甘肃省产业空间结构及其生态效应分析

区域产业空间结构与生态环境之间存在着强烈的交互胁迫关系。本文分析了甘肃省产业空间结构特征、不同产业发展对生态环境的影响及产业空间结构的生态环境效应。得出以下结论:(1)甘肃省第一产业分布分散且与农业资源的空间分布态势基本一致,第二产业发展空间高度集中且与矿产资源分布一致,第三产业集中在大中城市和旅游资源丰富的地区;(2)甘肃省产业空间结构的生态环境效应具有明显的空间差异;(3)甘肃省生态环境地域分异与产业空间结构分异交互胁迫,强化了生态环境的地域分异,加剧了生态环境的脆弱性。     

General Nexus Between Water and Electricity Use and Its Implication for Urban Agricultural Sustainability:A Case Study of Shenzhen, South China

Although water and energy resources are well-recognized concerns regarding economic and social development sustainability, little specific research has focused on both water and energy problems at the same time. This study analyzed the water and electricity-use patterns in Shenzhen, South China during 2001-2009. A curve regression method was used to examine the relationship between water and electricity use per gross domestic product (GDP) in Shenzhen and its three sectors, i.e., agriculture, industry & construction, and residential life & services. Results showed that agriculture only covered less than 10% of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, while industry & construction and residential life & services accounted for more than 90% of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, which coincided with the city’s industrial structure. The water and electricity use per GDP in agriculture was the biggest among three sectors in Shenzhen during 2001-2009, which means inefficiency of water and electricity use in agriculture. Due to transitioning to advanced materials and manufacturing, both water and electricity use per GDP in industry & construction decreased during 2001-2009 and their utilization efficiencies gradually increased over time. The same held true for those in residential life & services transformed toward modern business, creative culture, finance services, etc. Derived from the survival of the fittest in competing for limited water and electricity resources, agriculture in Shenzhen has been gradually substituted by industry & construction and residential life & services, with much higher efficiencies of water and electricity use. And traditional agriculture will not be sustainable in the process of urbanization and industrialization, except high-tech intensive agriculture with low water and energy cost. Furthermore, by means of curve regression, we found that there was a significant quadratic relationship between water use per GDP and electricity use per GDP in the entire city and its three sectors. Suitable industrial transformation and advancement was a very effective way to save water and energy for modern cities. This can provide some reference for systematic planning and design of water and electricity allocation and use in agriculture, industry & construction and residential life & services in a city.     

在社会经济与森林资源因子约束下的我国林业区划研究——基于Kohonen网络聚类

在林业区划理论的指导下，根据林业统计年鉴公布的2009年的相关数据，本文选取社会经济因子与森林资源因子两方面的相关指标进行基于Kohone网络的聚类分析，以探究我国各地区林业产出与森林资源现状及两者之间的相关性。在社会经济与森林资源因子约束下，将全国区划为资源最充沛——林业较发达地区，资源较充沛——林业最发达地区，资源最匮乏——林业发展一般地区和资源较匮乏——林业欠发达地区四个区域。经过分析发现，产值最高的区域其资源不一定是最充沛的，相反，资源最匮乏的区域产值也不一定是最低的，两者之间没有绝对的正相关关系。     

How does industrial agglomeration affect regional innovation? A spatial econometric analysis

This study empirically investigates the direct and indirect (spillover) effects of three types of industrial agglomeration with different cognitive distances, namely, industrial specialization, industrial related variety, and industrial unrelated variety, on regional innovation. Accordingly, we applied the concepts of related and unrelated variety and used spatial econometric analysis. Based on panel data of 283 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2016, the empirical results reveal that both industrial specialization and industrial related variety significantly improve regional innovation and produce positive spatial spillover effects on the surrounding regions. However, industrial unrelated variety has a significant negative impact on regional innovation and produces a negative spatial spillover effect on the surrounding regions. Moreover, the direct and indirect effects of the three types of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation between China's coastal and inland cities. The findings have important theoretical and policy implications.     

Soil conservation on road embankments using palm‐mat geotextiles: field studies in Lithuania

The application of geotextile mats constructed from the palm leaves of Borassus aethiopum (Borassus) and Mauritia flexuosa (Buriti) was investigated in field experiments. The use of geotextiles caused improved soil moisture storage during dry summer periods on a steep (21–25°) roadside slope in Lithuania. The enhanced soil moisture under the Borassus and Buriti mats encouraged better root development of perennial grasses, increased the number and weight of earthworms and increased the dry biomass of perennial grasses by 50.5 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with a grassland control. The mean rate of water erosion from bare soil during the study period from 17/04/2007 to 11/12/2008 was 33.21 Mg/ha. The cover of palm‐mat geotextiles decreased soil losses from bare fallow soil by 94.8–91.1%. An erosion rate of 0.85 Mg/ha over this 21‐month period was measured on the slope under perennial grasses without geotextile cover. Application of geotextile cover on perennial grasses completely prevented soil erosion by water. Therefore, use of geotextiles has clear soil and water conservation benefits on industrial slopes susceptible to erosion. The use of geotextiles has multiple benefits including soil conservation, the improvement of plant growth conditions and the encouragement of earthworm populations.     

农村产业结构的评价与分析

根据农村产业结构调整的目标和评价指标，对河南省农村产业结构进行了评价和分析。结果表明，农村产业结构经过１０ａ的调整，发生了质的变化，但是，农村劳力转移速度和农民收入增长速度远滞后于农村产业结构调整的速度。作者针对存在问题，提出了进一步调整的建议。     

新时期工业工程领域工程硕士培养模式探索与实践

在分析工业工程专业特点的基础上，针对工业工程专业工程硕士的特点，提出了新时期对工业工程领域工程硕士研究生培养质量的要求和挑战。结合重庆大学在该方面的人才培养经验。探索在新时期适合工业工程领域工程硕士的人才培养模式。     

吉林西部盐碱化治理与机械化保护性耕作研究

分析了吉林西部地区盐碱化形成、发展的历史和原因,指出本区盐碱化发展愈演愈烈的原因在于当地农业生产结构与农业耕作方式的不合理;同时提出了改进措施和发展机械化保护性耕作建议.     

川西高原红景天产业化开发的思考

阐述了开发利用川西高原红景天资源的意义和开发利用现状 ,分析了开发应用前景 ,提出了产业化开发的主要措施     

农村产业结构调整应遵循的原则和采取的措施

农村产业结构是指一定时期和一定地区范围内，农村各产业部门之间，各产业内部的组合状况和比例关系。对农村产业结构进行调整，就是要建立一个合理的农村产业结构。