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931.
932.
Atien Priyanti Rob Cramb Vyta W. Hanifah I. G. A. P. Mahendri 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2015,56(3):335-350
Despite its small area and intensively cropped landscape, East Java accounts for 30% of Indonesia's cattle population. About two million households draw on family labour to raise cattle in backyard sheds and small enclosures, largely for cash income. In this paper, we examine the opportunity for such small‐scale producers to benefit from Indonesia's economic transformation, given the rising urban demand for beef. The paper reports on a study in two contrasting sites in East Java – irrigated lowlands and rainfed uplands – to explore the constraints facing small‐scale cattle producers in these environments, the means by which they have adapted to these constraints (especially by going beyond the farm household to access feed supplies) and possible means to enhance their production systems and incomes. The findings suggest that such cattle production systems can provide a viable source of livelihood, even for resource‐poor households; hence, appropriately adapted cattle improvement programmes are a sensible component of a pro‐poor development strategy. 相似文献
933.
Ricardo Augusto Diniz Cabral Ferreira Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho Fernando Henrique Ribeiro Barrozo Toledo Angela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(5):599-604
In the common bean crop in Brazil, the requirement of the value for cultivation and use trials is that these experiments must be conducted over two years in three locations per region. Information in regard to the necessary number of years to ensure precision in cultivar recommendation and the influence of evaluated years in the estimation of the GE interaction are still scarce. Using grain yield of five check varieties assessed over 11 years in three sowing seasons per year, the aims of this study are as follows: to measure the relative contribution of the GE interaction, evaluating the implication of the number of years in the estimates of the GE interaction, and infer how many years are needed to ensure precision in cultivar recommendation. For instances, analysis of variance was carried out involving all environments and also combinations of years. The results showed that the GE interaction was greater than all other cross‐effects involving lines. The use of at least two years allows good coincidence in cultivar recommendation compared to the whole period. Increasing the evaluation time is a good strategy, especially when it is difficult to grow three different sowing seasons. 相似文献
934.
A breeding program was initiated at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in 1990 to develop thermosensitive genic
male sterile (TGMS) rice lines for developing two-line rice hybrids for the tropics. The TGMS trait was transferred from a
temperate japonica TGMS mutant, Norin PL 12, to indica and tropical japonica rice varieties using the pedigree selection procedure.
Six new TGMS rice lines adapted to tropical conditions were developed which showed complete pollen and spikelet sterility
when maximum temperature was higher than 30 °C 1–2 week after panicle initiation. However, up to 85.5% spikelet fertility was observed when these lines were exposed to
26–29 °C during the critical stage. Using two of these TGMS lines, some heterotic rice hybrids showing 1–1.6 t/ha higher grain yield
than the inbred check varieties were identified in unreplicated observational yield trial conducted at IRRI. Two of the six
two-line hybrids yielded significantly higher than the check variety in a replicated preliminary yield trial.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
935.
Moderate to high heterosis for yield and ten related characters was studied in 45 crosses involving six indica (I) and four
tropical japonica (J) varieties of rice under three (E1-optimum sowing and high fertility, E2-both optimum sowing and fertility and E3- late sowing and high fertility) environments. Trends of magnitude of heterosis for grain yield and plant height were I/J
> I/I > J/J and for days to 50% flowering I/J > J/J > I/I hybrids. Estimates of standard heterosis (%) for grain yield were
–64.5 to 146.1 in E1, –70.4 to 82.2 in E2 and –67.2 to 63.8 in E3. Environment E1 seemed to be more favorable for higher heterosis expression than others. Higher heterosis in yield also accompanied heterosis
in panicle number, dry matter and spikelet and grain number per panicle. Most estimates for days to flower were negative.
Heterotic I/J hybrids also recorded maximum heterosis for earliness. Moderate to low standard heterosis for plant height across
environments (2.0 to 13.7%) was recorded. Hybrids were identified in specific environments for direct exploitation
in hybrid breeding. Hybrids B4116 / Sarjoo 52, B4122 / Pant Dhan 4 and B4122 / Narendera 359 were more stable than others
over three environments.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
936.
937.
As a large burning coal country, resolving the SO2 letting problem is the most important thing in the environment protection work. Electric power industry reveals the supply's load rate declining and the discrepancy between apex and vale augments year after year. It makes the load adjustment become an imminency task in the electric power industry. The article popularizes the light power saving technology in the inhabitant living lighting power through reinforcing the DSM technology. It studies the influence on energy and environment after using the technology. It studies avoidable electricity quantity, avoidable electricity power, avoidable apex load, avoidable coal consuming and avoidable SO2 lettling. At last, it makes a concrete analysis with a city's example. 相似文献
938.
Eva Johansson 《Euphytica》2002,126(1):143-149
Variation in falling number, amylase activities, protein concentration and composition were investigated in two wheat cultivars
grown in Sweden over two seasons, in four locations, with four N fertilizer rates, with and without fungicide treatment. The
results showed that;
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
• | Tarso had higher falling number, amylase activities, protein concentration and amount of most protein components compared to Kosack. |
• | The environment (year, location, N rate and fungicide treatment) influenced falling number, alpha amylase activities, and protein concentration and composition. |
• | Two processes were related to low falling numbers; late maturity leading to poor starch and protein quality and excessive rains leading to break-down of starch and proteins. |
• | Poor starch and protein properties influenced the bread-making quality to a higher extent than break-down of starch and proteins. |
939.
CHEN Zuo chang 《保鲜与加工》2002,(2):93-97
With social development, the environment has become one of the major topics in human life. Although the construction project may improve economy and environment, it also may exert negative impact on environment. Cost, schedule and quality are three important objectives of construction project and on the objective of environment have not been focused. The author of this paper reiterated the importance of environmental control for the construction project and key areas to be focused on during the whole process of construction project. 相似文献
940.
The environment ethic deals with the research on relation between human beings and the nature. The residential environment ethic is a detail study of environment ethic, which studies the relation between human beings and residential environment. The residential environment ethic presents the human duty to care about and protect residential environment and actually to protect human beings themselves. But the residential environment is facing many dangers, such as city pollution and indoor air pollution, which are closely related to building materials. So, one of the ways for improving the residential environment quality is to use green building materials. 相似文献