鸭疫里氏杆菌生长曲线的测定

采用P L琼脂平板涂布法 ,测定鸭疫里氏杆菌WJ4株 (血清 1型 )、FXb7株 (血清 2型 )在P L肉汤中静置培养和振荡培养情况下的生长曲线。结果表明 ,在P L肉汤中振荡培养时 ,WJ4株培养 10h达生长最高峰 ( 4 7× 10 1 0 CFU mL) ,FXb7株 11h活菌数最高达 ( 4 2× 10 1 0 CFU mL) ;在静置培养时 ,WJ4株培养 2 2h达最高峰 ( 1 8× 10 9CFU mL) ,FXb7株 2 3h可达最高峰 ( 1 3× 10 9CFU mL)。     

人参生长过程中根重变化规律的研究

通过田间试验,对1993-2001年人参生长过程中根重变化规律进行了研究,并采用数学模拟的方法。对参根增重过程中某些数量规律和特点进行了分析。结果表明：参根增重的变化过程为一个S形曲线。曲线特征为逻辑斯谛(Logistie)增长曲线;参根增重速度(P)是一个连续变化的单峰曲线,极值点出现在第5年,年最大增重速度为22．65g;突变点出现在t1=3．5(年)。t2=6(年),在t1之前和t2之后,根重增长缓慢,在t1-t2之间,根重增长迅速。     

酶的提取及其催化活性研究

[目的]酪氨酸酶是一种多酚氧化酶,具有广泛用途,因此对酪氨酸酶的研究受到广泛重视。[方法]试验以 pH=7.2的 Na2HPO4-HCl缓冲溶液为体系,用分光光度计在480nm处测定土豆提取液的吸光度,以吸光度对时间的变化率(ΔA/Δt)为反应速率,建立多巴溶液的转换动力学曲线,从而可计算出酪氨酸酶的活性。[结果]结果显示在此波长下,以 pH=7.2的Na2HPO4-HCl缓冲溶液为体系,对测定体系干扰小,所测数据波动小,酪氨酸酶的活性稳定性高,为进一步确定和研究影响酪氨酸酶活性的因素提供理论依据。[结论]该试验以缓冲溶液为底物研究和测定酪氨酸酶的催化活性,准确度高,效果佳。     

城市化与粮食安全目标间的协调

城市化进程中粮食安全压力的变换，呈现为一条倒U形曲线。在人口密集型国家，保障粮食安全的城市化战略，需要满足两个条件：城市化推进中耕地减少而带来的粮食生产能力的损失，不能大于同期农业技术进步而获得的农业生产能力的提高；同时，应当选择耕地资源损失最小的大城市为主的城市化道路。     

奶牛泌乳曲线分析与饲养管理

本研究通过对泌乳曲线的峰值、波形等变化的分析，找出了影响产奶量的主要因素，并提出了改进措施。     

黄土丘陵区柠条灌木林合理平茬期的研究

本文根据柠条(Caragana korshinskii)生长的特点,即生长速率随灌木林龄的变化呈近似正态分布的特征曲线,根据曲线的几何特征,提出以柠条生长速率与峰值和右拐点连线的斜率相等的点为平茬始点,以几何曲线的右拐点为平茬终点的平茬方案。长期观测结果表明,柠条生长指标符合Logistic方程,本文以Logistic生长函数为例,说明了柠条灌木林平茬时间确定方法的具体推导过程。最后结合柠条生长指标(株高、分枝和生物量),对不同立地条件下柠条灌木林的合理平茬时间进行了探讨,结果表明,不同立地条件下柠条的合理平茬时间存在一定的差异,这种现象是由不同立地条件下水热环境的差异造成的。     

The critical N dilution curve for linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is different from other C3 species

The objective was to determine the critical N dilution curve of linseed, which is the minimal total N concentration in shoots necessary to produce the maximal shoot dry matter, and to explain possible differences with other C3 species. One main experiment was carried out in 1998/1999 on winter linseed with four levels of fertilizer N. Two plant densities were also studied, the recommended one (600 seeds m⁻²) and the minimum for canopy closure (150 seeds m⁻²), in order to investigate the stability with plant density of the critical N dilution curve. Shoot dry weights (W_S) and shoot N contents expressed in percentage (N_S) were measured for the determination of the critical dilution curve, along with organ N percentages and relative weights. The results of four other experiments were used to validate the critical N dilution curve. Three of these four trials were conducted on winter linseed (one in 1996/1997 and two in 1997/1998) with five levels of fertilizer N, and one on spring linseed in 1999 with six levels of fertilizer N.

The critical N dilution curve of linseed was different from those of other C3 species. The curve was steeper, indicating a greater decrease in the critical shoot N concentration (N_SC) as the critical shoot dry weight (W_SC) increased. This linseed curve determined with the data of the main experiment was relevant when compared to the data of the four other experiments. Organ weight ratios and N concentration of organs were investigated in a fertilizer N treatment resulting in N_S close to the critical N values, N_SC. In this treatment, the decrease in N_S was the result of both a decrease in the N percentage of all organs and a decrease in the leaf weight ratio. The difference between linseed and other C3 species was mainly due to an acceleration of the dilution of N when leaf emission stopped and the flower bud emission began. At this stage of development, the leaf weight ratio of linseed was less than that of wheat, resulting in lower N_S. For a given W_S, no significant differences in N_S, organ N percentages nor organ weight ratios were observed between the two plant densities. This indicates that the difference between linseed and other C3 species could not result from very high plant densities in linseed. Hence, it is concluded that the linseed N accumulation in shoot is different from other C3 species.     

不同山葡萄品种光响应模型拟合及综合评价

为筛选最适合山葡萄的光合-光响应模型和光能利用效果最佳的山葡萄品种,选取'北冰红"双红'左优红"雪兰红"北国红'和'双丰'6个山葡萄品种,利用直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型、直角双曲线修正模型和指数函数模型4个光响应模型,通过因子分析对最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、表观量子效率(α)、暗呼吸速率(Rdark)、光补...     

毛皮动物源粪肠球菌的分离鉴定

为获得毛皮动物源粪肠球菌,并评价其益生特性,本研究从健康成年毛皮动物（水貂、狐狸、貉）粪便中分离粪肠球菌,通过形态学观察、生化试验和16S rRNA序列分析等方法进行种属鉴定。测定分离菌株生长曲线、产酸能力、抗菌药敏感性,并挑取部分菌株测定其对于温度、人工胃液、人工胆盐的耐受能力。结果表明,分离菌株中共5株为革兰氏阳性菌,生化特性与粪肠球菌标准株基本相符,且经16S rRNA序列分析鉴定为粪肠球菌。5株菌均于培养后2 h进入对数期,8~10 h进入稳定期,且具有弱产酸能力。分离菌株对四环素、左氟沙星耐药性强,耐药率为100%,其次为青霉素（80%）、红霉素（80%）、庆大霉素（80%）、氯霉素（40%）,对氨苄西林和万古霉素敏感。水貂、狐狸和貉源的粪肠球菌对于60 ℃以下温度处理、pH>3.0的人工胃液、0.3%~0.5%浓度的胆盐耐受能力较强,对70 ℃以上高温和pH<3.0的人工胃液耐受性差。综上所述,本研究共获得5株毛皮动物源（水貂、狐狸、貉）粪肠球菌,分离菌株繁殖较快,适合在毛皮动物肠道中定植并发挥益生作用,且具有较好的益生特性和抗逆性,可作为动物用微生态制剂的候选菌种进一步研究。