鸡传染性法氏囊炎病毒的分离与提纯

取接种4周龄雏鸡的法氏囊,经匀浆,高速离心,超速离心,CsCI 密度梯度离心,可获得纯化的鸡法氏囊炎病毒(IBDV)条带。通过电子显微镜观察,说明 IBDV 呈球状,直径约60nm,无囊膜,其浮力密度为1.32g/ml。本试验所分离的病毒粒子的平均含量为957μg/ml,病毒有活力,并具有抗原的特异性。     

韩国2种夜蛾幼虫形态记述(鳞翅目)

记述了韩国夜蛾科重要害虫灰长须夜蛾Hermina tarsicrinalis (Knoch)和希饰夜蛾Pseudoips stylpha(Butler)老熟幼虫的形态特征,并提供了形态特征图.所有标本均保存在韩国江原大学校森林资源保护学科昆虫标本室.图2参5     

斑点金标免疫渗滤法诊断家畜血吸虫病的敏感性和特异性

研制成家畜血吸虫病斑点金标免疫渗滤法（DIGFA）诊断试剂盒可测出人工感染血吸虫14—42d的病牛、猪和兔的血清及血纸抗体，比病原体检查法提早28d查出病畜，达到早期诊断的要求；同时亦能检出仅感染1对血吸虫病牛抗体，证实DIGFA具有较高的敏感性。血吸虫与肝片吸虫、锥虫、蛔虫、囊虫和旋毛虫病之间未见交叉反应现象，说明本法具有较强的特异性。     

Taxonomy,distribution and biology of lettuce powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum sensu stricto)

This paper reviews the taxonomy, biology, importance, host–pathogen interactions and control of lettuce powdery mildew. The main causal agent of this disease, Golovinomyces cichoracearum s.s., is an important powdery mildew pathogen of many members of the family Asteraceae. The pathogen is distributed worldwide and occurs on Lactuca sativa as well as wild Lactuca spp. and related taxa (e.g. Cichorium spp.). Powdery mildew of lettuce can be a major problem in production areas with favourable environmental conditions for disease development (dry, hot weather). The fungus grows ectophytically and appears as white, powdery growth on both the upper and lower sides of leaves. There is rather limited information on the geographic distribution of powdery mildew on wild Lactuca spp. Most L. sativa cultivars have been found to be susceptible. Large variability in virulence was confirmed and existence of different races is supposed. Resistance in L. sativa and some related wild Lactuca spp. is characterized by race‐specificity, but the genetic background of resistance is poorly understood. Sources of resistance are known in L. saligna and L. virosa. Lettuce powdery mildew can be effectively controlled by common fungicides (e.g. sulphur, myclobutanil, quinoline, strobilurins, etc.) and protective compounds (e.g. extract of neem oil, Reynoutria sachaliensis extracts). However, fungicide resistance may arise. Non‐fungicidal activators of plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR) had no direct effect on the causal agent. Future issues regarding lettuce powdery mildew research are summarized.     

一株滇重楼内生真菌的分类鉴定及转化孕酮的研究

本文首先结合形态学特征和ITS—r DNA序列分析,鉴定菌株YNCA1219为稻恶苗霉(Fusarium moniliforme Sheld.)。以菌株YNCA1219对孕酮进行生物转化研究,分离得2个转化产物,通过核磁共振(NMR)、质谱(MS)及红外(FTIR)等手段对孕酮转化产物进行结构鉴定,其结构为11α-羟基孕酮(Ⅰ)和11α,15β-二羟基孕酮(Ⅱ)。结果表明菌株YNCA1219转化孕酮具有一定的专一性。     

禽副粘病毒2型(PMV-2)群特异性单克隆抗体的研究

禽副粘病毒2型（Yucaipa株）鸡胚成纤维细胞适应毒经差速离心和蔗糖密度梯度离心法提纯，免疫Balb/c小鼠，取脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合，经间接ELISA方法筛选，有限稀释3次克隆，获得了两株分泌PMV-2单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株6E9和7E5。经鉴定两株单抗均为IgG1亚类，杂交瘤细胞的平均染色体分别为96条和98条。细胞培养上清及腹水效价分别为1：25600、1：25600、1：51200和1：10^5、1:10^7。6E9和7E5单抗能稳定分泌抗体且与NDV、AIV、EDSV无交叉反应。间接ELISA实验表明4株PMV-2（Yucaipa株、F4株、F6株和F8株）均含有单抗6E9和7E5所针对的位点。     

