木材干燥过程中热质迁移交互作用的研究

本文应用不可逆过程热力学研究木材干燥过程中的热质迁移现象，从中得到结论：木材中的湿度梯度和温度梯度在引起物质流的同时、产生热分子压力效应亦可引起热流的交叉作用．由此提示：在建立热流宏观规律时，应考虑热分子压力效应对热传导的影响     

微波干燥胶清橡胶试验研究

通过微波加热干燥胶清胶的工艺试验,结果表明:微波功率、辐射时间和物料质量对脱水率有显著的影响;微波干燥胶清胶技术有干燥时间短、干燥效率高的特点,可用于胶清胶的生产工艺。     

材面加压防止干燥翘曲变形的探讨

本文对杨木、长白落叶松等几种短周期工业材进行材面加压与不加压干燥对比试验,探索了压力大小对防止其干燥时翘曲（本文主要是指扭曲,瓦弯,下文同）变形的作用。     

多效农用棚膜应用

对大棚内每日最高地温、气温,最低地温、气温及光照强度的观测结果表明,多效聚乙烯棚膜的增温、保温效果良好且棚面灰尘污染轻微,无滴效果可保持６个月,使用寿命可达１年以上。     

高水分粳稻储气箱就仓吸风降水研究

在综合考虑储粮水分变化规律、干燥原理及粮食低温保管要求的基础上,选择适当时机吸入外界热空气并保持一定时间,待粮粒中水分汽化后,再用低温干燥空气转换出粮堆内的湿热空气,达到就仓干燥的目的。实验结果表明：该方法简单、经济有效,能耗低,降水效果明显。     

Re-ensiling effects on inoculated sorghum: Intake,apparent digestibility,nitrogen balance,and animal feeding behaviour

This study aimed to determine whether using inoculants and re-ensiling in sorghum silages affect the intake and feeding behaviour, apparent digestibility, digestible energy, and nitrogen balance of sheep in maintenance. Half the sorghum was inoculated on the day of harvest, and the other half received the same inoculation volume but with water. Sorghum was ensiled in 100 experimental metal drum silos of 200 L covered with plastic: 50 silos with inoculants and 50 without them. After 56 days, 25 drums with inoculants and 25 without were exposed to air for 48 h. The other silos remained closed. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme with inoculation and re-ensiling. The sheep received the silages after 211 days of ensiling and 155 days of re-ensiling to determine the intake, apparent digestibility, and feeding behaviour of animals. The experimental design was a simultaneous double 4 × 4 Latin square. The re-ensiling process increased silage pH, N-NH₃.TN⁻¹, butyric acid, and propionic acid. The inoculant increased propionic acid in ensiled and re-ensiled silages. Lactic acid concentration presented a statistical interaction with the inoculated and ensiled silage, 58% higher than the other treatment averages. The ADFap digestibility showed a complex interaction, in which the control ensiled and the inoculated and re-ensiled silages were about 35% lower than the inoculated ensiled silage. The Nbal:Nint ratio (g.g⁻¹) in the inoculated and re-ensiled silage had lower nitrogen retention than intake compared with the other treatments. These results indicate that exposing inoculated silages to air does not compromise their use in sheep feeding.     

Changes in the Chemical Characteristics of Gulbi,Salted and Dried Yellow Corvenia,During Drying at Different Temperatures

A few chemical characteristics of Gulbi, a traditional Korean seafood prepared from salted and dried Yellow corvenia (Pseudosciaena manchurica), were investigated during drying at different temperatures. When Gulbi was manufactured by sun-drying (the control), it had the highest thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) values. They increased with increasing drying time at all temperatures in the hot-air drier. The TBARS value of Gulbi was lower when dried at 30 and 35°C than at 40°C and the control. The VBN of the control was higher than that of hot-air dried Gulbi at 30 and 35°C and lower than that of hot-air dried Gulbi at 40°C. The control had a VBN value of 20.8 ± 0.07% and the hot-air dried at 30°C, 18.0 ± 0.06; at 35°C, 18.6 ± 0.06; at 40°C, 23.8 ± 0.08 (p < 0.05), respectively. The salt content of the control and Gulbi dried at 30, 35, and 40°C were 22.9 ± 0.07%, 17.7 ± 0.06%, 18.0 ± 0.06%, and 24.3 ± 0.08%, respectively. The amino nitrogen content was much lower: 63.1 ± 0.80 mg/100 g and 65.5 ± 0.14 mg/100 g at 30 and 35°C than 78.3 ± 0.21 mg/100 g at 40°C. The results of this study also indicate that the Gulbi dried at 30 and 35°C had better chemical characteristics than those dried at 40°C when using hot-air drying and sun drying.     

中国西北地区气温异常的特征分析

根据1960-1999年中国西北地区114个观测站的季、年平均气温资料,分析了气温的空间分布特征.使用EOF,REOF分析方法和小波分析方法,讨论了西北地区年平均气温异常的空间分布特征,并分析了不同区域年平均气温变化、冬半年(1月)和夏半年(7月)极端气温变化及周期变化的特点.结果表明:西北地区年平均气温异常的一致性是主要特点,也存在南北差异和高大地形与沙漠盆地、河流、草原的差异;除陕西外西北其他地区年平均气温普遍呈上升趋势;冬季极端最低气温有明显上升趋势,冬半年极端最低气温在整个气温上升趋势中起主要作用;西北地区不同区域的年平均气温变化有各自不同的周期性.     

微波干制南瓜片干燥规律及工艺优化研究

进行了微波干燥南瓜片干燥脱水与耗电试验，获得微波干燥南瓜片失水特性及耗电特性，并建立了微波干燥南瓜片干燥模型；进行了4因素4指标的二次正交回归试验，得出各指标(外观质量、复水系数、单位时间降水率及单位耗电量)的回归方程，采用了非线性规划对各指标进行目标优化，得出各目标函数的发射功率、切片厚度、前期时间、缓苏时间的最优组合，并对4因素对4指标影响的显著性分析、参数综合优化，提出了参数的最佳组合。     

射频-热风与热风处理保鲜白面包的比较

为将射频技术应用到袋装面包的保鲜处理中,以有效延长袋装面包的保存期,论文研究了射频-热风处理对于袋装面包的保鲜效果,并从灭菌效应、加热速率以及处理后面包的品质变化3方面与传统的热风处理方式作了对比。研究表明,与传统的热风处理相比,射频-热风处理可在更低的温度和更短的时间内获得满意的杀菌效果。对袋装切片面包进行射频-热风处理,其加热速率约为传统热风处理的30倍,并且可以更好地保持面包的品质,但其缺点是会引起面包表面积较大的收缩。