Evaluation of Caspase-3 and Ki-67 expression in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by Platycodi radix water extract in Sprague–Dawley rats

Platycodi radix is widely used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. This study aimed to investigate cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (Caspase-3) potential in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by a Platycodi radix water extract in a subchronic toxicity study. One hundred formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded stomach tissues of rats treated with Platycodi radix at doses of 0, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 mg/kg body weight/day were used for the analysis. They were conventionally stained using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemically (IHC) stained using caspase-3 and Ki-67 antibodies. The incidence of squamous cell hyperplasia was significantly increased in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group in both sexes (p<0.01). However, the hyperplastic change was completely repaired after 4 weeks of recovery period. Ki-67 expression was similar in all groups, with no statistically significant differences among the groups. Caspase-3 expression was significantly increased in both sexes in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group (p<0.01), compared with the vehicle control groups, and then reduced to normal levels in the recovery groups in both sexes. In conclusion, this study showed that squamous cell hyperplasia induced by the Platycodi radix water extract in the limiting ridge of the stomach is not considered to be abnormal proliferative change; as a result, squamous cell hyperplasia is considered to be a non-adverse effect when induced by the oral administration of the Platycodi radix water extract once daily for 13 weeks in rats.     

甲基磺酸乙酯诱变西瓜种子的条件优化

为探明EMS诱变西瓜种子的最佳条件,以石红为试材,设置种子切口与不切口2种处理方式,采用6个诱变浓度(0.40%,1.00%,1.20%,1.40%,1.60%和2.00%)和5个诱变时间(4、10、12、14、16 h)共30个不同处理组合对西瓜种子萌发的影响进行研究。结果表明,切口处理能显著提高西瓜种子对EMS诱变剂的敏感性,共筛选出6个处理组合,诱变效果最接近半致死剂量,分别是1.20%+12 h、1.20%+14 h、1.20%+16 h、1.40%+12 h、1.40%+14 h和1.40%+16 h,对应的西瓜种子相对发芽率分别为50.38%、52.21%、51.97%、48.95%、49.97%和48.82%。以用量少且用时短为原则,确定EMS诱变西瓜种子的最佳组合是1.20%EMS诱变12 h。     

关于皆伐的思考

本文从景观层次上对皆伐的应用进行了分析 ,得出皆伐是森林主伐的一种行之有效的方式。在森林主伐中 ,应根据立地条件和景观格局 ,恰当考虑皆伐的应用。     

Morphological variation in Astragalus hamosus L. and Coronilla scorpioides L. populations of Tunisia

Morphological variation between Astragalus hamosus and Coronillascorpioides populations was studied using local germoplasm collected in northern and central Tunisia. Twenty-one morphological traits were recorded and data were analysed using complementary statistical analysis. Considerable variation based on morphological and agronomical traits was found between populations and for both species. Pod and peduncle lengths as well as flowers number were the most discriminant variables between populations. Differences were also found for variables like seed number per pod, seed yield and dry matter production. Significant correlations were found between plant traits and the environmental parameters of the origin sites. This study revealed enough variation among populations to initiate a selection programme for pasture improvement in arid and semi-arid areas of Tunisia, where the two species are well adapted. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Electronegativity Scale of Elements Calculated by Density Functional Theory and Related Methods

In chemistry and many related fields, electronegativity (EN) is an important fundamental concept and its scale is a useful physcochemical parameter. Here, calculations of both ionization potentials and electron affinities are extended toward 107 elements and done by density functional theory at the local density approximation(LDA) level and the LDB level, i.e., the local density approximation level with further non-local corrections for exchange and correlation included self-consistently as well as the modified Slater transition-state method. The definite-differentiation method is employed into calculations of the electronegativity scale and the related parameters of 107 elements with very good results due to the consideration of relativistic effects. The calculation presented is to examine both the LDA and LDB approximations in calculations for the ionization potential and electron affinity of the elements with an improved or modified Slater transition-state method, and relativistic effects have also been taken into account for 107 elements compared with 103, 86 or less in the previous report under a spin polarized density function theory with some approximations to the exchange-correlation function. The calculation results for the various quantities represent an obviously improvement over some previous calculations. It is shown that the results calculated by the extended technique and the improved Slater transition-state method in general agree well with experimental values presented by Pearson, and are better than the reported values in many previous literatures. The developed new electronegativity scale will widely be applicable in many fields such as molecular structural parameterization expression, chemobiological activity optimization prediction, structure-activity quantitation modeling, functional chemical adaptization designing, and so on.     

Nonlinear Predictive Control of Small Sag cable with Axial Displacement

An approach for the control of a small sag cable is presented.The approach is based on a nonlinear predictive control scheme that determines the required axial displacement input so that the predicted response match the desired Results.It is accomplished by minimizing the norm squared local errors between the predicted and desired values.Finally simulation results that use the new control strategy to demonstrate the effective are show.     

Study on ES Based Generation System Planning

Based on the analysis of expert experience on generation system planning(GPS), the theory of knowledge based method is introduced into GPS to express the constraints of engineering(viz. Expert experience of engineering), and to discard abundant improper program during the earlier stage of GPS. In this situation, the difficulty degree of optimizing calculation in the later stage of GPS is lessened. And then, integrating expert system with production simulation in a method of GPS is proposed and is verified with an example. The results show that the method presented is effective.     

Experimental Study on the Deformation Characteristics of Fine-Sandstone Under the Loading and Unloading Conditions

The deformation characteristics of the fine-sandstone is studied under the loading and unloading conditions at the three different deformation-rates and the two different stress-levels. The experimental results show that there is really the plastic-loop in the deformation curve for the loading deformation curve is different from the unloading deformation curve. But the plastic-loop is nearly unchangeable since the second circulate loading. The residual-deformation is be almost zero since the second circulate loading, and that the slope of the deformation curve increases as the deformation-rate increases, and that the residual-deformation increases as the stress-levels increases.     

近30年牙克石春季桃花水气象条件分析

为了找出桃花水的发生规律、预报着眼点,积极采取防范措施,为牙克石防灾减灾的决策服务提供依据,通过数理统计分析方法对牙克石1981-2010年桃花水发生情况、降水量和气温进行统计分析。结果表明,桃花水发生条件与冬季降水量和开春期的气温变化有密切关系。牙克石3-4月气温变化过程和冬季降水量是影响桃花水的主要因素,桃花水灾情持续时间与冬季降水量呈正比,桃花水的发生几率呈上升趋势。就牙克石而言,当上1年的冬季降水量≥58.4 mm,次年3月日平均气温≥-4.4℃,日最低气温≥-15.4℃时,应注意防范桃花水。