基于自纠正NMS-ByteTrack的套袋葡萄估产方法

针对套袋后的葡萄体积增加和葡萄叶片表面积大容易出现重叠遮挡,及人工拍摄视频的速度不稳定可能导致套袋葡萄目标丢失的问题,该研究提出一种基于自纠正NMS(non-maximum suppression)-ByteTrack的套袋葡萄估产方法。该方法首先通过目标检测方法YOLOv5s检测视频中的套袋葡萄,将检测阶段的NMS操作后置到追踪阶段,保留因遮挡而被过滤的果实检测框;其次在ByteTrack的基础上加入相机运动补偿和改进的卡尔曼滤波算法,以自动纠正果实预测框的位置并进行追踪;最后提出一种划线计数策略对套袋葡萄自动计数。试验结果表明,该方法的多目标追踪准确率、多目标追踪精度和ID调和平均数分别为64.6%、82.4%和80.8%,相比ByteTrack分别提高了1.7个百分点、1.0个百分点和4.1个百分点,平均计数精度达到82.8%。因此,基于自纠正NMS-ByteTrack的估产方法能有效解决套袋葡萄的追踪计数问题,实现对套袋葡萄更精确地估产。     

超高茬麦套稻的产量及低碳效应分析

通过对超高茬麦田套稻稻作方式的机理进行了介绍,分析了其低碳优势和高产原因,为现代农业生产提供参考。     

渭源县马铃薯高产创建的成效与做法

为了充分挖掘马铃薯增产潜力,做大做强马铃薯产业,促进马铃薯生产持续稳步发展,2010年渭源县认真开展了马铃薯高产创建活动.通过确定示范脱毒种薯、种子及土壤处理、合理密植、开展测土配方施肥、加强病虫害综合防治等技术措施,实现了马铃薯高产创建目标.     

宣汉县水稻高产高效栽培技术

为了实现技术配套,提高宣汉县水稻产量水平,提出了选择优质的优良品种、培育健壮秧苗、适当增密早栽、合理氮肥运筹、科学水分管理、抓好病虫防治的技术措施。     

Preparation Technology of Fiber Toughened Self compacting High strength Concrete

Preparation technology of fiber toughened self compacting high strength concrete was tested by measuring influence of water/binder ratio, sand percentage, and steel fiber content on spread, T500 time , U shape value, and L shape value of fresh concrete. Mechanical properties were analyzed in case of different water/binder ratio, sand percentage, and steel fiber content. The test results show that suitable W/B and sand percentage were necessary to satisfy self compacting performance of the fresh concrete. With the increase of steel fiber content, the compressive strength and flexural strength were improved while workability of fresh concrete was cut down. Steel fiber toughened self compacting high strength concrete was prepared successfully with a strength grade of CF90 and a flexural strength of more than 11.0 MPa.     

Application of multi-dimension parallel genetic algorithm to energy-saving optimum control of trains in following operation

In order to study the energy-saving optimum control strategy of a leading train and a tracing train in following operation under a moving block system,an energy-saving control model of trains is created. The aims of the model are energy consumption and trip time error. The control variables of this model are the operating handle level and the train’s position when the operating handle level is changed. Based on the model,the static and dynamic speed restraints are put forward. The static speed restraints are defined by the line conditions and the dynamic speed restraints of the tracing train caused by the leading train for the sake of safety. This problem is solved with the help of multi-dimension parallel genetic algorithm (GA) and external punishment function. During the solving process,the crossover probability and the mutation probability are adjusted dynamically according to the GA generation to improve the efficiency of the coarse grain search and the fine grain search. Ramps divided into three parts and the real number coding are adopted to shorten the length of chromosomes and improve the speed of convergence. Its correctness and effectiveness are validated at a simulation platform of train operation.     

桂林油茶示范林营建现状及成因

自2009年以来,桂林市在灌阳、龙胜、灵川等县建立多处油茶早实丰产示范林,为了促进油茶产业的发展,2012年7～9月对部分有代表性的示范林进行了调查,分析结果如下：灵川县灵田乡示范点油茶生长最佳,其平均树高、冠径、地径、春稍长与生长最差的阳朔县福利镇示范点相比,差异显著,相应值分别高出29．49％、30．91％、28．97％、11．55％;从开花株率看,灵川县灵田乡、龙胜县龙胜镇2个示范点的平均值分别达68．90％和63．02％,显著优于福利镇、新圩乡、崔家乡、瓢里乡4个示范点的平均值,其中灵田乡示范点开花株率的平均值与这4个示范点相比,分别高出40．11％、62．82％、27．49％、51．04％;从平均挂果株率看,同样是灵田乡示范点的平均值最高,其挂果株率为23．26％,与福利镇、新圩乡、崔家乡、瓢里乡4个示范点相比,分别高出71．78％、64．15％、19．22％、63．46％。油茶示范林生长、开花挂果株率的优劣,与品种选择、管理水平有显著相关。在营建油茶早实丰产示范林时,必须注重于选择优质丰产品种的嫁接苗,加强抚育、施肥、修剪及病虫害防治工作,促进其生长旺盛,达到早实丰产的示范效果。     

Detection and verification of QTLs associated with heat-induced quality decline of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using recombinant inbred lines and near-isogenic lines

Decline in the apparent quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain due to high temperatures during ripening recently became a major concern in many areas in Japan. The occurrence of white-back kernels (WBK) is one of the main problems of heat-induced quality decline. We identified QTLs associated with the occurrence of WBK using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and verified their effects using near-isogenic lines (NILs). The QTL analysis used F₇ and F₈ RILs derived from ‘Hana-echizen’ (HE), which is tolerant to high temperature, × ‘Niigata-wase’ (NW), which is sensitive to high temperature. Four QTLs were identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 9 (qWB3, qWB4, qWB6 and qWB9). To verify the effects of qWB6 and qWB9, we developed two NILs in which qWB6 or both were introduced from HE into the NW background. The HE allele at qWB6 significantly decreased WBK under multiple environments. The combination of qWB6 and qWB9 in an F₂ population derived from a cross between a NIL and NW showed that the NW allele at qWB9 significantly decreased WBK if the qWB6 allele was HE. These results will be of value in marker-assisted selection for the breeding of rice with tolerance to heat-induced quality decline.     

核桃高枝嫁接及栽培管理技术研究

文章介绍了核桃高枝嫁接是投资小、见效快、收益大、收益长,是改造低产劣质核桃树的有效途径。对此,文章提出了核桃栽培管理技术。     

海南保亭山竹子丰产栽培管理技术

山竹子原产马来西亚,20世纪60年代开始在海南引种栽培,现已经在海南省保亭县及周边地区形成规模种植。针对保亭地区的气候及山竹子结果树的生长特征,结合生产实际,从树冠管理、水分管理、施肥管理、病虫害防治、果实采收、采后处理等方面,介绍山竹子结果树的丰产栽培及管理技术,为山竹子种植户提供技术参考。