楼顶平台蔬菜水培系统设计及应用效果

在平顶楼房的顶部平台，利用循环水培技术进行蔬菜无土栽培，具有较高的经济效益和社会效益，在南方地区，每年可生产绿叶蔬菜12～16茬，平均每平方米可生产蔬菜52～66kg，每平方米面积创利58元。其栽培关键技术是利用防风墙、防护棚等设施，克服楼房顶部小气候条件变化激烈问题。     

郑州市房顶气象特征分析

利用自动气象站观测郑州市中心区5楼1年的气象资料。通过分析楼顶的太阳辐射、气温、相对湿度、气压、风速、风向、降水量等气象因子的日变化情况、月变化情况、季节变化情况,揭示城市房顶的气象特征,为进行房顶绿化提供参考。     

Hydrocarbons and Metals in Atmospheric Deposition and Roof Runoff in Central Paris

Hydrocarbons (aliphatic and aromatic) and metals (heavy metals and major elements) were measured in both atmospheric deposition and roof runoff in central Paris (France). Atmospheric deposition (wet and dry) was collected from December 2001 to October 2002 and roof runoff was sampled on three buildings with different covering materials, i.e., slate tiles and zinc sheets. This paper gives an overview of the results on the flux and distribution points of view for both atmospheric deposition and roof runoff. Results show that atmospheric fluxes of hydrocarbons and major elements increase during cold seasons, due to residential heating occurrence, while heavy metals, whose major sources have constant emission fluxes, exhibit steady atmospheric loads throughout the year. Moreover, hydrocarbon fingerprints reveal mainly biogenic and pyrolytic origins for aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, respectively. The results about roof runoff contamination suggest that the scavenging processes for hydrocarbons and metals are dependent on rainfall amount rather than on the rain event characteristics (number, intensity, duration), and dry deposition weakly contributes to the pollutant loads in roof runoff. Results also highlight that both metallic and slate roofs do not act as a source of hydrocarbons and major elements—exclusively originating from atmospheric deposition—while they act as a source of some heavy metals. Zinc-covered roofs largely release Zn and Ti, while slate roofs mainly release Pb, Ti and Cu. Whatever the material used for roof covering, roof runoff presents high Ni and V loads due to the vicinity of the chimney stacks of heating boilers.     

单屋面温室光照环境的数值实验

建立了分析单屋面温室直射光透光率、反射率及室内阴影率的计算机数学模型,并且利用该数学模型对三折式温室举例计算了温室方位角及温室长度与直射光透光率、反射率、室内阴影率的日变化关系。