Genetic and genomic analyses for predicted methane‐related traits in Japanese Black steers

The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters and to perform a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for predicted methane‐related traits in Japanese Black steers. The methane production and yield traits were predicted using on‐farm measurable traits, such as dry matter intake and average daily gain. A total of 4,578 Japanese Black steers, which were progenies of 362 sires genotyped with imputed 551,995 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), had phenotypes of predicted methane‐related traits during the total fattening period (52 weeks). For the estimation of genetic parameters, the estimated heritabilities were moderate (ranged from 0.57 to 0.60). In addition, the estimated genetic correlations of methane production traits with most of carcass traits and feed‐efficiency traits were unfavorable, but those of methane yield traits were favorable or low. For the GWAS, no genome‐wide significant SNP was detected, but a total of four quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions that explained more than 5.0% of genetic variance were localized on the genome, and some candidate genes associated with growth and feed‐efficiency traits were located on the regions. Our results suggest that the predicted methane‐related traits are heritable and some QTL regions for the traits are localized on the genome in Japanese Black steers.     

Genomewide association study of immune traits in chicken F2 resource population

Immune traits play pivotal roles in animal immune capacity development and disease resistance. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are common forms of genetic variations among individuals, which are thought to account for the majority of inherited phenotypic variations. In this study, we performed genomewide association, using the Illumina 60K SNP BeadChip studies to detect molecular markers and candidate genes associated with immune traits in an F2 population. Sixteen immune traits were measured. We identified 85 significant SNPs (p < 2.98 × 10^?6) with 5% as the genomewide significance threshold, 380 SNPs of suggestive significance (p < 5.96 × 10^?5) from simple model (general linear model, GLM) and 15 SNPs of suggestive significance (p < 5.96 × 10^?5) from the compressed mixed linear model (MLM), which were also found in GLM (six significant SNPs and seven suggestive SNPs). Three significant SNPs (GGaluGA151406, Gga_rs14554319 and Gga_rs13593979) and candidate genes (LYRM4 and KTN1) were found to be associated with avian influenza antibody titres, and the first two SNPs are from the results of two‐model analysis. For the immune organs, through the analysis of GLM, 19 SNPs were found to be significantly associated with the thymus weight, 61 SNPs were significantly associated with the bursa of Fabricius weight, six of which were located within a 34‐Mb region (125 846 474–159 649 698 bp) on chicken chromosome 1 (GGA1). A candidate region relevant to haematological traits from GLM was found in GGA4 and 9 loci were located on it. Three loci (GGaluGA348521, Gga_rs16098446 and GGaluGA348518) within 179 kb (16 286 868–16 466 134 bp) on GGAZ from GLM provided evidence that this genomic segment may be relevant to red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW). Our study provides a list of significant SNPs and candidate genes that will be valuable information for unveiling the underlying molecular mechanism of immune regulation.     

麦盖提羊体重与脂肪相关性的研究

本文主要对麦盖提羊体重与脂肪指标的相关性进行研究分析,并对体重与尾脂重.网油重和肾油重的相关性进行研究分析,认为麦盖提羊活重与胴体重.胴体重与尾脂重,网油重和肾油重之间有不同程度的正相关关系,周岁公母羊活重与胴体重的相关系数分别为0.914和0.997胴体重与尾脂重的相关系数分别为0.56和0.75而且差异极显著.成年公母羊胴体重与尾脂重的相关系数分别为0.73和0.70而且差异极显著.同时指出降低油脂含量和尾脂比重的具体做法,这对麦盖提羊现代育种提供科学的依据.     

Genome-wide Association Study of Teats Number Traits in Kele Pigs

Teats number is one of the most important reproductive traits,and closely related to the economic benefit in pig industry.In order to reveal the underlying genetics of left teats number,right teats number and total teats number traits,a genome-wide association study（GWAS）was performed.Samples of DNA were collected to genotyping for 22 Kele pigs using the Illumina Porcine SNP 60K Chip.The GWAS was performed using a mixed-effects model and linear regression approach.When a genome-wide threshold was determined using the Bonferroni method（P<2.06E-5),4 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）markers were potentially associated with left teats number,right teats number and total teat number.However,3 SNPs were significant associated and 18 SNPs were potentially associated in chromosomes level.304 Ensembl genes were retrieved around 1 cM of the associated SNPs.The candidate genes in Wnt and Fgf signaling pathway（BTRC,FGF5,FGF8,BMP3,RASGEF1B and HMGB3）might have effect on target traits.These results provided valuable information about the selective breeding for Kele pigs.     

Progress of genome wide association study in domestic animals

ABSTRACT: Domestic animals are invaluable resources for study of the molecular architecture of complex traits. Although the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for economically important traits in domestic animals has achieved remarkable results in recent decades, not all of the genetic variation in the complex traits has been captured because of the low density of markers used in QTL mapping studies. The genome wide association study (GWAS), which utilizes high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), provides a new way to tackle this issue. Encouraging achievements in dissection of the genetic mechanisms of complex diseases in humans have resulted from the use of GWAS. At present, GWAS has been applied to the field of domestic animal breeding and genetics, and some advances have been made. Many genes or markers that affect economic traits of interest in domestic animals have been identified. In this review, advances in the use of GWAS in domestic animals are described.     

鱼类疫苗研究进展

经过试验探索、生产应用 ,鱼类疫苗的研究已进入用新技术和新方法研制高效疫苗的时期。疫苗的种类逐渐增多 ,除传统的死疫苗、活疫苗、化学疫苗以外 ,新型疫苗得到快速发展。主要包括 DNA疫苗、合成肽疫苗。一些疫苗已经成为工业化生产的商品用疫苗 ,如弧菌病疫苗、红嘴病疫苗、疖病疫苗、传染性造血器官坏死病疫苗。鱼类的免疫应答和疫苗的免疫接种方法等都会影响鱼类疫苗的应用。尽管鱼类疫苗面临着一些困难 ,但是它有广阔的发展前景     

牧草烘干机生产工艺参数及应用效果研究

以紫花苜蓿为研究对象，通过试验测出的干燥温度和干燥时间以及干燥后牧草营养成分进行了测定和试验分析，为确定牧草干燥应采用的干燥工艺和干燥参数提供依据。     

基于BERT-Attention-DenseBiGRU的农业问答社区问句相似度匹配

为了解决问答社区中相同语义问句文本的快速自动检测,提出一种基于BERT的Attention-DenseBiGRU农业问句相似度匹配模型.针对农业文本具备的特征,采用12层的中文BERT文本预训练模型对文本数据进行向量化处理,并与Word2Vec、Glove、TF-IDF方法进行对比分析,得出BERT方法能够有效地解决农...