磷酸钠对粉红单端孢的离体抑菌作用研究

以引起果蔬采后病害的重要病原物粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum)为研究对象,探究离体条件下不同浓度磷酸钠对T. roseum菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用及其初步机理。结果表明,不同浓度磷酸钠处理均可抑制T. roseum菌丝生长和孢子萌发,且随着处理浓度的增加,抑制效果增强。此外,2.0 mg/mL磷酸钠处理降低了T. roseum胞外相对电导率,提高了胞外丙二醛和可溶性蛋白含量,降低了胞外可溶性糖含量。扫描电镜结果显示,2.0 mg/mL磷酸钠处理的孢子表面粗糙且发生皱缩。因此,离体条件下磷酸钠能够抑制T. roseum生长,其抑菌机理与细胞膜结构的破坏有关。     

不同鲜食葡萄品种裂果特性分析

[目的]研究新疆主栽鲜食葡萄品种裂果特性差异和引起裂果生理原因,分析鲜食葡萄品种裂果特性差异,为生产过程中降低裂果发生率生产调控措施的选择提供理论依据.[方法]以无核白、无核紫、无核白鸡心、新郁等12个鲜食葡萄品种为研究对象,分析成熟期浸水诱导裂果,对不同鲜食葡萄品种的裂果特性,通过石蜡切片测定果皮细胞结构特征,测定果...     

Spontaneous well-differentiated pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with vascular invasion in a male F344 rat

This case report describes a case of spontaneous pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with vascular invasion in a 110-week-old male F344 rat. Histologically, a pancreatic nodule consisting of tumor cells and many blood-rich vessels, and covered with a fibrous capsule showed local invasion in the capsule and adjacent acinar tissues, encircling a large duct-like structure (DS). The tumor was composed of well-differentiated tumor cells resembling normal pancreatic islet cells, which had small round nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Mitotic figures were rare. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for insulin. Although endothelial cells were not detected, the DS wall showed cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin and elastic fibers, suggesting that the DS is the pancreatic artery. This is a rare case of islet cell carcinoma consisting of well-differentiated tumor cells with invasion of the pancreatic artery in a rat.     

Evaluation of Caspase-3 and Ki-67 expression in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by Platycodi radix water extract in Sprague–Dawley rats

Platycodi radix is widely used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. This study aimed to investigate cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (Caspase-3) potential in squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach induced by a Platycodi radix water extract in a subchronic toxicity study. One hundred formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded stomach tissues of rats treated with Platycodi radix at doses of 0, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 mg/kg body weight/day were used for the analysis. They were conventionally stained using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemically (IHC) stained using caspase-3 and Ki-67 antibodies. The incidence of squamous cell hyperplasia was significantly increased in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group in both sexes (p<0.01). However, the hyperplastic change was completely repaired after 4 weeks of recovery period. Ki-67 expression was similar in all groups, with no statistically significant differences among the groups. Caspase-3 expression was significantly increased in both sexes in the 3,000 mg/kg b.w./day treatment group (p<0.01), compared with the vehicle control groups, and then reduced to normal levels in the recovery groups in both sexes. In conclusion, this study showed that squamous cell hyperplasia induced by the Platycodi radix water extract in the limiting ridge of the stomach is not considered to be abnormal proliferative change; as a result, squamous cell hyperplasia is considered to be a non-adverse effect when induced by the oral administration of the Platycodi radix water extract once daily for 13 weeks in rats.     

Generation of a uniform thymic malignant lymphoma model with C57BL/6J p53 gene deficient mice

Lymphoma is the third most common cancer diagnosed in children, and T-cell lymphoma has the worst prognosis based on clinical observations. To date, a lymphoma model with uniform penetrance has not yet been developed. In this study, we generated a p53 deficient mouse model by targeting embryonic stem cells derived from a C57BL/6J mouse strain. Homozygous p53 deficient mice exhibited a higher rate of spontaneous tumorigenesis, with a high spontaneous occurrence rate (93.3%) of malignant lymphoma. Because tumor models with high phenotypic consistency are currently needed, we generated a lymphoma model by a single intraperitoneal injection of 37.5 or 75 mg/kg N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to p53 deficient mice. Lymphoma and retinal degeneration occurred in 100% of p53^+/− mice administered with higher concentrations of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, a much greater response than those of previously reported models. The main anatomic sites of lymphoma were the thymus, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Both induced and spontaneous lymphomas in the thymus and spleen stained positive for CD3 antigen, and flow cytometry detected positive CD4 and/or CD8 cells. Based on our observations and previous data, we hypothesize that mice with a B6 background are prone to lymphomagenesis.     

