黄芪多糖佐剂对猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的影响

本试验旨在探讨以黄芪多糖(astragalan,AG)为佐剂对仔猪猪瘟疫苗诱导猪瘟抗体的影响。将20日龄仔猪40头随机分成4组(n=10),即生理盐水(normal sodium,NS)组、猪瘟疫苗(swine plague vaccine,SPV)组、黄芪多糖注射液(astragalan injection,AGI)组以及黄芪多糖注射液和猪瘟疫苗(astragalan injection and swine plague vaccine,AGI-SPV)组。各组于前腔静脉采血5 mL(用于检测)后,分别于仔猪出生第20、85天连续3 d颈部肌肉注射NS 3 mL×3 d,SPV 1 mL×1 d+NS 3 mL×2 d,AGI 10 mg/kg×3 d,(AGI 10 mg/kg+SPV 1 mL)×1 d+AGI 10 mg/kg×2 d。分别采血检测20(给药前)、35、100 d血清IgG、IgM、IgA、γ-球蛋白、猪瘟抗体(SP-Ab)等。100 d血清测定结果显示,AGI组和AGI-SPV组的γ-球蛋白、IgG、IgM和IgA水平显著高于NS组和SPV组(P＜0.05),SPV组和AGI -SPV组猪瘟抗体阻断率分别显著高于35 d和20 d,且AGI-SPV组高于SPV组(P＜0.05)。 AG作为免疫佐剂能提高猪瘟疫苗对仔猪的免疫力,其作用机制与增加免疫球蛋白和促进猪瘟抗体形成有关。     

鹅细小病毒研究进展

小鹅瘟是由鹅细小病毒引起的一种急性、亚急性烈性传染病,是目前危害养鹅业的重要传染病之一。近年来关于鹅细小病毒的研究又有了新的发展和新的观点,作者从鹅细小病毒分子生物学、检测方法、致病机理和抗原位点的定位等方面进行了阐述。     

表达Ⅰ型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

扩增鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需区的TK基因,并在其中间引入Bgl II酶切位点,再之克隆到pUC19载体,获得载体pTK。用限制性内切酶从已有质粒pcDNA-LacZ上切下CMV启动子、多克隆位点、SV40及LacZ的完整的基因表达盒,插入到pTK的TK基因中,获得质粒pTCL。用质粒T-VP1做模板,扩增出I型鸭甲肝病毒(以前称为血清I型鸭肝炎病毒)VP1基因,克隆到质粒pTCL表达盒的多克隆位点KpnI与XbaI之间,构建含LacZ及VP1基因的转移载体质粒pT-CL-VP1。将此转移载体与鸭瘟病毒C-KCE毒株共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),经蓝斑克隆筛选和纯化,获得了遗传性状稳定的表达I型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒。     

小鹅瘟的PCR诊断及病理观察

取长春某鹅场2份疑似小鹅瘟感染病死鹅的肝脏组织进行PCR检测,结果均扩增出与预想结果一致的375 bp特异片段。取病死鹅肺脏、脾脏、肠道等组织,用10%中性福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋,HE染色,进行病理组织学观察,结果显示,肠道呈纤维素性－坏死性肠炎病变,肺脏、肝脏、肾脏、脑等器官实质细胞均出现不同程度的损伤。     

环渤海蝗区飞机治蝗技术的历史 概况与展望

介绍了环渤海蝗区飞机治蝗技术的发展历程,其中包括飞防机型和施药技术、防蝗药剂及治蝗配套技术等,并对该区飞机防蝗技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于多元统计分析的永寿县刺槐人工林健康评价研究

为了调查陕西省永寿县刺槐人工林的健康状况,以及建立更加客观、科学的森林健康评价体系,在永寿县布设45块刺槐人工林样地并调查,采用主成分分析和聚类分析评价刺槐样地健康状况,并采用判别分析对健康评价结果进行检验。结果表明,研究区刺槐人工林中健康林分占33.33%,亚健康占64.44%,不健康占2.22%,判别分析和聚类分析的结果具有较好的一致性。研究区内人工林需要进行疏伐等经营措施提高林分健康水平,且主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法能够用于森林健康评价中,且更具有科学性、客观性。     

山羊抗小鹅瘟血清的研制和应用

本课题采用山羊研制抗小鹅瘟高免血清获得成功,抗体琼扩效价达1:8;雏鹅皮下注射血清 1 ml,经强毒攻击,保护率为 100％;在疫区内免疫接种 25000 余只雏鹅,调查了 394 只,成活率为 92.8％,而 103只未免疫的雏鹅,成活率仅 55.3％;血清对病鹅的洽愈率为 74.3％,证明山羊抗小鹅瘟血清安全、有效。     

Technological Advances to Address Current Issues in Entomology: 2020 Student Debates

The 2020 Student Debates of the Entomological Society of America (ESA) were live-streamed during the Virtual Annual Meeting to debate current, prominent entomological issues of interest to members. The Student Debates Subcommittee of the National ESA Student Affairs Committee coordinated the student efforts throughout the year and hosted the live event. This year, four unbiased introductory speakers provided background for each debate topic while four multi-university teams were each assigned a debate topic under the theme ‘Technological Advances to Address Current Issues in Entomology’. The two debate topics selected were as follows: 1) What is the best taxonomic approach to identify and classify insects? and 2) What is the best current technology to address the locust swarms worldwide? Unbiased introduction speakers and debate teams began preparing approximately six months before the live event. During the live event, teams shared their critical thinking and practiced communication skills by defending their positions on either taxonomical identification and classification of insects or managing the damaging outbreaks of locusts in crops.     

转Bt基因水稻对东亚飞蝗抗寒性的影响

为了探究转 Bt基因水稻对东亚飞蝗抗寒性的影响,在室内条件下以转 Bt基因水稻和非转基因水稻分别喂养东亚飞蝗3代,用过冷却点仪测定东亚飞蝗的过冷却点和冰点。结果表明,转 Bt基因水稻饲养的东亚飞蝗的4龄、5龄幼虫、成虫(雌和雄)的过冷却点分别为-5.89、-7.59、-6.64和-6.79,与对照组无显著差异。     

Chemical changes during the fermentation of African locust-bean (Parkia filicoidea Welw) seeds for production of ‘Daddawa’

African locust-bean (Parkia filicoidea Welw) seeds were allowed to ferment under natural conditions and the chemical changes occurring during the fermentation were studied. Chemical analysis of fermented and unfermented beans showed a marked decrease in the total sugar content; crude and true protein levels all increased. The results of the chemical analyses indicate that fermentation resulted in protein enrichment of the fermented locust bean (daddaw). Fermentation also imparts a characteristic flavour and odour to the beans.