Cutting technic forPinus elliottii plantation of the multi-benefit management pattern

The cutting technic for thePinus elliottii plantation of the multi-benefit management pattern in the hilly region of Jiangxi Province was studied by establishing the model of growth progress according to Richards function and simulating the tending cutting on computer by use of dynamic programming. The results showed that the best time for the initial thinning was at tree age of 8–10 and final cutting was at tree age of 25. The optimal thinning project was 3 times of thinning cutting including the first thinning, and the thinning time was at tree ages of 8, 12 and 16, respectively. Their thinning intensities were separately 950, 700 and 300 trunks per hectare, and the preserved density was 550 trunks per hectare until the final cutting Foundation item: This study was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (A grant 0330023) Biography: WANG Qing-chun (1970-), male, Ph. Doctor, Senior Engineer in Academy of Forest Inventory & Planning, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330046, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Song Funan     

黑龙江省农业企业内部绩效评价

随着农业产业化的推进,农业企业得到较快发展,为了实现农业企业的科学管理,要求对农业企业内部绩效进行评价。网络区间DEA方法是将农业企业分为若干个非完全独立的子系统,每个子系统中包括输入、输出和中间变量。笔者在大量理论研究的基础上,采用网络DEA方法和区间DEA方法相结合,建立农业企业绩效评价的模型,并利用DPS数据处理软件进行求解,然后对黑龙江省农业企业的内部绩效进行研究,进而找出农业企业内部绩效的影响因素,对其进行深入分析,最后提出农业企业内部绩效改进的方法策略。农业企业每个部门经营的绩效高,减少了农业企业各部门不必要资源的投入,提升了农业企业的内部绩效水平。     

农田防护林主要间距离的确定——基于林带结构与风速降低的关系

Relative windspeed reduction was measured behind nine relatively narrow, homogenous tree windbreaks with porosities between 0.13–0.33, and behind 28 combinations of model stubble barriers representing 25 different optical porosities (0.00–0.80). The optimum porosities observed were 0.25 and 0.13 for tree windbreaks and stubble barriers respectively. Based on the relationship between windbreak structure (optical porosity) and wind reduction, the chief indices for determining spacing interval, i.e., the windbreak structure index (δ) and the parameter of microclimate, represented by the problem wind (L _rp ), were determined. Additionally, investigations on shelterbelt trees were carried out, and stem-analysis techniques were used, to develop a method for determining the mature height of tree windbreaks (H ₀). Optimal spacing intervals between windbreaks could be predicted from the indices of a given windbreak structure, percentage of reduction of windspeed desired and tree growth model. A hypothetical example for determining the spacing interval of principal poplar windbreaks is given at the end of this paper. The results can be applied not only to tree windbreak design but also to other plant materials and artificial barriers for wind protection. Foundation item: This study was supported by Innovation Research Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences Biography: ZHU Jiao-jun (1965-), male, Ph. Doctor, PhD advisor. Professor of Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, Scholar researcher of Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Japan. Responsible editor: Song Funan     

云南省生物资源开发创新产业信息网络建设

本文简单介绍了云南省生物资源开发创新产业信息网络建设规划研究和实施情况 ,如网络设计目标、体系结构选择、信息资源建设规划、网络的搭建以及数据库的建设构想等     

森林采伐限额与林业企业生产经营优化的探讨

简述了实施森林采伐限额制度的意义，以及实施限量采伐对林业企业经济的影响。利用投入产出与线性规划最优化模型对林业企业生产经营进行优化设计，提出了解决林业企业民限量采伐矛盾的方法和途径。     

利用动态规划设计温室前屋面最佳形状的研究

用动态规划方法进行温室的最佳前屋面形状设计表明，采用总进光量最大作为规划目标，建立了动态规划求解模型，并对沈阳地区跨度为６０ｍ、脊高为２８ｍ的温室进行了优化。     

Spatial optimization by simulated annealing and linear programming

Forest management planning comprises selection among treatment alternatives in management units. A traditional linear programming (LP) approach may effectively account for a profit maximization objective combined with sustainability constraints, e.g. on the temporal distribution of harvest volume flows, cash‐flow, and net present value development, but it fails to account for spatial constraints, especially those associated with final felling. By applying a simulated annealing adjacency model based on net present value maximization and combined with an LP consequence computation model, it is possible to delineate optimal strategies of final felling scheduling. Evaluation is made of the trade‐off between (1) the incremental cost (determined by use of the LP model) of an optimal adjacency model solution, and (2) the potential damage cost resulting from adjacency characteristics such as windthrow and bark injuries. The decision support system may contribute significantly to reduce damage costs and may improve the reliability of forest management planning.     

立木生物量方程的优度评价和精度分析

以建立东北落叶松和南方马尾松立木生物量模型为例,对模型的优度评价和精度分析进行专题研究。首先,在综合分析各种常用模型评价指标的基础上,提出6项基本评价指标,并通过对2个树种的生物量模型进行评价,证明是可行和有效的;然后,基于线性回归估计的基本假设及其置信区间计算公式,提出适合立木生物量模型预估的条件均值和单一预估值置信区间的估计方法,并确定2个树种生物量模型的置信区间;最后,通过蒙特卡罗模拟进行随机再抽样试验,结果表明采用检验样本进行适用性检验的做法不可取,应该利用全部样本(不分建模样本和检验样本)来建立模型,它能充分利用样本信息,使模型的预估误差最小。     

城市道路网信息管理系统研究

针对国内城市交通规划缺乏完整的道路信息资料 ,提出了如何利用功能完善的EMME/2交通规划软件结合中国的交通特性 ,进行城市路网信息资料的获取 ,并提出相应的数据库记录规定 ,据此研制开发了城市道路网信息管理系统。     

辽宁省根径材积表的编制

根据林木的生长特点,根径、胸径和单株材积之间的关系,按树种组分别用线性、对数、乘幂、指数型、三阶二项式5种数学模型模拟林木的生长规律,找出林木根径、胸径和材积之间的关系,通过优化、筛选得到最佳模拟数学方程,利用林木根径计算单株材积。应用现代计算机编程技术(DELPHI编程语言),编制根径材积表软件。