Thromboelastography: a tool for measuring hypercoagulability, hypocoagulability, and fibrinolysis

Objective: To describe the technique of thromboelastography (TEG) and review the applications of this coagulation test in humans and small animals. Data sources: Data sources included scientific reviews and original research publications. Human data synthesis: TEG in humans has been used for documentation of hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable states and has been shown to be beneficial in patient management. Veterinary data synthesis: Clinical evaluation of TEG in veterinary medicine is limited; however, recent reports have documented evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvovirus and protein‐losing nephropathy. Additionally, many of the research models may be relevant to veterinary patients. Conclusions: TEG provides information about coagulation that is not available through routine coagulation tests. The application of TEG monitoring to veterinary patients shows promise; however, prospective clinical studies are needed.     

不同收获期玉米青贮DM和CP奶牛瘤胃降解率研究

结果表明：蜡熟期玉米青贮DM的有效降解率（60.07%）分别比乳熟期（52.91%）和乳熟前期（45.13%）高7.16个百分点（P＜0.05）和14.94个百分点（P＜0.01）;乳熟期玉米青贮DM的有效降解率比乳熟前期高7.78个百分点（P＜0.05）.蜡熟期玉米青贮CP的有效降解率（81.93%）分别比乳熟期（76.43%）和乳熟前期（73.36%）高5.50个百分点（P＜0.05）和8.57个百分点（P＜0.05）;乳熟期玉米青贮CP的有效降解率比乳熟前期高3.07个百分点，但差异不显著.     

Studies on amoebae and cysts associated with the isolation of Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea in vitro

New evidence is presented to support the contention that the amoeba/cyst colonies isolated from surface-sterilized Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea -infected potato tubers and spore balls have a saprophytic phase but are contaminants and not S. subterranea. Amoebae isolated from infected tissues and spore balls formed colonies associated with bacteria on 1% water agar at 18°C and encysted after 5–7 days. These cysts were morphologically distinct from the resting spores of S. subterranea and were formed singly or in a layer, unlike the spore ball (cystosorus) of S. subterranea . Amoebae, cysts and mixtures of amoebae and cysts in primary, secondary and tertiary subcultures failed to infect tomato roots. PCR amplification of DNA from amoebae, cysts and spore balls using the S. subterranea -specific primer pair SsF/R generated a 434-bp product from S. subterranea spore balls only and not from amoebae or cysts. When an amoeba/cyst-specific primer pair AmF/R was designed and used for PCR amplification, a single 411-bp product was generated from DNA of amoebae and cysts, but not from DNA of S. subterranea spore balls. These results are discussed in relation to earlier reports claiming the successful isolation of S. subterranea and other plasmodiophorids in vitro .     

Association of aster yellows subgroup 16SrI-B phytoplasmas with a disease of Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea

A new phytoplasma disease of Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea was observed in the Czech Republic in 1998. Infected plants showing severely proliferating shoots, leaves reduced in size with vein clearing and chlorosis, shortened internodes and virescent petals died in advanced stages of the disease. Electron microscopy examination of the ultra-thin sections revealed the presence of numerous polymorphic bodies in phloem tissue of leaf midribs and petioles. The disease was successfully transmitted from infected plant via a dodder bridge into periwinkle ( Catharanthus roseus ). The phytoplasma aetiology of this disease was further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using universal primers R16F2/R16R2. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of amplification products indicated the presence of aster yellows related phytoplasmas (16SrI-B) in naturally infected samples of R. glutinosa var . purpurea and in symptomatic periwinkle after dodder transmission of the agent. A comparison of the amplified sequence with 17 sequences available in the GenBank confirmed the classification of the phytoplasma in the subgroup 16SrI-B. This is the first report of natural occurrence of phytoplasma-associated disease in R. glutinosa var. purpurea.     

台湾75毛豆病毒病防治技术研究

研究表明,台湾75毛豆病毒病主要由蚜虫传毒而致,其发生与蚜虫的成虫迁飞时间与发生量关系极为密切.若成虫高峰正遇毛豆1、2叶展平期,毛豆上落蚜量大,发生就重.所以早播的重于迟播的,露地栽培重于套播的.防治上应以栽培避蚜为主,药剂防治为辅,才可取得理想效果.     

陕西省果树黑星病发生现状及药剂防治策略

苹果、梨黑星病的初侵染发生率高低和发病中心的形成与当年5～6月份降雨量密切相关 ,而流行则与7～8月份降雨量密切相关 ,在防治策略上应重点抓住5～6月份的预报工作 ,药剂施用上应选择保护性杀菌剂及内吸性杀菌剂交替使用 ,在发病初期每隔7d喷药1次 ,连续喷3～4次 ,防效可达80%～85%。     

天山北坡水资源开发对地下水资源的影响及其合理利用

本文论述了包括乌鲁木齐市在内的天山北坡山前平原范围内的地下水资源数量、补给关系及开采利用条件,以及地下水开发后对该地区地下水位、数量、质量及泉水渗出等方面的影响,并对如何合理利用本地区地下水资源提出了意见。     

用免疫分离法检测稻种上的白叶枯病菌

 免疫分离法是一种新型的、高度灵敏和准确的种菌带菌检验法,它结合了利用专化性抗血清的选择法吸附作用和活细菌可形成菌落的两方面的优点,从种苗材料中分离到目标细菌,用纯菌测试它的回收率为50~70%,最低检出率为50~100个菌/ml,人工喷接种和病田收获的病种带菌率达87%,平均每粒自然病种上的细菌数在100个左右。免疫分离所得菌落经致病性测定,大多数为白叶枯菌。     

木材抓具爪形理论的研究

首先对我国木材抓具中的三种基本爪形,即近似横椭圆爪形、近似圆爪形和近似竖椭圆爪形,进行了理论分析。然后借助于电测技术,在密实楞抓取的工况下,测试了木材抓具爪形对抓具抓取性能的影响、测试指标有抓取力、抓取量、单位抓取力和抓取过程中的“卡死”次数。结果表明,不论从力学角度还是从抓取性能实测结果来看,近似横椭圆爪形性能较好,圆爪形次之,近似竖椭圆爪形性能最差。     

甘蓝夜蛾血球细胞离体培养的初步研究

本文对甘蓝夜蛾血球细胞的离体培养,以及细胞系的形态特征和生长特性进行了初步研究。利用M—M培养液,辅之以0.02％TC-199、0.06％胰蛋白(月示)和20％胎牛血清,采用单层培养法培养甘蓝夜蛾老熟幼虫的血细胞。结果原代培养仅历时35天就开始了第一次传代,共继代培养8次。细胞形态以圆形和梭形为主,圆形细胞直径为20～31μm,梭形细胞大小为18～20μm×35～50μm。利用第三代培养的细胞悬液,以3.5×10~5cells/ml浓度培养,其群体倍增时间约60小时。核型分析表明,细胞的染色体约呈圆球形,数目变化较大。经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,细胞的酯酶同功酶带为12条,其中有6条主带。培养的细胞于4℃直接冷冻保存可长达70天。