.     

Dynamic properties of three types of wood-based composites

This study used a vibration test method to show that grain angles of face veneer have substantial effects on sound velocities and dynamic Youngs moduli of three types of wood-based composites. The sound velocity at 0° grain angle of face veneer was the highest, and it decreased with increasing grain angle in the range of 0° to 90°. This tendency was similar to that for dynamic Youngs modulus. The relationship between the grain angle of face veneer and the sound velocity of three types of wood-based composites can be expressed in the form of Hankinsons equation or a second-order parabolic equation. This study also showed that the application of orthotropic elasticity theory was valid for the three types of wood-based composites. The relationship between the grain angle of the face veneer and the Youngs modulus of three types of wood-based composites can be expressed in the form of the Jenkin equation, Hankinsons equation, or a second-order parabolic equation. Rule of mixture can also be used to predict the Youngs modulus of wood-based composite from the Youngs moduli of the two elements.Part of this study was presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Fukuoka, Japan, March 2003 and the 15th Annual Meeting of Chugoku Shikoku Branch of the Japan Wood Research Society, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan, September 2003     

Comparison of glomerular filtration rate between greyhounds and non-Greyhound dogs

Greyhounds have significantly higher serum creatinine (SCr) concentration than do non-Greyhound dogs that may be attributable to differences in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). By means of plasma clearance of technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, GFR was measured in 10 Greyhounds and 10 non-Greyhound dogs with normal findings of physical examination, CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and urinalysis. Dogs were fed the same diet for a minimum of 6 weeks before GFR data collection. Greyhounds had significantly higher mean +/- SD GFR (3.0 +/- 0.1 vs 2.5 +/- 0.2 ml/min/ kg; P = .01) and SCr concentration (1.8 +/- 0.1 vs 1.5 +/- 0.1 mg/dL; P = .03) than did non-Greyhound dogs, but the serum urea nitrogen (SUN) concentration was not significantly different (18 +/- 1 vs 18 +/- 2 mg/dL; P = .8). Therefore, the higher SCr concentration in Greyhounds is not attributable to decreased GFR, and may be associated with the high muscle mass in the breed. Healthy Greyhounds have higher GFR than do non-Greyhound dogs.     

茶扦插苗根腐性苗枯病菌茄镰孢霉专化型研究及相关问题的商榷

 茶扦插苗根腐性苗枯病是广西一些茶圃的常见病害,严重影响茶苗出圃。明确该病病原菌分类地位可以为病害防治提供理论依据。为此,作者从桂北茶扦插苗圃中随机采得18株病株标本,分离出镰孢霉纯菌株16株,单孢菌纯系培养18株(GF01~GF18号)。参照BOOTH镰刀菌分类鉴定标准,对代表性单孢菌株GF08号的培养菌进行了形态鉴定;以蘸根法和土壤伤根法测试其致病性,同时在12科22种植物上进行接种试验。结果表明,该菌与茄镰孢霉［Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.］形态特征一致, 经柯赫氏法则验证确定其为茶扦插苗根腐性苗枯病的病原菌。该菌除侵染山茶科的福云六号大叶种和白毛茶外,对其余11科20种植物均不致病。因此鉴定该菌为茄镰孢霉一新专化型：Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc fsptheae Chuan Ya Lai et Chuan Bi Lai。     

P-loop，Bet v 1结构域的缺失及突变对GmPR10 和Gly m 4l 抑制大豆疫霉菌能力的影响

大豆疫霉根腐病是由大豆疫霉菌（Phytophthora sojae）引起的危害大豆生长的严重病害。课题组前期研 究表明具有P-loop 结构域的GmPR10（Gene Bank accession no. FJ960440)和具有P-loop、Bet v1 结构域的Gly m 4l （Gene Bank accession no. HQ913577.1)抑制大豆疫霉菌生长,并且过表达GmPR10 和Gly m 4l 的转基因大豆植株可 以提高对大豆疫霉根腐病的抗性。为研究GmPR10 和Gly m 4l 抑菌机理,本研究利用点突变技术,获得了GmPR10 的P-loop结构域突变体（Gly48/Thr48和Gly51/Arg51）、Gly m 4l的P-loop结构域突变体（Gly49/Ile49和Lys55/Pro55）、GmPR10 和Gly m 4l的P-loop结构域以及Gly m 4l的Bet v1结构域缺失突变体,并纯化回收相应突变体蛋白,进行体外抑制 大豆疫霉菌试验。结果表明,突变或缺失P-loop,Bet v1结构域的GmPR10和Gly m 4l失去了抑制大豆疫霉菌（Race 1）生长的能力,说明P-loop、Bet v 1结构域对GmPR10和Gly m 4l行使抑菌功能至关重要。     

