SRAP标记在五十份新疆人工栽培核桃种质资源的鉴定与应用

以新疆核桃主栽区收集的50份核桃种质资源为试材,采用序列相关扩增多态性(sequence-related amplified polymorphism,SRAP)标记技术分析其遗传多样性,以期为分布于新疆地区的核桃种质资源的保存、鉴定及综合开发利用提供参考依据。结果表明:从100对引物中筛选出16对扩增条带清晰、稳定性好的多态性SRAP引物组合,16对引物组合在50份供试种质中共扩增出178条带,多态性条带135条,多态位点百分率为75.84%。聚类分析及聚类锐度测试显示供试种质可分为10类,热图显示出不同引物对种质的区分情况,多元回归树显示不同引物中的26个扩增条带能够区分50份供试种质,其中M4/E4、M7/E5、M14/E4、M2/E11、M3/E4、M2/E4、M12/E13、M7/E1、M14/E13和M1/E3共10对引物组合是供试种质鉴定中重要的引物组合。同时R语言在统计分析中的应用,为今后核桃植物形态与遗传变异研究提供了新的数据分析方法。     

环磺酮原药中3个杂质结构的确定及其合成

采用文献中报道的环磺酮的合成工艺合成了环磺酮原药,通过高效液相色谱分析,发现其原药中含有3个质量分数分别大于0.1%的杂质;通过核磁共振氢谱 (1H NMR) 及高分辨质谱 (HRMS) 对3个杂质的结构进行了确证,同时进行了合成。根据合成工艺路线,对该杂质产生的途径进行了分析。     

Review on the roles and effects of growing media on plant performance in green roofs in world climates

Growing media (substrate) is a fundamental part of a green roof, providing water, nutrients and support to plants. However, little research has reviewed how it affects plant performances in different climatic regions. This study aims to analyse published research on green roof growing medium across world’s climate zones. Findings are structured according to Köppen–Geiger climate classification, aiming to investigate the prevalence of research conducted in different climate zones. Results from full-scale studies and laboratory or greenhouse experiments were reviewed. The later were included as they provide systematic knowledge on the effect of individual factors on system performances although cannot provide climate specific information. Studies discussed effects of major substrate components and depths on plant survival and establishment using standard test procedures. Results showed that most research in the subject were in temperate (group C climate classification), continental (group D) and dry climates (group B), respectively. Considerable number of investigations was conducted in controlled laboratory or greenhouse environments. Based on the results, future green roof research and guidelines should consider climate specifications of the region in designing growing medium, depths and attribute of green roof substrates in order to ensure enhanced plant performance. Especially, for more fragile but less investigated dry climate, considerations should be made to tackle heat fluctuations and drought stress by enhancing water holding capacity and thermal isolation of the substrate. To move forward, sustainable building solutions as a part of future urban forms, climate-adaptive green roof systems should be included into future research, practice and guidelines.     

割草机器人工作原理及试验研究—基于GPS/DR组合导航系统

随着国民经济不断发展,我国人民生活水平不断提升,多种人工作业逐渐被机器所取代。GPS/DR组合导航系统能够有效提升割草机器人定位精度,克服传统割草机器人固有弊端,提高工作效率。为此,对GPS/DR组合导航系统原理展开了分析,进行了GPS/DR组合导航系统割草机器人研究,并进行了相关试验研究,验证了GPS/DR组合导航系统割草机器人相对于传统割草机器人的优势。     

Genomewide association study reveals novel quantitative trait loci associated with resistance towards Septoria tritici blotch in North European winter wheat

Fungal diseases are a major constraint for wheat production. Effective disease resistance is essential for ensuring a high production quality and yield. One of the most severe fungal diseases of wheat is Septoria tritici blotch (STB), which influences wheat production across the world. In this study, genomewide association mapping was used to identify new chromosomal regions on the wheat genome conferring effective resistance towards STB. A winter wheat population of 164 North European varieties and breeding lines was genotyped with 15K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) wheat array. The varieties were evaluated for STB in field trials at three locations in Denmark and across 3 years. The association analysis revealed four quantitative trait loci, on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 5D and 7A, highly associated with STB resistance. By comparing varieties containing several quantitative trait loci (QTL) with varieties containing none of the found QTL, a significant difference was found in the mean disease score. This indicates that an effective resistance can be obtained by pyramiding several QTL.     

储料竖向压力对粮仓中小麦粮堆湿热传递的影响

粮仓中存在压力场、温度场和湿度场等多物理场,为了得出各物理因子共同影响下的粮堆内湿热传递规律,该研究利用自行研制的粮堆多场耦合试验装置,针对仓内小麦粮堆单元体,研究在高温边界38.5℃、低温边界5.2℃,初始粮温25.8℃,竖向压力分别为50、100、150 kPa条件下小麦粮堆湿热传递情况。试验结果表明:竖向压力增加,粮堆孔隙率减小,热量通过粮食籽粒间传导增加,传递速率加快,竖向压力从50 kPa增大至150 k Pa,粮温较入仓时下降约0.5~1.3℃,温度梯度变化率达8.7%,不同压力下粮堆高温区面积随储藏时间呈幂函数减小。粮堆内湿空气在边界处累积至峰值时会有部分湿空气向粮堆内迁移。粮堆中部与靠近低温边界温差大于6.3℃时,粮堆内湿空气扩散加快,粮堆中部平均相对湿度下降速率随竖向压力增加而加快。研究结果可为散装粮堆多场耦合研究提供理论支持。     

浅析汉英语言的称谓

对汉、英两种语言中的亲属称谓语和社交称谓语进行比较,并且阐述了由此所反映出的两种不同的文化内涵。     

第三代数字化语言实验室在大学英语教学改革中的作用

分析大学英语教学改革的新趋势和数字化语言实验室的特点,对我校数字化语言实验室的整合与构建提出初步设想,以期为大学英语教学改革提供参考。     

中外高校图书馆对比研究

以国外大学图书馆的先进管理理念和经验为参照,比较了中外高校图书馆在服务意识、服务对象、服务方式、馆员素质等方面的差异,找出差距,取别人之长,补自己之短,以期中国大学图书馆办得更好,为教学科研服务.     

冻土区埋地输油管道温度场数值模拟研究

冻土区埋地管道遇到的最常见问题是冻害破坏.研究埋地输油管道发生冻害及采取科学有效的方法防止冻害,首先应预测埋地输油管道周围冻土冻融过程中温度场的变化,以及温度场与水分场的变化关系.叙述了国内外学者在冻土温度场与水分场耦合作用这一问题的研究成果和埋地输油管道周围温度场的研究成果,提出了数值模拟埋地输油管道周围冻土温度场的几点建议.