Pigment deficiency correction in shrimp broodstock using Spirulina as a carotenoid source

In this study, an effort was made to cure the pigment deficiency syndrome (PDS) exhibited by pond‐reared Fenneropenaeus indicus (H.Milne Edwards) broodstock, using the blue‐green algae Spirulina as a carotenoid source in diet. The PDS symptoms included bleaching of ovary and reduced early larval performance. Biochemical analysis indicated reduced quantity of total carotenoids in egg and nauplii from the females with PDS. When PDS females were fed 30 g kg^?1Spirulina‐supplemented diet immediately after the appearance of symptoms, the egg and nauplii carotenoid values improved gradually and attained the pre‐PDS values after a minimum of 4 week period. Spirulina supplementation also improved significantly (P < 0.05) the spawn quality (hatch per spawn, nauplii per spawn, nauplii viability) and larval quality indices (P < 0.05). The egg and nauplii protein values exhibited a trend similar to carotenoids, confirming the influence of latter on protein stability previously reported by researchers. The study confirms the bioavailability of carotenoids from Spirulina to shrimp broodstock and recommends its regular inclusion in diet to preclude carotenoid deficiency‐related problems in shrimp hatcheries.     

首乌蜜对家蚕幼虫寿命的影响

用５％、１０％、２０％复方“蜂产品制品首乌蜜浸泡桑叶４小时，对家蚕（ＢｏｍｂｙｘｍｏｒｉＬ．）进行添食试验。结果表明，添食５％、１０％、２０％首乌蜜溶液分别能使家蚕幼虫寿命较对照组（以蒸馏水代替首乌蜜）延长７．７２、７．６８、４．８２小时，统计学上差异极显著（新复极差检验法；Ｐ＜０．０１）。由此证实，首乌蜜具有抗衰老作用。同时，没有发现家蚕因添食首乌蜜而死亡，说明首乌蜜没有毒性。     

小麦品种抗条锈菌小种专化性估测方法的研究

 在田间设置6品种×4小种组合的小麦条锈病隔离接种试验小区,成株期同步测定了各组合的组织学病变特征数值,包括侵入率、菌落面积、坏死面积、单菌落吸器个数和流行学特征数值,包括相对侵染点数、潜育期、病斑面积、产孢面积、孢子堆密度、病害传播速度和流行速度。计算了各品种,各项特征值的小种间变异系数和品种-小种互作方差贡献率并比较了在抗病性鉴定中利用它们估测小种专化性和非小种专化性的效果。在此基础上进行了多项指标间的相关分析。建议今后在抗病性类型鉴定中,将观察项目简化为镜检坏死面积比、单菌落吸器数或调查侵染几率、孢子堆密度等并计算这些数据的小种间变异系数来定量评价抗病性的小种专化程度。     

Evaluation of Drought-Related Traits and Screening Methods at Different Developmental Stages in Spring Barley

Despite intensive research and breeding efforts, the physiological and quantitative genetic bases of drought tolerance are still poorly understood. The comparison of results obtained from different sources is also complex, because different testing methods may lead to controversial conclusions. This report discusses various drought stress experiments (hydroponics and in soil) in which the plant tolerance was studied at different developmental stages. Tests were performed in the germination, seedling and adult plant stages on the parental lines of five well-known barley-mapping populations. The results suggest that drought tolerance is a stage-specific trait and changes during the life cycle. The effect of drought stress depended not only on the duration and intensity of water deficiency, but also on the developmental phase in which it began. To induce the same type of stress and to obtain comparable tolerance information from the replications, it is recommended that drought stress should be induced at the same growth stage. Correlations between the traits, commonly associated with improved drought resistance (high relative water content under stress, proline accumulation, osmoregulation) with stress tolerance indexes, are also presented, while the advantages and disadvantages of the most frequently used screening methods are discussed.