Prediction of the Leakage of Aluminium Alloy Casting and It''s Prevention

Two aspects of the study on the leakage of aluminium are introduced after the leakage mechanism of aluminium alloy casting is described. Three mathematical models, criteria function models, continuing equations-Darcy's law models, hydrogen diffusion-controlled pore growth models, are studied. Some measures of predicting leakage of casting in practice are summarized, such as the treatment of aluminium liquid and the adoption of new technics, Many different models of pore formation and growth have been proposed, however, each of these models has limitation and is not precision enough. Measures in practice have certain significance to the study of predicting leakage of casting, however, to obtain these measures cost a lot of time, manpower and material resource. In order to predict pore formation and growth of aluminium casting more precision, these mathematical models and practical measures should be integrated felicitously in different condition.     

浅议地下室后浇带渗漏的检测与处理

随着现代建筑功能需求的多元化,地下室成为当前城市建筑工程开发中较为常见的地下建筑结构,后浇带浇筑通常是为避免钢筋混凝土结构出现温缩或沉降裂缝而采取的施工技术工艺,受客观因素影响和制约,地下室后浇带部位通常会出现不同程度的渗漏现象,本文针对其渗漏成因及处理方法进行分析。     

不同枣品种抗寒性的比较

采用电导法,在萌芽前后对‘冬枣’、‘金丝小枣’、‘泗洪大枣’、‘木枣’、‘龙爪枣’和‘临沂梨枣’6个枣树品种的枝条进行抗寒性研究,以了解不同枣树品种的抗寒性,寻找优良的抗寒资源。结果表明:6个枣树品种萌芽前后的的抗寒性表现差异较大,萌芽前的抗寒性强弱顺序为:‘泗洪大枣’‘木枣’‘临沂梨枣’‘金丝小枣’≈‘龙爪枣’‘冬枣’,萌芽后的抗寒性强弱顺序为:‘冬枣’‘龙爪枣’≈‘临沂梨枣’‘金丝小枣’≈‘泗洪大枣’≈‘木枣’。     

Effect of Seed Maturity and Pretreatment on Dormancy and Germination of Sorbus mougeotii Seeds

The effect of harvest time on seed germination, desiccation tolerance and level of dormancy is not known in Sorbus mougeotii (Soyer-Will. & Godron). Dry weight (DW), moisture content (MC) and leakage conductivity (LC) were tested on seeds from six harvest times. Chilling requirement and germinability were tested on seeds without drying and after drying and rehydration. The effect of postharvest ripening of seeds with or without drying was also tested. The DW was stable during the last 6 weeks of maturation, whereas MC initially decreased but later increased simultaneously with an increase in LC. Seeds were desiccation tolerant, deeply dormant and after a chilling treatment germinated to a high percentage at all harvest times. The chilling requirement decreased significantly with later harvest, suggesting a decrease in level of dormancy. Drying and postharvest ripening reduced and synchronized the chilling requirement.     

关于农网改造工程两个突出问题的探讨

文章作者为多年网改工作技术管理工作多年,作者针对10KV电缆套管敷设保护管的优化选择和改造后漏电保护器的安装与管理等两个突出问题进行分析,并提出解决措施,以确保电网安全、稳定运行,提高供电质量和供电可靠性.     

Effect of temperature on herbicidal properties of MTB-951, a mycoherbicide to control Echinochloa crus-galli L.

MTB-951 is a potential mycoherbicide using a fungal plant pathogen ( Drechslera monoceras ) isolated from native Echinochloa species in Japan. Conidia of this pathogen were used as the active ingredient and the effect of temperature on its properties was examined in a laboratory. The optimum temperature for conidium germination was broad between 15 and 35°C and no difference in the germination ratio existed within this temperature range. Mycelial growth was the fastest at 25°C but was slower outside of the range 15–35°C. When leaves of Echinochloa crus-galli L. were immersed in deionized water containing the conidia, cellular electrolyte leakage from the leaves was observed. However, no electrolyte leakage occurred from leaves of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under the same conditions. The occurrence of electrolyte leakage from E. crus-galli was dependent on the temperature and was the highest at 25°C. Herbicidal activity of MTB-951 against E. crus-galli was high between 25°C and 30°C, but decreased at 35°C in a glass vessel. In the present study, it was revealed that the physiological and herbicidal properties of MTB-951 depended on the temperature.     

Phytotoxic activity of middle-chain fatty acids II: peroxidation and membrane effects

Pelargonic acid (PA), an aliphatic 9-carbon monocarboxylic acid, is a phytotoxic burn-down compound. In the light peroxidizing activity can be measured as ethane and propane formation with cress or tobacco seedlings. This effect is strong at low pH (4–5), and saturated acids with 9–10 carbon atoms represent the optimum chain length. Methyl or ethyl esters are inactive, and safeners have no influence. In contrast to the peroxidative herbicides like acifluorfen methyl neither photosynthesis nor protoporphyrin IX is involved, although peroxidation requires light. Chlorophyll is necessary since etiolated seedlings show little peroxidation. Singlet oxygen quenchers like eugenol markedly reduce peroxidation. Membrane leakage of a similar rate is observed in light as well as in darkness. PA was described as a penetration enhancer intercalating with membranes. Our data corroborate that conclusion. Accordingly, the herbicidal mode of action of pelargonic acid is due first to membrane leakage in dark or light and second to peroxidation driven by radicals originating in the light by sensitized chlorophyll displaced from the thylakoids.     

Effect of δ-aminolevulinic acid on the herbicidal efficacy of foliar-applied MTB-951, a mycoherbicide to control Echinochloa crus-galli L.

The conidia of a plant pathogen ( Drechslera monoceras [Drechsler] Subram. et Jain [=  Exserohilum monoceras [Drechsler] Leonard et Suggs]), MTB-951, which was isolated from native Echinochloa species in Japan, were used as the herbicidal active ingredient. The effects of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the efficacy of foliar-applied MTB-951 on Echinochloa crus-galli L. were examined. First, foliar-applied MTB-951 exhibited almost no efficacy when no dew period was provided. However, the efficacy increased depending on the length of the dew period. MTB-951 and ALA exhibited an additive effect on E. crus-galli under 3 day dew conditions, although they exhibited a significant synergistic effect under no-dew conditions. When the leaves of E. crus-galli were immersed in deionized water containing the conidia of MTB-951, cellular electrolyte leakage from the leaves was observed. The ALA increased the electrolyte leakage by MTB-951 synergistically. Also, ALA increased the number of lesions on the leaves of E. crus-galli caused by MTB-951 under light conditions but failed to increase the number under dark conditions. These results suggest that ALA promotes infection with MTB-951 for E. crus-galli through its photodynamic action.     

旋装式柴油滤清器外泄漏分析

介绍了旋装式柴油滤清器几个关键的外泄漏点,分析其各自特点和成因,并从设计和生产工艺的角度上加以分析,探讨其解决方案和控制方法。