淮河水系沙塘鳢形态特征和分类地位初步研究

研究分析了淮河水系沙塘鳢(Odontobutis obscura)的形态特征,并对其分类地位进行了探讨。可数性状:背鳍Ⅶ,Ⅰ-9~10,尾鳍14~15,臀鳍Ⅰ-7~8,腹鳍Ⅰ-5,胸鳍14~15,纵列鳞36~41,横列鳞14~18,体侧感觉乳突线鳞28~30,第一鳃弓鳃耙数9~11,脊椎骨数28~29。可量性状:全长是体长(1.23±0.03)倍;体长是体高(3.82±0.45)倍,是头长(3.08±0.49)倍,是尾柄长(5.19±0.54)倍,是消化道长(1.86±0.52)倍,是肠长(6.99±2.86)倍;头长是吻长(2.94±0.42)倍,是眼径(6.09±0.87)倍,是眼间距(3.86±0.61)倍,是口裂宽(1.94±0.27)倍;体高是体厚(0.96±0.11)倍;尾柄长是尾柄高(1.66±0.18)倍。     

水分胁迫对北京城市绿化树种水分状况和栓塞的影响

该文选取了北京3个城市绿化树种国槐、小叶黄杨和女贞为研究对象,采用便携式压力室SKYE(SKPM1400)和改良的冲洗法,分别测定了在不同水分状况下3个树种水势和导水率损失的变化规律.结果显示,3个树种忍耐低水势的能力是小叶黄杨>女贞>国槐,不同树种经抗旱锻炼后对水分胁迫的反应产生了差异.同时,不同水分条件下3个树种导水率损失变化情况有差异.     

玛可河林区红脂大小蠹发生危害及防治对策

根据红脂大小蠹的生活习性及在玛可河林区发生危害现状,针对性的提出了对红酯大小蠹害虫的防治对策。     

农民协会的建立与完善

建立农民协会不仅受宪法保障,而且是实行民主政治、建立有限政府、构建农村市民社会、发展农村社会主义市场经济的需要。应通过准确定位,完善相关法律法规,加强自身建设等途径,推动农民协会的建立与完善。     

杂种优势的进化意义探析——以适合度对随机交配群体遗传多样性的贡献为依据

从群体遗传的角度将杂种优势与近交衰退的定义进行类比,认为杂种优势应该用适合度来综合衡量。建立数学模型,推导出随机交配群体3种基因型RR、Rr、rr在不同适合度下的平衡状态,揭示杂种优势是群体中复等位基因存在的先决条件。发现杂种优势通过提高杂合个体的适合度,避免淘汰不同类型的基因,从而保护群体的遗传多样性,使群体具有较强的自我调节和进化潜力;让个体意义上的适应与群体层次的适应协调一致,深化了达尔文的个体选择思想。     

浙江省资源植物的分布、开发利用现状及其前景

资源植物的开发利用是促进区域经济发展的重要举措。本文对浙江省资源植物的分布状况和开发利用现状进行了阐述,并对浙江省资源植物的进一步开发利用提出了建议。     

促进中小企业集群创新 增强产业竞争力

产业集群是现代经济的特色、优势和重要支撑,在整个工业经济中占有举足轻重的地位。因此,要进一步推进工业结构优化升级,加快经济发展方式转变,一个重要突破口和主攻方向就是要促进产业集群的优化升级,特别是中小企业,如果能合理运用产业要素变动并以政府牵头建立良好的区域环境等有利因素,就可以在不太长的时间内加快产业集群的发展,发挥产业集群的效应,提高产业效率,从而对加强中小企业的竞争力具有不可估量的意义。     

The Study on the Effects of Chinese Herbal Mixtures on Growth, Activity of Post-Ruminal Digestive Enzymes and Serum Antioxidant Status of Beef Cattle

Sixteen Limousin×Luxi crossbred beef cattle [099.4±8.67) kg] were used to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures (CHM) on growth, activities of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle. Treatments were control (no CHM supplementation) and three formulations of CHM (CHM-A, CHM-B and CHM-C) that were arranged as completely randomized design. The calves were fed in indoor individual feeding barn with total mixed ration for 90 d.The CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C was incorporated into the diet at the level of 20 g kg-1 DM (dry matter) of concentrate.The cattle were weighted at the beginning, at the end and every 15 d between to determine growth rate. Blood sample was taken every 30 d to analyze activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The cattle were slaughtered at the end of experiment and chymus samples from various section of the post-ruminal digestive tract were collected to analyze enzymes activities. All cattle had similar average daily gain, but cattle supplemented with CHM-A tended faster growth (P=0.08) compared to the control and other CHM treatments. Supplementation of CHM did not affect Ph of chymus in any section of the post-ruminal digestive tract.Activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase in chymus samples were enhanced (P<0.05) to various extents by supplementation of CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C depending on the enzymes and the site of the digestive tract. Amylase activity was increased only by CHM-A and CHM-C from chymus sample collected at the ileum. Supplementation of CHM-A and CHM-B reduced (P<0.05) concentration of MDA, but did not affect GSH-PX activity in the serum of cattle throughout the entire experimental period. Cattle supplemented with CHM-B also had higher (P<0.05) T-SOD activity in the serum at day 30 and 60 as compared with the control and the other two CHM treatments. Chinese herbal mixtures supplemented at the levels of 20 g kg-1 DM of concentrate increased post-ruminal digestive enzymes activity and enhanced serum antioxidant status. Inclusion of CHM-A and CHM-B in the diet may be favourable for ruminant production.     

国内外叶类蔬菜贮藏保鲜技术研究现状

通过分析介绍近几年国内外有关叶类蔬菜贮藏保鲜技术的原理及研究现状,包括冷藏、气调、生物保鲜剂、涂膜及冷杀菌技术,并对我国叶类蔬菜保鲜的发展方向进行了初步设想,为延长叶类蔬菜的储藏期研究提供一定的参考依据。     

广州市生态景观林带的植物现状及优化建议

为探明岩溶石漠化山地生态重建后的植被生产力特征,对桂北地区岩溶石漠化山地12年生的林分进行野外实地观测,采用分层切割法对主要造林树种的生物量空间分布格局进行研究。结果表明:6个主要造林树种在岩溶石漠化山地上均能表现出良好的生长状态,在6种绿化树种中,刺槐的各项生长指标都表现出最好的生长效果,胸径和树高年平均生长量分别达到0.65 cm和0.58 m;其次是乡土树种女贞,胸径和树高年平均生长量分别为0.63 cm和0.43 m;4个乔木树种干的生物量比例分别是刺槐(78%)、女贞(45%)、臭椿(67%)、榆树(45%),刺槐和臭椿的主干非常明显,而分枝很少;4种乔木的枝叶指数大小依次是榆树(0.41)、女贞(0.40)、臭椿(0.26)、刺槐(0.15),说明榆树和女贞具有较大的生产潜力,可以充分利用光能生产干物质;6种绿化树种的冠根比分别为刺槐(2.24)、女贞(2.64)、臭椿(3.88)、榆树(2.76)、冬青(1.39)、酸枣(4.56),表明酸枣对岩溶石漠化山地的适应性最强,而冬青最弱;单株生物量最大的是刺槐,为21.61 kg/株,其次分别为女贞、臭椿、榆树、冬青和酸枣,酸枣的生物量相对较小、仅为2.89 kg/株;6种不同林分单位面积生物量的大小为女贞>刺槐>榆树>臭椿>冬青>酸枣,相对于其他4个树种,刺槐与女贞林分表现出了很好的优势,单位面积生物量分别达了42 139 kg/hm2和50 522 kg/hm2。