福州城市边缘区果园土壤Pb Cu分布特征与潜在生态风险评价

采用现场采样及室内分析方法,从水平和垂直角度研究了福州城市边缘区果园土壤Pb、Cu全量及其HCl、DTPA两种浸提态含量分布特征,利用潜在生态风险指数法评价土壤Pb、Cu潜在生态风险。结果表明,福州城市边缘区果园土壤Pb、Cu存在一定程度的污染,且Pb污染比Cu严重,不同浸提态Pb、Cu含量与其全量呈正相关,与pH呈负相关;Pb、Cu潜在生态风险处于轻微程度。     

用乙基环丙沙星重建受大肠杆菌污染的BHK-21细胞

为重建受大肠杆菌污染的BHK-21细胞,本研究采用药物乙基环丙沙星,先测出该药对大肠杆菌的最低抑制浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC),再测出该药对BHK-21细胞的MIC,从而确定10 mg/L为乙基环丙沙星不影响细胞生长,又能抑制大肠杆菌的安全浓度。然后用含该浓度乙基环丙沙星的MEM生长液,对受污染的BHK-21细胞进行物理、化学相结合的循环处理。经过3次循环处理,再传3代后,确认大肠杆菌污染已经被彻底清除,细胞恢复了健康。此方法为抢救受细菌污染的细胞提供了参考。     

Environmental toxicity identification of ancient smelting slag

The corrosion and extraction toxicity of heavy metal in ancient smelting slag is analyzed. Leaching behavior of heavy metal in smelting slag is discussed through extraction toxicity test of different pH values. The results show that the pH of smelting slag is alkalescence, the heavy metal content is high and the average content of heavy metal (zinc plus plumbum) is up to 6.97%. However, most of heavy metal in smelting slag is in residual state. Its extraction toxicity is low and potential harm for environment is obviously weakened. It indicates that forecasting heavy metal’s potential harm for environment in smelting slag by totalizing method is not accurate. The leachable quantities of heavy metals significantly increase in extremely acidic and alkaline condition. The leachable quantities of Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd are all up to maximum when pH<3. The leachable quantities of Zn, Pb and Cr all increase when pH>12, but the extracting amount is lower than that in acidic condition. The leachable quantity of Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd is minimal in neutral condition. Under normal rainfall conditions, potential harm for environment of ancient smelting slag is decreased to a lower level. It can be treated according to the requirement for general industrial solid wastes.     

大规模细胞培养中控制污染的举措

从人员培训、环境控制、百级台的无菌操作、原辅材料的管理等方面介绍了大规模细胞培养中避免污染的举措。     

Recovery threshold of Toxocara canis eggs from soil

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the threshold of Toxocara canis eggs form soil samples through utilisation of a centrifuge-flotation technique (CFT). Aliquots of soil (1 g each) were artificially contaminated with known numbers of T. canis eggs (1, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 eggs). The threshold was evaluated based on a CFT using zinc sulphate (Zn₂SO₄) and sodium nitrate (Na₂NO₃) solutions at a specific gravity of 1.20. The number of eggs recovered was directly proportional to the number of eggs employed to seed the soil. Both solutions enabled full recovery of samples containing merely three eggs; only Zn₂SO₄ demonstrated efficiency in soil contaminated with a single egg. A recovery rate of 100% was obtained for all tests with samples containing 10 and 25 eggs for Zn₂SO₄ and Na₂NO₃, respectively_. There was no difference in the mean number of recovered eggs regarding either the efficacy of the solutions or the repetition of evaluations in the same trial (p > 0.05). Therefore, the CFT is efficient for the detection of Toxocara eggs, even in samples containing low egg numbers.     

