鸡leptin及其受体的研究进展

leptin是肥胖基因(obese gene,ob基因)的蛋白产物,与其受体(leptin receptor,LEPR)结合后参与动物的摄食、能量代谢、生殖和激素分泌等生物学功能调控.笔者对鸡leptin在采食行为、能量代谢、繁殖性能和激素分泌等方面的生物学作用和leptin抵抗进行了综述.     

用原位杂交法研究猪下丘脑内瘦素长形受体mRNA的分布定位

用体外转录方法合成了瘦素（leptin）长形受体（Ob-Rb)反应和正义RNA探针，用原位杂交法研究了5冰头2－3月龄母猪下丘脑内瘦素长形受体mRNA的分布定位，结果表明，猪瘦素长形受体mRNA分布于下丘脑的的弓状核、腹内侧核，背内侧核，室旁核，室周核和下丘脑外侧区。     

The relationship between plasma leptin concentrations and the distribution of body fat in crossbred steers

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between plasma leptin levels and fat distribution in crossbred steers. Twenty-four crossbred steers (Japanese Black × Holstein) were used in this study. Six steers belonged to the growing phase (11 months of age), and 18 steers to the finishing phase (from 21 to 28 months of age). Plasma leptin levels correlated positively with body fat weight ( r  = 0.807, P  < 0.01), body fat percentage ( r  = 0.802, P  < 0.01), visceral fat weight ( r  = 0.807, P  < 0.01), visceral fat percentage ( r  = 0.780, P  < 0.01), subcutaneous fat weight ( r  = 0.745, P  < 0.01), subcutaneous fat percentage ( r  = 0.734, P  < 0.01), intermuscular fat weight ( r  = 0.793, P  < 0.01), intermuscular fat percentage (0.775, P  < 0.01), renal fat weight ( r  = 0.694, P  < 0.01), renal fat percentage ( r  = 0.642, P  < 0.01), subcutaneous fat thickness ( r  = 0.755, P  < 0.01), intermuscular fat thickness ( r  = 0.721, P  < 0.01), beef marbling score ( r  = 0.706, P  < 0.01) and the crude fat content of Musculus longissimus thoracis ( r  = 0.592, P  < 0.01). The location of fat deposits did not affect the correlation values. However, when steers were divided into growing ( n  = 6) and finishing ( n  = 18) groups, there was no significant correlation between plasma leptin levels and the carcass characteristics related to fat deposition (fat weight, fat percentage, carcass traits) in either group. These results suggest that plasma leptin levels in crossbred steers positively correlate with body fat content and carcass traits when these parameters vary widely.     

Gene expression profiling in embryonic chicken ovary during asymmetric development

The reproductive system in female birds arises as bilateral asymmetrical anlagen, excluding the birds of prey. Earlier, histological and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profile studies of several genes related to gonadal sex differentiation in chicken embryos tried to elucidate the query of this asymmetry in a scattered manner. To understand the matter precisely, we have focused on mRNA expression of a cohort of genes (FSHR, CYP19A1, caspase 3, caspase 8) in second half of the embryonic days (E10–E18). The established role of leptin in development of the embryo and its expression in the embryonic ovary also drove us to check leptin receptor (LEPR) expression in the ovary. Increased expression of FSHR and CYP19A1 in the left ovary compared with that in the right ovary was identified (P < 0.05), promoting preferential left ovarian development and functionality. Significant high expression (P < 0.05) of the apoptotic genes in the right ovary were also involved here. Leptin probably has no direct influence on ovarian asymmetry as no significant variation in gonadal mRNA expression of LEPR was observed within the same experimental days. We propose that asymmetric expression of this cohort of genes (FSHR, CYP19A1, caspase 3, caspase 8) leads to the development of dimorphic gonads during embryogenesis.     

湖羊瘦素基因内含子2多态性及其与体重性状的相关性分析

利用测序和PCR-RFLP技术对85只湖羊个体瘦素(leptin)基因第2内含子进行多态性分析,检测到A99G和C150T两个SNPs,两座位的优势基因型均为野生基因型,基因型频率分别为0.7882和0.8000,突变纯合型均未检测到;卡方检验结果表明,两座位的基因型频率处于哈代—温伯格平衡(P＞0.05);统计分析结果表明,A99G和C150T座位的不同基因型与初生重、3月龄体重、6月龄体重之间的相关关系不显著(P＞0.05)。     

瘦素的分泌调节及其在动物生产中的应用

瘦素是由脂肪细胞分泌,由肥胖基因编码的一种蛋白质激素,也是一种免疫因子,可以调控动物摄食,体脂代谢,参与多种疾病的调节以及影响生殖和泌乳.文章综述影响瘦素分泌和基因表达的因素及其在动物生产上的应用.     

瘦素对猪脂肪沉积与代谢调控的研究进展

瘦素（leptin）具有参与抑制摄食、能量代谢、激素分泌、骨代谢、生殖与发育和免疫等过程的生物学功能。作者综述了瘦素和瘦素受体的功能性结构及其与脂肪沉积与代谢的关系,探讨了瘦素对猪脂肪代谢的调控机制,总结了该领域当前的研究概况及研究方向。     

半滑舌鳎两种leptin基因的体外重组表达和生物活性分析

根据半滑舌鳎lepa和lepb编码氨基酸序列合成开放阅读框ORF肽段。利用原核表达载体pEQ30成功构建了半滑舌鳎lepa/pQE30和lepb/pQE30重组质粒,分别转化至大肠杆菌M15后,经IPTG诱导获得了N端含6个组氨酸的半滑舌鳎LepA和LepB重组蛋白。获得的重组蛋白大小均为16 ku,37°C下用0.5 mmol/L的IPTG诱导4 h后目的蛋白表达量最高,主要以包涵体形式存在。检测半滑舌鳎LepA和LepB重组蛋白浓度分别为0.3和0.25 mg/mL。Western blot免疫印迹和质谱分析表明,获得的LepA和LepB重组蛋白均具有免疫活性且序列正确。Ni2+-NTA亲和层析柱纯化可获得高纯度的半滑舌鳎LepA和LepB重组蛋白。离体孵育实验表明,获得的半滑舌鳎LepA和LepB重组蛋白能显著抑制半滑舌鳎下丘脑lepa、lepb和gnrh3 mRNA的表达水平,表明获得的重组蛋白具有明显的生物活性。研究结果可为探究leptin在半滑舌鳎生长发育中的调控机制提供重要参考。     

共轭亚油酸对北京油鸡肉品质及血清leptin和脂蛋白脂酶的影响

选用1日龄北京油鸡公雏360只,随机分成5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复12只鸡,饲喂玉米豆粕型饲料基础日粮,添加0、0.25%、0.5%、1%、2%共轭亚油酸(CLA),用以研究CLA对北京油鸡脂类代谢和肉质性状的长期影响,试验期18周。结果表明:饲粮CLA提高了饲料利用率(P<0.05),显著性地降低了北京油鸡腹脂率和血清中脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、leptin,显著增加了肌内脂肪的含量(P<0.05),但对pH值和肉色无显著性影响(P>0.05)。     

瘦素及其生理功能概述

瘦素是脂肪细胞分泌的一种细胞因子,其分布广泛,在调节机体能量平衡、维持动物正常的发情周期、促进免疫、提高乳蛋白含量和防治人类的心血管疾病等生理、病理多方面发挥着重要的作用.本文综述了瘦素及其受体的结构和特征、瘦素的主要生理功能及其在细胞中的信号转导途径.