猪生长激素(PST)脂质体代谢动力学的研究

在猪体内注射脂质体 ,研究其在体内的药物动力学 ,分析其血浆中生长激素浓度随时间的变化曲线 ,确定其释药模型为单室模型 ,求出各项动力学参数 ,结果为PST脂质体的缓释效果显著 ,缓释时间长达7天以上     

玫瑰花再制奶酪的研制

本研究充分利用云南省丰富的玫瑰资源,在再制奶酪基础上,添加含有功能活性物质的玫瑰花发酵液与玫瑰花瓣,研制出方便携带且适合国人口味的压片式再制甜奶酪。通过测定发酵玫瑰花中的活性物质,确定玫瑰花的适宜发酵时间;以感官评分为指标,筛选添加剂的合适添加量;在单因素的基础上应用响应面优化发酵工艺;通过测定产品的理化、卫生指标,评估产品质量。结果表明:当玫瑰花发酵至第6天活性物质含量较高;添加12%脱脂奶、3.5%黄油、12%白糖、2%复合磷酸盐、0.5%黄原胶时,产品的感官评分较高;经优化得到当搅拌温度为87℃、玫瑰花发酵液添加量为20%、发酵玫瑰花添加量为6.5%时,产品感官评分较高(80.84分),与预测值接近;理化和微生物指标检测结果显示,本产品的脂肪、水分含量及酵母菌和霉菌数、菌落总数、大肠菌群数均符合标准。     

季节对美系杜洛克母猪胴体和肉质性能的影响

本试验测定了不同季节对美系杜洛克的胴体和肉质参数的影响。结果提示:季节对美系杜洛克猪的胴体品质无显著影响。在肉质参数中,秋冬季猪肉的红度(6.47±0.73)显著低于春夏季(8.78±0.85),贮存损失(3.26±0.88)也显著低于春夏季(5.63±0.64)。     

两个海大香肉鸡品系屠宰性能与肉质性状的比较

以在相同条件下饲养的72日龄海大香Ⅱ号鸡、海大香特Ⅱ号鸡为研究对象,测定其屠宰性能及部分肉质指标.结果表明:两品系产肉性能均良好,Ⅱ号鸡和特Ⅱ号鸡的屠宰率平均为90.99%及89.72%,全净膛率平均为69.90%及67.78%;无论在两品系间还是性别间,肌间脂宽、皮下脂厚、腹脂率以及胸腿肌含脂率等各项脂肪指标皆差异不显著(P＞0.05);特Ⅱ号鸡(慢速生长)的脂肪沉积能力要比Ⅱ号鸡(中速生长)高;两品系的胸腿肌肉含脂率均表现为母鸡比公鸡高的趋势;无论在两品系间还是性别间,胸腿肌失水率及蒸煮损失率皆差异不显著(P＞0.05);同一样本中,胸肌失水率大于腿肌,腿肌的蒸煮损失率大于胸肌.     

日粮维生素E水平对山羊精液品质的影响

采用4×4拉丁方设计,给金堂黑山羊饲喂维生素E浓度不同(常量:30 mg/kg维生素E,10,50,100倍常量的添加量)而其他营养成分均一致的4种日粮,探索日粮中添加维生素E对山羊精液品质的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加维生素E有助于提高山羊采精量、精子密度和鲜精活率,改善其精液品质(P<0.05);随着日粮中维生素E浓度的增加,山羊采精量、精子密度和鲜精活率也随之改善,添加量为常量的50倍(1500 mg/kg)时,精子密度和鲜精活率最佳(P<0.01)。当添加量超过常量50倍时(100),精子密度和鲜精活率有所降低,但与添加量为50倍的试验组差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

Effects of feeding fermented fish on egg cholesterol content in hens

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding fermented fish (FF) to layers on laying performance, and polyunsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol levels in eggs and plasma. A total of 96, 13-week-old Babcock B380 pullets were used in this study. They were randomly assigned to four numerically equal groups with eight replicates per treatment, three birds per replicate. All the birds were housed in individual cages. The dietary treatments were: Control diet, without FF; FF3 diet containing 3% (w/w) FF, FF6 diet containing 6% (w/w) FF and FF9 diet containing 9% (w/w) FF. The study was carried out for 16 weeks inclusive of two weeks of adjustment. Weekly feed intake and egg production were recorded. Blood plasma cholesterol and fatty acid profiles were assayed at the end of the experiment. FF did not enhance ( P  > 0.05) egg mass but ( P  < 0.05) decreased egg weight slightly. However, egg yolk cholesterol and plasma cholesterol concentrations were reduced ( P  < 0.05) by FF. The n-6:n-3 fatty acids ratio in the egg yolk (Control = 7.9, FF9 = 6.2) and plasma (Control = 10.6, FF9 = 6.2) were decreased by feeding FF. Moreover, FF was able to increase ( P  < 0.05) the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in egg yolk and plasma. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that FF increased DHA and reduced egg yolk cholesterol in poultry eggs.     

散尾葵提取物成分分析及抑菌作用

利用超声波提取和气质联用分析法,对散尾葵的提取物进行了组分和含量分析。结果表明,提取物含酸类化合物2种,占提取物总量的1.20%;醇类化合物3种,占提取物总含量 1.78%;酯类化合物5种,占提取物总量的7.11%;烷类化合物5种,占提取物总量的13.27%;醚类化合物2种,占提取物总含量 3.36%;酮类化合物1种,占提取物总含量 0.41% 。利用散尾葵提取物对10种居室空气中收集的细菌进行了抑菌性测定,对其中7种具有抑菌活性,而对放线菌、动性球菌、冷杆菌无抑制作用。对葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌力最强,125mg/mL浓度提取液抑菌率达到100%。     

Effect of rearing and slaughter conditions on behaviour, physiology and meat quality of Large White and Duroc-sired pigs

The present study investigated the effect of outdoor rearing and genetic background on behaviour and meat quality traits in heavyweight pigs. Large White and Duroc-sired pigs were reared in groups of 3 castrated males and 3 females, conventionally or in fields, from April to October, in a study with two replicates. Compared to indoor pigs, outdoor pigs were more active and showed a larger range of behaviour suggesting improved welfare from a behavioural point of view. During 5 h of isolation, outdoor pigs were less active and had lower heart rates, and in another test, they reacted less to a non-familiar object (traffic cone). Pigs were slaughtered at 150 kg live weight, half of each treatment group after mixing, short transport, and overnight lairage and half immediately following short transport. Outdoor pigs were less aggressive during pre-slaughter mixing. Ante- and post-mortem glycogen content of the Longissimus lumborum (LL), Semimembranonus (SM) and Semispinalis capitis (SC) muscles depended on slaughter conditions, sire breed, rearing conditions, gender and year of experimentation, sometimes influencing ultimate pH. Effects of rearing on muscle glycogen content and post-mortem pH were stronger during the second year of rearing. Effect of slaughter conditions on glycogen content and ultimate pH depended on fighting levels during pre-slaughter mixing. Outdoor rearing increased muscle redness. Drip and cooking loss were higher in Large White than Duroc-sired pigs. Drip and cooking loss were correlated with early post-mortem and ultimate pH. Thawing loss was correlated with early post-mortem temperature and ultimate pH. Finally, reactivity to isolation had a predictive value as pigs more active during isolation had less skin damage due to fighting during pre-slaughter mixing. In conclusion, despite large effects of year of experimentation, outdoor rearing, sire breed, and slaughter conditions influenced behaviour and muscle characteristics.