RADIOGRAPHIC AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF LEFT ATRIAL SIZE IN 100 CATS WITH ACUTE LEFT‐SIDED CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

The aims of this study were to evaluate left atrial size in cats with acute left‐sided congestive heart failure. We hypothesized that left atrial size as determined by thoracic radiography can be normal in cats with acute left‐sided congestive heart failure. One hundred cats with acute left‐sided congestive heart failure in which thoracic radiography and echocardiography were performed within 12 h were identified. Left atrial size was evaluated using right lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs. Measurements were compared to two‐dimensional echocardiographic variables of left atrial size and left ventricular size. On echocardiography, left atrial enlargement was observed in 96% cats (subjective assessment) whereas maximum left atrial dimension was increased (>15.7 mm) in 93% cats. On radiographs left atrial enlargement (subjective assessment) was found in 48% (lateral view), 53% (ventrodorsal view), and 64% (any view) of cats whereas left atrial enlargement was absent in 36% of cats in both views. Agreement between both methods of left atrial size estimation was poor (Cohen's kappa 0.17). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified a maximum echocardiographic left atrial dimension of approximately 20 mm as the best compromise (Youden index) between sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of radiographic left atrial enlargement. Left atrial enlargement as assessed by thoracic radiography may be absent in a clinically relevant number of cats with congestive heart failure. Therefore, normal left atrial size on thoracic radiographs does not rule out presence of left‐sided congestive heart failure in cats with clinical signs of respiratory distress.     

关于中国农村留守儿童问题的调查研究

农村留守儿童已经成为当今一个不容忽视的社会问题。本文通过抽样调查,对比留守儿童和非留守儿童,来研究留守儿童在学习、生活、心理和道德方面出现的问题,并分析了产生这些问题的原因。     

Feasibility of radial and circumferential strain analysis using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography in cats

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of strain analysis using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in cats and to evaluate STE variables in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Sixteen clinically healthy cats and 17 cats with HCM were used. Radial and circumferential strain and strain rate variables in healthy cats were measured using STE to assess the feasibility. Comparisons of global strain and strain variables between healthy cats and cats with HCM were performed. Segmental assessments of left ventricle (LV) wall for strain and strain rate variables in cats with HCM were also performed. As a result, technically adequate images were obtained in 97.6% of the segments for STE analysis. Sedation using buprenorphine and acepromazine did not affect any global strain nor strain rate variable. In LV segments of cats with HCM, reduced segmental radial strain and strain rate variables had significantly related with segmental LV hypertrophy. It is concluded that STE analysis using short axis images of LV appeared to be clinically feasible in cats, having the possibility to be useful for detecting myocardial dysfunctions in cats with diseased heart.     

农村留守儿童交往问题的实证研究

通过自行编制的儿童交往量表,对2所农村初级中学和1所小学留守儿童进行抽样调查研究.结果表明,12个方面的交往特征上交往问题检测率分别为:亲情冷漠与憎恨占留守儿童数量的1.7%;孤独与郁闷占23.2%;受歧视占4.7%;亲情梦占51.0%;担忧与失眠占11.7%;学习辅导缺失占1.3%;受欺负与攻击占11.1%;放任与自暴自弃占14.8%;虚拟社区占2.3%;亲情管教缺失占9.4%;亲师占67.8%;疏远老师占17.1%;亲同学占84.9%;疏远同学占11.4%.留守儿童存在着比较严重的交往问题,最为典型的是亲情梦,孤独与郁闷,放任与自暴自弃,担忧与失眠,受欺负与攻击等.留守儿童的交往问题显著地受父母在外打工时间和回家间隔时间长短的影响,时间越长影响越严重.同时存在年级差异和性别差异,年级越低受到的影响越大,4年级留守儿童显著地在各个交往特征上受到最深重的影响.留守儿童女生比男生在交往交流问题上需要更多的关注和帮护.     

一类次对称矩阵反问题的最小二乘解

讨论了一类次对称矩阵反问题的最小二乘解，得到了解的具体表达式；并就这类矩阵的左右逆特征对问题进行了讨论，得到了有解的充分条件及解的通式。     

生物脱胶苎麻纤维性能研究

应用一种简便、廉价的细菌脱胶方法对苎麻进行脱胶，研究脱胶后的苎麻纤维性能。结果表明，苎麻细菌脱胶后残胶率1．82％，达到了脱胶要求。且松散了苎麻纤维横截面组织结构，对苎麻中纤维素无破坏，提高了上染色率12％左右，单纤维强力比碱液脱胶的大0．15N／tex，对白度影响不大。说明该脱胶法是一种绿色生产工艺。     

渝东北生态涵养发展区留守妇女性传播疾病调查分析

目的 明确渝东北生态涵养发展区留守妇女性传播疾病感染现状及影响因素,完善流行病学监测及管理,为留守妇女性传播疾病防治提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取渝东北城镇及农村地区留守妇女及非留守妇女两组共90人为研究对象（每组45人）,填写生殖健康相关问卷调查,主要包括一般状况、配偶外出打工及回家状况、滋病相关知识了解情况、避孕套使用情况、既往性病感染及就医情况等。实验室检测阴道毛滴虫及白色念珠菌、解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体、淋球菌、梅毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）抗体。结果 两组共检测出2例梅毒螺旋体感染、7例沙眼衣原体感染、12例解脲支原体感染、4例淋球菌感染、4例滴虫感染、7例霉菌感染。留守妇女感染性传播疾病风险均要高于非留守妇女,且留守妇女不同年龄和学历水平与性传播疾病患病率有关,20~35岁年龄段和初中及以下学历者患病率均高于36~50岁年龄段和高中学历者（P<0.05）。结论 留守妇女性传播疾病的患病率高,求医就诊率低。加强留守妇女的性传播疾病防治及相关知识的宣传教育,定期健康筛查及干预,有助于降低留守妇女患性传播疾病的风险。     

农村留守儿童有声读物阅读推广研究

在分析有声读物对农村留守儿童成长积极影响的基础上,探讨在农村留守儿童中开展有声读物阅读推广的可行性。针对有声读物在阅读推广中存在的问题,提出应采取加大宣传力度、组建高素质推广团队、构建良好阅读环境、提供丰富的有声读物资源及全方位的阅读指导服务、开展形式多样的阅读活动等措施来促进农村留守儿童有声读物阅读推广。     

烤烟不同打顶时期·留叶数对产质量的影响

[目的]探明黔东南州黄平烟区不同长势烤烟最佳打顶时期和留叶数。[方法]研究不同打顶时期和留叶数与烟叶产质量的关系。[结果]不同打顶时期对烟叶的产质量影响最大。[结论]在黄平县生态条件下,初花打顶＋留21叶效果最好,符合优质烟的田间长势长相,烟叶质量好,产量高,能获得较高的经济效益,而且随着打顶时期的延迟,烟叶产量和质量呈下降趋势,经济效益减少。     

安徽农村留守儿童与非留守儿童成长问题的差异性分析

对安徽省农村儿童进行访谈,获取有效问卷245份,重点分析了安徽农村留守儿童和非留守儿童在学习状况、生活满意度、品德行为、心理健康的差异性。研究显示,安徽农村留守儿童和非留守儿童在学习状况、生活满意度和心理健康3方面存在显著差异,且非留守儿童好于留守儿童;在品德行为方面,二者不存在显著差异。