Cellulose acetate electrophoresis of canine plasma after fibrinogen precipitation by ethanol

Background: In routine canine medicine, anticoagulated blood is often the only sample sent to laboratories for diagnostic purposes. This hampers the interpretation of protein electrophoretic tracings because plasma contains fibrinogen, which migrates in the β–γ region. In human medicine, fibrinogen can be precipitated from plasma using ethanol. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess ethanol precipitation as a method for removing fibrinogen from canine plasma so as to facilitate the interpretation of electorphoresis results. Methods: Blood samples collected from 40 dogs were divided into plain tubes and tubes containing EDTA (n=20) or lithium–heparin (n=20). An aliquot of plasma from each sample was incubated with ethanol at a final concentration of 100 mL/L. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was then performed on serum, plasma, and plasma treated with ethanol. To verify the efficiency of ethanol treatment, fibrinogen was added to 5 canine serum samples at final concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 g/L, and electrophoresis was performed before and after ethanol treatment. Results: Visual analysis of electrophoretograms from ethanol‐treated samples confirmed the disappearance of the fibrinogen peak from the β₂‐globulin region. Treatment with ethanol caused a significant decrease in the percentage of β₂‐globulins and a significant increase in the percentage of α₂‐globulins. Absolute values of most electrophoretic fractions were significantly decreased in ethanol‐treated plasma compared with serum. Conclusions: Ethanol treatment successfully removed fibrinogen from canine plasma and normalized electrophoretic profiles, but probably also precipitated proteins other than fibrinogen. Ethanol treatment is recommended to facilitate visual identification of abnormal monoclonal peaks, but not for determining absolute protein concentrations in electrophoretic fractions.     

青海细毛羊断奶羔羊体内钠,钾及血清总脂含量的检测

对湖东种羊场２０只青海细毛羊断奶羔羊体内钠、钾及血清总脂的检测结果表明：血清钠、钾和唾液钠、钾分别为１３５．３０±１４．１７、４．５９±０．８４、１３３．４５±２５．９３、２８．２５±５．１２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，唾液钠、钾比为４．７２∶１，血清总脂４．２４±０．８６ｇ／Ｌ。     

浅谈低温地板辐射采暖的应用

低温热水地板辐射采暖是在埋设于地板内的加热盘管内循环低温热水,利用温水的散热量来加热采暖房间的地板,以房间的整个地板作为散热面,实现向房间辐射采暖的一种供暖方式。它具有舒适、节能、隔音、节省室内空间、使用寿命长等优点。     

低温胁迫对葡萄品种梅鹿辄和贝达活性氧代谢的影响

以抗寒性不同的2个葡萄品种梅鹿辄和贝达为材料,研究不同温度下其1年生枝条叶片的细胞膜相对透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等抗氧化酶活性变化,并用组织化学定位方法检测氧自由基(O2·-)和H2O2水平,以期分析各指标与葡萄抗寒性之间的关系并了解其抗寒机制。结果表明,随温度降低,两个葡萄品种叶片的细胞膜相对透性、MDA、O2·-和H2O2含量显著升高,并且抗寒性弱的梅鹿辄增大幅度显著大于抗寒性强的贝达;贝达叶片中SOD、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随温度降低显著提高且POD和CAT活性增大幅度显著高于梅鹿辄。推测POD和CAT活性及O2·-和H2O2形成速度与葡萄品种的抗寒性关系密切。     

氧气低温等离子体不同处理功率脱除MDF板中游离甲醛研究

应用低温等离子体技术，研究中密度纤维板中游离甲醛的脱除机理和效率。结果表明，处理时间10min，随着放电功率的增加，甲醛的脱除效率也逐渐增大；处理后板材的静曲强度、弹性模量和肉结奢强度也均有不同程度的提高。     

盐度对蒙古裸腹(Moina mongolica Daday)耗氧率的影响

分别测定了５‰、１０‰、２０‰、３０‰、４０‰盐度下不同体长的蒙古裸腹氵蚤的耗氧率。结果发现：在５‰～４０‰范围内，该氵蚤个体耗氧率受盐度的影响不显著，但表现出在１０‰时略高，５‰时较低，２０‰～４０‰内相近的特点；各盐度下随体长增加，氵蚤耗氧率明显升高，两者间呈显著正相关；在试验盐度内，幼氵蚤的个体耗氧率和比耗氧率分别为４．２～７．１μｇ／（个·ｄ）和４０．８～８１．４μｇ／（ｍｇ·ｄ）；成氵蚤分别为５．９～１４．０μｇ／（个·ｄ）和４０．４～８０．６μｇ／（ｍｇ·ｄ）。根据试验结果并结合以往工作，认为１０‰是蒙古裸腹氵蚤代谢最旺盛的盐度。     