乌鳢免疫球蛋白M重链和免疫球蛋白轻链的克隆与特征分析

应用RACE-PCR方法克隆并鉴定了乌鳢免疫球蛋白M(i mmunoglobulin M,Ig M)重链(H)和免疫球蛋白轻链(L)全长cDNA。乌鳢IgH cDNA全长1 912个核苷酸(nt),包含1 797 nt的开放阅读框,编码598个氨基酸(aa)。IgH恒定区(CH)均包含1对保守的半胱氨酸残基形成链内二硫键,其中CH1区氨基末端存在保守的半胱氨酸残基与轻链形成链间二硫键,4个推测的N-糖基化位点(NXT和NXS)则分别位于CH1、CH2和CH4。序列比对发现乌鳢IgHCH1与CH2交界处氨基酸序列的插入使铰链区肽段较其他硬骨鱼IgH长,此外IgH CH4区羧基末端参与单体间聚合的半胱氨酸被赖氨酸替换,这反映乌鳢IgH分子结构的特异性。序列相似性比较显示乌鳢IgH与点带石斑鱼、黑鳍冰鱼、牙鲆、虹鳟的相似性依次为55%、50%、45%和36%,与斑马鱼类的相似性较低(为28%)。乌鳢IgL cDNA全长941 nt,包含729 nt的开放阅读框,编码242个aa。轻链可变区(VL)和恒定区(CL)均包含保守的半胱氨酸,形成链内和链间二硫键。序列比对分析表明乌鳢IgL与五条鰤和花狼IgL的相似性为78...     

重离子辐照阿维菌素产生菌的诱变选育

应用不同剂量12C+6重离子束对出发菌株ZJAV-A1进行辐照选育,并应用高效液相色谱法测定发酵液中有效组分B1a的含量.结果表明:当重离子束12C+6离子的辐照剂量为50Gy时,B1a含量的延变率最高,为34.2%;诱变后的菌落共培养出4种菌型,即草帽型、馒头型、光秃型和皱缩型,其中,草帽型高产菌株ZJAV-Y203的发酵液中B1a组分比出发菌株提高了51.43%.说明利用12C+6重离子束辐照处理阿维菌素产生菌,可以得到高产B1a组分的诱变菌株,其诱变效果显著.     

植物组织培养中污染原因及其控制方法

本文针对植物组织培养当中污染的问题,主要从植物组织培养当中污染原因和控制措施等方面进行了论述,并讨论了当前采用植物组织培养这项技术,在污染控制方面存在的问题。     

湖南隆回一次大暴雨天气过程综合分析

利用常规探空资料、地面观测资料、自动气象站资料及水文雨量点资料、T213数值预报资料和卫星云图等,对湖南隆回2006年6月25日大暴雨天气过程进行综合分析.结果表明:暴雨区中上升运动和水汽辐合均大于周围区域,中低层为对流不稳定层结;大气层结的强烈不稳定,强烈的垂直运动,是形成暴雨的主要因素;700hPa的水汽来自孟加拉湾和南海,850hPa和500hPa的水汽来自南海;大暴雨发生前,低层有较强的水平能量输送和能量积聚,同时整个暴雨区的大气运动由下沉运动转变为上升运动;中低层Q矢量的辐合和大暴雨的落区、发生时段有较好的对应关系;低层正涡度、高层负涡度与低层强辐合、高层强辐散一致;"抽吸作用"和反馈作用加强低空辐合,促使暴雨发展.     

EM发酵有机肥对油菜生物性状及重金属含量的影响

采用盆栽定位试验的方法研究了EM菌剂发酵有机肥料与化肥配施对油菜生长及硝酸盐、VC及重金属铅、汞含量的影响。结果表明:在试验范围内,EM菌剂发酵有机肥料与化肥配施,油菜的生物量比对照增加132.0%,VC含量较对照增加36.4%;硝酸盐含量降低20.9%,铅、汞含量分别降低37.4%和36.8%。EM菌剂发酵有机肥料与化肥配施,可以协调土壤生态肥力,降低油菜对重金属和硝酸盐的吸收,改善油菜生长与品质。