稻田土壤中盐酸吗啉胍液相色谱分析方法及消解动态研究

建立了稻田土壤中盐酸吗啉胍的高效液相色谱检测方法。采用丙酮-水-饱和氯化钠(60∶5∶5,体积比)混合溶液对稻田土壤中盐酸吗啉胍进行振荡提取,不需净化,杂质无干扰,该方法有机溶剂使用少、费用低。盐酸吗啉胍标准溶液在0.10~10.08 mg/L范围时,峰面积(y,m AU)与盐酸吗啉胍的浓度(x,mg/L)呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为:Y=160.83 X+2.516 4,相关系数R2=0.999 2。在稻田土壤样品中的平均加标回收率为84.7%~91.7%,RSD为4.0%~6.6%。盐酸吗啉胍在供试三地的稻田土壤中消解半衰期为8.07~13.62 d。     

尼罗罗非鱼β2m基因的克隆、多态性分析及组织表达特征

β2-微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin,β2m)是主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)Ⅰ分子的亚基之一,与MHC-Ioα链非共价结合构成MHC Ⅰ分子.本实验通过反转录PCR(RT-PCR)和cDNA末端快速扩增技术(rapid-amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)克隆了尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus) β2m基因的全长cDNA序列及基因组序列,并对cDNA多态性、mRNA组织分布及感染链球菌后表达的变化进行了分析.结果共获得尼罗罗非鱼2条β2m基因cDNA,全长分别为900和906 bp.两cDNA均包括351 bp的ORF,共编码116个氨基酸残基,还包含68 bp的5'非编码区(5'-UTR)和486(492) bp的3'-UTR.两条cDNA对应各自不同的基因组序列.基因组序列分析发现,β2m基因含3个外显子和2个内含子.尼罗罗非鱼β2m基因推测氨基酸序列与其他物种的β2m基因相似性在39.20％～89.80％之间.β2m基因cDNA多态性分析表明,尼罗罗非鱼中共有2种不同类型的β2m cDNA,每种类型cDNA又有3种不同的亚型.定量PCR分析表明,β2m基因在尼罗罗非鱼脾脏、心脏和肾脏中表达量最高,鳃与肠中的表达量较高,在皮肤和肌肉中的表达量最低.腹腔注射无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)后,尼罗罗非鱼β2mmRNA表达量在4个所检测组织(鳃,肾脏,心脏和脾脏)中均出现了先上升后下降的变化趋势.本实验结果表明,β2m基因可能参与尼罗罗非鱼的免疫应答,在免疫反应中发挥重要功能.本研究有助于进一步了解尼罗罗非鱼的免疫调节机制和更好地理解鱼β2类m的生理功能.     

Oil and protein quality of groundnut mutants

Variability in oil quality was observed in four groundnut mutants (TG-1, TG-3, TG-14, TG-16) induced by -irradiation. The fatty acid composition of the mutants differed from their parent Spanish Improved. All the mutants had lower linoleic and higher oleic acid than the parent Spanish Improved. TG-3 and TG-14 had substantially higher linoleic acid and lower oleic acid as compared with TG-1 and TG-16. Other fatty acids also showed minor variation amongst mutants and Spanish Improved. The ratio of oleic to linoleic acid, which is an index of oil stability, was 2.7 and 3.3 fold respectively in TG-16 and TG-1 as compared with Spanish Improved.Protein percent in TG-1, TG-14 and TG-16 was higher than in Spanish Improved. Amino acid analysis of protein from mutants indicated decreases in methionine and cystine and an increase in tryptophan as compared with Spanish Improved. Other amino acids did not show any major variation between the mutants and Spanish Improved. In all varieties except TG-16, lysine was the first limiting amino acid; threonine was second limiting in all mutants. The essential amino acid content per kernel was higher in mutants than in Spanish Improved.