Characteristics and motivations of potential users of urban allotment gardens: The case of Vila Nova de Gaia municipal network of urban allotment gardens

Demand for urban allotment plots has recently increased in Portugal but little is known about the characteristics and motivations of the demanding population, and if and how its characteristics affect its motivations.In this article, we use the Municipal Network of Urban Allotment Gardens (MNUAG)¹ launched by the Portuguese municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia for an exploratory Case Study research. Based on the data collected in the MNUAG application forms submitted in the period 2012–2013, we describe the characteristics and the motivations of the population demanding for urban allotment gardens (UAG)² and run a logit model to find if and how the motivations are influenced by the characteristics.The population of applicants to the MNUAG is quite diverse. It has a balanced gender distribution and an average age of 47 years. Most of the applicants are between 25 and 64 years old, and belong to households with 2–4 members.To supplement family budget, occupation of leisure times, and access to organic farming are its most important motivations, followed by environmental concerns, the practice of physical exercise, and education.Motivations are influenced by the characteristics. This study has identified two groups of applicants with contrasting motivations. Food security is the only significant motivation for the unemployed and low-income applicants. Food safety, health concerns, environmental concerns, recreation, and education are common and frequent motivations among the upper and intermediate professional groups.Results can have future implications on the MNUAG, namely on the UAG location and typology, plot number, and plot size. To meet the demand of all the types of applicants, while fostering social cohesion, the municipality should reinforce its current small UAG structure and add to the MNUAG one or two productive parks.     

高职园艺专业教学模式改革探讨

高职园艺专业是一门实践性学科。为寻求适合的教学模式,从教学方法、学习内容、课程设置和实习形式等方面的更新进行教学模式改革探讨,以做到因材施教,提高学生的学习积极性,提高教师的教学水平。     

论促进旅游业发展的风景园林

面对当前我国旅游业出现的新形势与新趋势，需要优化风景园林建设，以促进旅游业的发展。在分析现有问题的基础上，讨论了园林促进旅游业发展的可行途径，包括革新城市园林、郊野园林、名胜园林的规划设计与经营思路，以及开拓观光农业园等新园林和体制创新等方面。     

中国古典园林对于意境的追求与创造

园林作为中国传统文化的一个组成部分,辉煌灿烂,绚丽多姿,在世界上独树一帜,影响深远.园林中蕴藏之意境更是耐人寻味,让人流连忘返.分析中国古典园林中意境形成的原因及表现方法,可以获得对其更深的认识,并用以指导当今的建筑和景观设计.     

观赏竹的园林应用、分类及评价分析

分析了观赏竹园林绿化上的应用 ,根据观赏竹的外形特征进行了特色分类以及特色评价与分析 ,为今后进一步开发利用观赏竹提供理论与实践的资料 .     

论李白怀乡诗

李白一生写下了大量的怀乡诗。随诗人人生际遇的变化，在不同的阶段呈现不同的意蕴和内涵.早年的怀乡诗在壮怀激昂中蕴孽着淡淡乡愁，中年的怀乡诗更多怜子思亲的伦理亲情，晚年的怀乡诗体现了强烈的回归意念。     

Patterns of movement of adult northern pike (Esox lucius L.) in a regulated river

Abstract –  We performed a tagging study on one of the spawning populations of northern pike ( Esox lucius L.) of the River Kajaaninjoki in Finland. Northern pike is the main predator in many lakes and rivers in the northern hemisphere. Previous tagging studies have shown a general tendency to sedentary behaviour by pike. Whether individuals in a fish population adapt a sedentary or moving strategy may affect population persistence. To study if the spawning population consists of sedentary or moving individuals and the pattern of movements, we tagged 40 pike with radio transmitters and followed them from May 2002 to June 2003. Pike were caught and tagged during the spawning season in the mouth of the River Kajaaninjoki which flows into one of the largest lakes in Finland, Lake Oulujärvi. Our results suggest that the pike spawning population consisted of sedentary pike ( N  = 16) dwelling the whole year in the river, and moving pike ( N  = 24) which moved to Lake Oulujärvi after the spawning period. Pike exhibited homing behaviour, as most of the migrating pike returned to the same spawning area in the following year. Large pike had a higher movement rate than small pike during the summer and seasonally the movement rate was lowest during the spring and highest during the summer.     

新型日光温室骨架型材的改进设计

我国早期的日光温室通常采用塑料薄膜为外覆盖材料,圆钢作骨架,细绳穿过塑料膜将其捆扎在钢骨架上。这种日光温室对塑料薄膜的损害很大,而且固定也不牢固,在春季大风天气下很容易被刮坏,大大降低了塑料薄膜的使用寿命,农户也不得不在1~2年就更换一次新的塑料薄膜,大大增加了日光温室的运行成本和农户的经济负担。为此,设计了一种用型材固定塑料薄膜的方法,并通过数学计算及强度计算,对温室的骨架型材进行改进,达到了降低成本的目的。     

洋葱的贮藏原理及方法

洋葱是一种无呼吸跃变的蔬菜,具有明显的休眠期。洋葱的贮藏原理就是人为地抑制其呼吸强度,延长其休眠期。为此,根据洋葱的贮藏原理和贮藏环境因素,研究了目前国内主要采用的几种洋葱贮藏方法的特点,为洋葱的贮藏与加工提供一定的参考。     

永兴县紫色岩桉树造林技术研究

为解决永兴县境内紫色岩区域的绿化和生态难题，在总结多年桉树引种栽培规律和分析土壤气候特点的基础上，用桉树为主绿化全县紫色岩943．69hm^2，总结出了紫色岩按树造林绿化技术。经调查：造林2年按树平均成活率93％，树高197cm，胸径1．8cm，郁闭度0．46。使该区域水土流失得到有效控制，改善和提高了土壤蓄水保肥能力，有效地促进该区生态建设。