左旋咪唑擦剂的研制及其驱虫试验

用自制氮酮作透皮剂研制的１５％盐酸左旋咪唑擦剂，经ＨＰＬＣ法进行离体鼠皮透皮吸收率测定，结果表明氮酮含量在３％时左旋咪唑透皮吸收效果最佳。家兔血药浓度检测结果表明，左旋咪唑擦剂透皮吸收血药浓度与肌主左旋咪唑血药浓工相近。驱虫试验表明，猪按０．１ｍｌ／ｋｇ涂药对猪蛔虫的驱虫率和虫卵减少率远达１００％。     

漆酶活化处理条件对竹材活性氧类自由基变化的影响

采用电子自旋共振波谱检测技术,分析漆酶活化毛竹材产生的自由基种类,并结合单因素方差分析方法,分析漆酶活化处理条件对毛竹材产生的活性氧类自由基相对浓度的影响。未处理毛竹材产生的自由基属酚氧自由基,而漆酶处理毛竹材产生的自由基属典型的活性氧类自由基。酶用量、反应体系pH值、处理时间、处理温度及Cu~(2 )浓度,均对活性氧类自由基相对浓度有极显著影响。当采用酶用量为30u/g、反应体系pH值为4、处理时间为2h、处理温度为60℃、Cu~(2 )浓度为30mmol/L时,漆酶活化毛竹材产生的活性氧类自由基的相对浓度最高。     

水稻种子活力综合评价模型的建立

【目的】建立水稻种子活力的数学评价模型 D(x)，旨在为水稻种子活力性状评价、鉴定和遗传改良提供参考。【方法】以 25 份水稻种子为试验材料，通过标准发芽试验、四唑染色鉴定、模拟田间试验和 Q2技术测定水稻种子的多项指标，利用主成分分析结合隶属函数法和多元线性回归对这些指标进行分析，建立种子活力的数学评价模型 D(x)。利用该模型评价不同栽培密度对水稻种子活力的影响。【结果】籼稻的发芽势、发芽率、7 d 芽长、百株鲜质量、田间芽长、田间根长、初始代谢速率（SMR）、萌发启动时间（IMT）、理论萌发时间（RGT）及四唑染色率等指标的平均值均高于粳稻，而 7 d 根长、百株干质量、萌发氧气消耗速率（OMR）的平均值略低于粳稻。在 Q2 检测中，粳稻的 IMT 值、RGT 值等指标则较优。对 13 个水稻种子活力指标进行相关性分析发现，各指标间存在不同程度的相关性，Q2 检测中的 SMR 值与 IMT 值、OMR 值、RGT 值及百株干质量极显著相关，与田间芽长显著相关；OMR 值与 SMR 值、IMT 值、RGT 值极显著相关，与发芽势显著相关。通过逐步回归建立了种子活力综合评价预测模型Y(x)=0.693+0.003X1-0.006X2-0.127X6-0.004X8+0.234X9（R2=0.94），用这 5 个指标得到的活力预测值（Y）与田间出苗率在参试材料之间的次序基本一致，且两者高度相关（r=0.83），说明用该回归方程可有效预测水稻种子活力。【结论】可选择发芽势、发芽率、百株干质量、OMR 值和 IMT 值这 5 个单项指标作为评价种子活力的依据。     

The effects of physostigmine on the electroretinogram in the beagle dog

The purpose of the study was to correlate electroretinogram (ERG) parameters with increasing levels of plasma, erythrocyte and ocular tissue cholinesterase inhibition using the beagle dog as a model for human neurovisual toxicity. The anticholinesterase compound physostigmine was administered at various steady-state intravenous infusion rates based on pharmacokinetic estimates of plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase inhibition. The most sensitive parameter was the b-wave amplitude of the rod response, which was significantly depressed compared to pretreatment at all levels of acute cholinesterase depression. The overall maximal ERG response demonstrated a trend of declining a-and b-wave amplitudes, which corresponded with the increased levels of cholinesterase depression, but these differences were not significant. The depression of the electroretinogram rod and cone amplitudes appeared to parallel plasma cholinesterase inhibition more closely than erythrocyte cholinesterase activity. Ocular tissue cholinesterase activity was significantly depressed in the retina (70%), cornea (60%) and dorsal rectus extraocular muscle (46%). Electroretinography may be a useful physiological tool for evaluating the ocular toxicity of certain chemicals or pharmaceuticals associated with cholinesterase biomarker activity.Abbreviations AChE acetylcholinesterase - Amp amplitude - BuChE butyrylcholinesterase - C _p plasma level - C _ss steady-state plasma concentration - D _L loading dose - e ^–kt the rate of elimination over time (t) - ERG electroretinogram - k elimination rate constant - Lat latency - MBW metabolic body weight - O₁–O₅ consecutive oscillatory potential wavelets - PreTx pretreatment - R rate of infusion - R _Inf rate of infusion - V _d volume of distribution