改进杂交晚稻育秧方式预防水稻黑条矮缩病

对比试验结果表明,杂交晚稻秧田不施或少施基肥和苗肥,培育青色、青黄色健壮秧苗,适当增加大田插本数,可以显著减少水稻黑条矮缩病发病率,增加产量。在对照区平均丛发病率12.8%,平均单产435.5kg/亩情况下,秧田不施肥,大田每丛插2本苗的丛发病率可控制在1%左右,亩产增加100kg上下。     

理想株型优质水稻恢复系华恢451的选育及应用

华恢451是湖南亚华种业科学研究院用"明恢63/Lemont"的F_5代株系作母本与先恢207杂交选育而成的水稻新恢复系.该恢复系株叶型理想,株型紧凑,剑叶直立,呈凹形,分蘖力中等,穗大粒多,颖尖无色,恢复力强,配合力好,品质优良,中感稻瘟病,抗高温能力强,耐寒性好.所配组合产量高,米质优,其中华优451、K优451、亚华优451、H28优451先后通过了省或国家品种审定;H28优451被评为湖南省2等优质米品种,三香优451和Q优451被评为湖南省3等优质米品种,K优451、亚华优451区试中米质均达到国标3级优质稻谷标准,应用前景广阔.     

甘蓝型细胞质雄性不育杂交油菜的育性不稳定性及其对产量的影响

选用甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系统的3个油菜杂交种,田间考察各杂交种F1的育性稳定情况及其对产量的影响。结果表明:3个油菜杂交种F1群体均有不育株和半不育株出现,它们的花器形态呈显著差异。3个杂交种F1群体中不育株率分别为5%、3%与11%,不育株的单株有效角果数少,单株产量分别为正常可育株的11.42%、10.45%与5.73%;导致3个杂交种F1群体产量分别下降8.60%、13.93%与17.38%。     

Combining ability for rancidity and associated traits in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

Pearl millet occupies an important place in attaining nutritional security in marginal areas; however, as it develops off-flavours, it is less preferred by food industry. The objective of the current study was to determine the variations in rancidity-related traits and estimate the combining ability of inbreds and hybrids for these traits under varied environmental conditions. In this study, 32 hybrids were developed from eight lines and four testers using line × tester mating design and evaluated along with parents and checks 86M86 and HHB 67 for yield and rancidity-associated traits in three environments. The hybrids L7T2 and L6T1 are identified as promising hybrids for grain yield and rancidity. Higher variance due to specific combining ability and predictability ratio for grain yield and rancidity-associated characters indicate the predominance of non-additive gene action. The tester T1 recorded a significant negative GCA effect with low alcoholic acidity. A significant and positive SCA for grain yield was observed in L3T1 and L7T2, whereas for rancidity in L5T4. Alcoholic acidity showed a significant positive association with 1000 seed weight, lipase and lipoxygenase in parents and negative association with 1000 seed weight in hybrids.     

早杂籼稻糙米代替玉米日粮对肉鸡增重效果的研究

选择同来源出壳１日龄的爱拨益加肉用雏鸡４４０只,随机分为４组,每组１１０只。１组为玉米日粮组,２、３、４组依次以糙米取代日糖中玉米５０％、７０％、１００％。采用对比饲养试验,试验期４５ｄ。试验结果：１、２、３和４组鸡试期末平均体重分别为１．９８０、２．０６７、２．２０６和２．３２５ｋｇ;日增重依次为４２．７、４４．７、４７．８和５０．４ｇ;与对照（１）组比较,２,３和４组日增重依次提高４．７％、１     

Interspecific hybridization of Fragaria moschata with two diploid species, F. nubicola and F. viridis

The crosses Fragaria moschata × F. nubicola, F. moschata × F. viridis, and their reciprocal combinations were done to create tetraploids for eventual introgression into octoploid cultivars of Fragaria × ananassa via the synthetic octoploid system. The combination F. nubicola × F. moschata averaged 3.3 healthy plants/pollination, which was 2.3 times higher than the next best combination, F. moschata × F. viridis. Fragaria viridis × F. moschata crosses averaged only 0.1 healthy plants/pollination and no plants were obtained from F. moschata × F. nubicola hybridizations. The success of the F. nubicola × F. moschata crosses in this study indicated that embryo/endosperm ratios were not as important a factor in producing hybrids with F. moschata × diploids species, as previously suggested.Although 90% of pollinated flowers set fruit with an average of 19 seeds/pollination only 15% of the seeds contained healthy, white embryos and only 38% of these developed into healthy seedlings. The remaining 62% of embryos lacked pigment, had short hypocotyls or arrested development after slight expansion out of the seed coat. Only 39% of the crosses resulted in viable progenies. After one year, 27% of these hybrids bloomed and 71% of the blooming hybrids were tetraploids. All six diploid and six of the seven hexaploid accessions were successfully incorporated into 89 hybrids.     

混合阻塞变刚度软手指设计与实验

为了解决单一阻塞介质变刚度软机械手抓取复杂外形物体效果不佳的问题,受人体手指结构启发,设计了一种仿指腹结构的混合阻塞变刚度软手指。将其设计为双层结构,外层为气动驱动器,内层为基于主动层干扰与被动颗粒阻塞的混合阻塞变刚度层,使得软手指自动贴合被抓取对象,实现主动驱动的被动适应,并通过调整刚度实现可靠抓取。基于传统缝纫工艺,采用超弹性硅胶材料制造软手指。采用Euler-Bernoulli梁理论和虚功原理,建立了基于悬臂梁结构下的多材料软手指的刚度控制模型,并据此提出增大整体刚度的材料筛选方法。弯曲特性实验表明软手指的弯曲性能优异。变刚度和抓取实验结果表明,混合阻塞软手指刚度增大4.6倍,建立的刚度模型最大相对误差为3.4%;在抓取对象表面粗糙度增大的条件下,软手指拉脱力仍增大17%,达到1.7N;相较于单阻塞介质软手指,抓取成功率和承载能力均得到显著提高。     

大白菜新品种哈白 5 号的选育

哈白5号大白菜是利用自交不亲和系86-6-4和自交系v-2-6杂交培育而成的一代杂种。该品种株型紧凑,结球紧实、整齐,长势旺盛,叶色深绿,净菜率76.0%以上;高抗病毒病、霜霉病,同时耐软腐病;生育期76 d左右,每667 m2平均产量8857.91 kg,适宜在黑龙江省作早秋大白菜种植。     

节瓜新品种‘桂优6号’

‘桂优6号’节瓜是优质、高产、绿肉、中早熟一代杂种。果实短圆筒形,长约23 cm,横径约8 cm。果皮绿色,有白色斑点,果肉浅绿色。商品嫩瓜单瓜质量约1.0 kg。肉质嫩滑致密,味微甜。生长势强,耐热性强,适应性广,适宜华南地区及东南亚国家春、夏、秋季种植,一般产量达60 ~ 75 t ? hm-2。     

英国HyLiFe复合图书馆营销策略评介

从现代市场营销角度,介绍了英国HyLiFe复合图书馆在项目实施过程中所采用的营销策略,指出了营销对现代以“用户为中心”图书馆的重要性。