绿色采暖—加热电缆的应用

针对当前北方地区冬季采暖存在的“收费难,污染重”的问题进行了分析,提出了“绿色采暖——电采暖”的方式,并把燃煤锅炉、电锅炉和加热电缆的优缺点进行了比较。     

热媒炉导热油系统的清洗

导热油在使用中会发生变质、分解,在系统表面结垢,对热媒炉运行安全构成威胁,当导热油达到报废标准时必须及时更换,并对导热油系统进行清洗,通过对热媒炉导热油系统结垢的原因进行分析,以化学清洗为例,详细介绍了热媒炉导热油系统的清洗方法和步骤,并对清洗更换导热油时的注意事项进行了说明。     

短时间高温处理下桃芽酚类物质及相关酶活性与休眠解除的关系

以6年生曙光油桃、青州冬雪蜜桃为试材,研究40℃、45℃、50℃短时间处理对桃芽自然休眠的调控效应。结果表明:短时间高温处理对桃芽自然休眠的调控效应因处理时期、处理温度和处理持续时间长短的不同而异。11月30日短时间高温处理中,40℃高温处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除具有负调控效应,并且调控效应随处理时间的延长而增强;45℃和50℃高温处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除呈正调控效应,调控效应随处理时间的延长而增强,虽然随着处理温度的升高和处理持续时间的延长,部分桃芽死亡,但是在存活芽中短时间高温对桃芽休眠解除作用明显增强。12月10日高温处理中,40℃高温处理对桃芽自然休眠解除的调控效应不明显,45℃和50℃高温处理和11月30日高温处理相同,只是前者的调控效果优于后者。不同高温处理桃芽的萌芽级数和总酚含量之间的相关性分析表明,总酚含量的降低可能是高温解除休眠的原因。     

高水分玉米热风加热压片的试验研究

为了降低玉米压片加工的成本,采用对辊式压片机对北方新收获的玉米进行了热风加热压片的试验研究.以影响玉米热风加热压片的热风加热温度、热风加热时间、压辊间距及压辊转速4个因素进行正交旋转组合设计,以玉米片糊化度为评价指标进行了试验.结果表明:高水分玉米经热风直接加热压片对提高玉米的糊化度有利,研究的较佳工艺技术参数组合为:热风温度为121～126℃、热风加热时间为64～67 min、压辊的间距为0.5-0.7 mm、压辊的转速为160～171r/min.     

Analysis on Economy and Energy -efficiency of the Measurable Heating System

This paper analyzes the energy-efficiency of the measurable heating system through the analysis of three main energy-efficient measures:room temperature control,system climate equalizing and variable-flux circulation,based on the data of local climate;it points out that the remarkable energy-efficiency of the measurable heating system is gained especially in cases of the use of residential mode for the residence and office mode for the public building.Then,according to the analysis of energy-efficiency and market price of equipment added for this heating measure,the economy of the measurable heating system is analyzed.The results indicate that heating companies have gained extraordinary profits from new heating measure,the benefit for the clients are fulfilled only by setting reasonable heating prices and the measurable heating should be in accord with the market rules.     

AN EXPERIMENT ON HEAT TRANSFER BY MICROWAVE THAWING IN A FOOD ANALOGUE MATERIAL

The one-dimensional heat transfer of microwave thawing in a food analogue material is experimentally studied. The results show that the phase change region is narrow and the latent heat is quickly released due to the effect of the microwave energy. Besides, in the rising section of the temperature after thawing. the internal heat source makes the temperature at the central point rise more quickly than that at other parts of the tested element.     

Dynamical Solidification Characteristic of Metal Surface Alloying by Action of Continuous Laser

The solidification microstructures and their nucleation models are discussed,and the effect of the shape effect of moving melton pool on the solidification features is anslyzed on the basis of experiments. The experimental results show that its solidification behavior is complex,because the continuous laser alloying is a dynamical process. The reason for this complexity is that the dynamical solidification characteristic is significantly controlled by the laser alloying parameters and the molten pool shape. On the other hand,the solidification structures of laser alloying have a series of specialities,and their nucleation mechanisms are mainly heteroepitaxial growth and heterogeneous nucleation growth.     

主动采光蓄热型日光温室性能初探

研究了一种新型主动采光蓄热型日光温室,该日光温室应用了倾转屋面技术和主动蓄热风机系统技术,实现了人为调节日光温室采光面角度和提高后墙蓄热效率,并对其温光性能进行了试验研究。试验测定了位于陕西省子长县现代农业示范园内的试验温室,并选取2013年冬季冬至日、典型多云天和典型晴天的试验数据,分析研究了主动采光蓄热型日光温室与普通日光温室室内光照度和温度的差别。在本试验条件下,与普通日光温室相比,冬至日主动采光蓄热型日光温室室内光照度平均提高了15.42%,平均温度提高了2.6℃;典型多云天时主动采光蓄热型日光温室室内光照度平均提高了11.73%,平均温度提高了2.1℃;典型晴天时主动采光蓄热型日光温室室内光照度平均提高了21.28%,平均温度提高了5.6℃。与普通日光温室相比,主动采光蓄热型日光温室冬季室内的平均光照度和平均温度均有明显提高。     

非连续加温温室结构设计中雪荷载取值方法

在分析比较国外关于温室建筑及我国工业与民用建筑结构荷载规范的基础上，针对非连续加温温室结构设计中雪荷载的定义方法、计算取值等进行了较深入的探讨；同时结合工程实践，提出了一套适合我国温室结构设计中雪荷载取值的一般原则：在现有条件下，考虑重要性因子和暴露因子，按中国建筑结构荷载规范（GBJ9－87）计算雪荷载是可行的。