适用于转录组测序的大麦胚芽鞘保卫细胞分离方法优化

为获取高质量的大麦幼苗胚芽鞘保卫细胞以进行转录组相关研究,以大麦品种Morex的幼苗胚芽鞘为实验材料,分别对胚芽鞘表皮条撕取方法和保卫细胞分离方法进行优化。结果表明,通过"刮压"技术,不仅可以获得完整的大麦胚芽鞘表皮条,而且缩短了获取的时间;利用纤维素酶R-10与离析酶R-10制备酶解液,同时在酶解液中加入转录抑制剂,并结合表皮条"穿孔"进行辅助酶解,发现酶解温度为30℃、酶解时间为水浴1.5 h时,可以获取大量具有活性的大麦胚芽鞘保卫细胞。     

猪体细胞核移植技术及研究现状

自2000年Polejaeva I A获得第1头克隆猪后,短短几年时间全世界已有10多例成功的报道,使得猪的体细胞核移植有了长足的发展,但目前猪的体细胞核移植效率依然低下,人们对核移植中重编程分子机理的认识知之甚少。简要综述了猪体细胞核移植近年来的研究进展,分析了猪核移植中的技术难点和影响因素。     

A型肉毒毒素单克隆抗体的制备及初步鉴定

制备了A型肉毒毒素(BoNT/A)单克隆抗体(mAb),并对其免疫学特性进行了初步鉴定.用BoNT/A重组抗原(BoNT/A Hc)免疫Balb/c小鼠后,取脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系Sp2/0融合,经3次亚克隆建立了3个稳定分泌抗BoNT/A抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为2A8、4F7和2F2,3株抗体均属IgG1亚型,效价为10-4～10-5,3株单抗抗相同抗原表位,交叉反应结果表明,3株单抗与BoNT/A的类似物均无交叉反应,具有较高的特异性.     

益生菌与ND疫苗协同对雏鸡局部黏膜组织抗体生成细胞数量的影响

为探明益生菌能否增强新城疫(newcastle disease,ND)疫苗局部黏膜组织的免疫效果,雏鸡分别于ND疫苗免疫后第0,7,14,21天及新城疫病毒(newcastle disease virus,NDV)攻击7d后或死亡前,采用免疫组织化学方法测定盲肠扁桃体、哈德氏腺和十二指肠派伊尔结的IgA,IgM,IgG抗体生成细胞数量的动态变化.结果发现:益生菌协同ND疫苗组雏鸡局部黏膜的IgA,IgM,IgG抗体生成细胞数量分别在免疫后7d明显高于ND疫苗单独免疫雏鸡(P<0.05);NDV攻击后,益生菌ND疫苗免疫雏鸡的局部黏膜组织抗体生成细胞数量无统计学差异(P>0.05),表明益生菌是疫苗的理想佐剂之一.     

杀鲑气单胞菌对大西洋鲑游泳行为和血细胞数量的影响

为探讨利用鱼类行为及血细胞数量变化预警杀鲑气单胞菌(Aeromonas salmonicida)病害发生的可行性,监测了生产中感染杀鲑气单胞菌的大西洋鲑(Salmo salar L.)的游泳行为,以及杀鲑气单胞菌攻毒后大西洋鲑血细胞数量的变化。实验采用同一养殖基地和同一批次的大西洋鲑,其中现场实验鱼选自生产车间健康的和感染杀鲑气单胞菌的养殖鱼,攻毒实验中处理组实验鱼每尾背肌注射100μL、浓度为3.05×107CFU/m L的菌液,对照组注射等体积灭菌生理盐水。现场实验表明,感染杀鲑气单胞菌的大西洋鲑临界游泳速度较健康鱼低26.7%(P0.05),摆尾频率与游泳速度的线性回归方程的斜率也存在显著差异(P0.05)。攻毒实验表明,从攻毒的第4天开始,处理组大西洋鲑白细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞和粒细胞数量较对照组均发生显著变化,其中第6天的变化最为显著,白细胞总数、粒细胞数分别降低了2.8%和43.9%(P0.05),淋巴细胞数及单核细胞数分别升高了63.3%和23.9%(P0.05),且处理组4种血细胞数随时间呈现显著的线性变化(P0.05)。研究结果表明通过监测大西洋鲑游泳行为(临界游泳速度和摆尾频率)以及血细胞相关指标的变化可快速判断其健康状况,为病害的早期预警提供依据。